⚠️ Warning: This is a draft ⚠️
This means it might contain formatting issues, incorrect code, conceptual problems, or other severe issues.
If you want to help to improve and eventually enable this page, please fork RosettaGit's repository and open a merge request on GitHub.
{{draft task}} Convert an array of bytes or binary string to the [[wp:Base64|base64-encoding]] of that string and output that value. Use [http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico the icon for Rosetta Code] as the data to convert.
See also [[Base64 decode data]].
ABAP
DATA: li_client TYPE REF TO if_http_client,
lv_encoded TYPE string,
lv_data TYPE xstring.
cl_http_client=>create_by_url(
EXPORTING
url = 'http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico'
IMPORTING
client = li_client ).
li_client->send( ).
li_client->receive( ).
lv_data = li_client->response->get_data( ).
CALL FUNCTION 'SSFC_BASE64_ENCODE'
EXPORTING
bindata = lv_data
IMPORTING
b64data = lv_encoded.
WHILE strlen( lv_encoded ) > 100.
WRITE: / lv_encoded(100).
lv_encoded = lv_encoded+100.
ENDWHILE.
WRITE: / lv_encoded.
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAAAEABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
...
AAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
ALGOL 68
This program is run on a modified Algol 68 Genie 2.8. That interpreter has some bugs, so it does not do binary tcp/ip requests, and I made patches/bugfixes to it in order to run this task.
STRING codes = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"[@0];
PROC get web page = (STRING host, path) STRING:
BEGIN
STRING reply;
INT rc;
IF rc := tcp request (reply, host,
"GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.0" + crlf +
"Host: rosettacode.org" + crlf +
crlf, 80);
rc = 0 THEN
SKIP #print (reply)#
ELSE print (strerror (rc))
FI;
IF rc = 0 AND grep in string ("^HTTP/[0-9.]+ 200", reply, NIL, NIL) = 0 THEN
INT p := 0;
FOR i TO UPB reply WHILE p = 0 DO
IF reply[i] = carriage return ANDF reply[i+1] = line feed AND reply[i+2] = carriage return AND reply[i+3] = line feed THEN
p := i
FI
OD;
IF p /= 0 THEN
STRING headers = reply[:p],
body = reply[p+4:];
body
ELSE
""
FI
ELSE
print (strerror (rc)); ""
FI
END;
PROC base64_encode = (STRING s) STRING:
BEGIN
STRING result := "";
BITS u;
FOR i BY 3 TO UPB s DO
u := BIN ABS s[i] SHL 16 OR
IF i+1 <= UPB s THEN BIN ABS s[i+1] SHL 8 OR
IF i+2 <= UPB s THEN BIN ABS s[i+2]
ELSE 16r0
FI
ELSE 16r0
FI;
result +:= codes[ABS (u SHR 18 AND 16r3f)] +
codes[ABS (u SHR 12 AND 16r3f)] +
(i + 1 <= UPB s | codes[ABS (u SHR 6 AND 16r3f)] | "=") +
(i + 2 <= UPB s | codes[ABS (u AND 16r3f)] | "=")
OD;
result
END;
CHAR line feed = REPR 10, carriage return = REPR 13;
STRING crlf = carriage return + line feed;
STRING host = "rosettacode.org";
STRING rosettacode icon = get web page (host, "http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico");
STRING encoded icon = base64_encode (rosettacode icon);
print ((encoded icon, new line))
{{out}}
First 80 chars and last 80 chars of output
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAAAEAB
...
AAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
ARM Assembly
.section .rodata
ch64: .ascii "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"
example_text: .ascii "Hello World"
example_base64: .ascii "SGVsbG8gV29ybGQ="
.section .bss
.lcomm buffer, 64
.section .text
.global _start
@ int base64_encode(char *d, char *s, int len)
base64_encode:
push {r3-r7}
ldr r6, =ch64
mov r7, r0
be_cycle:
ldrb r3, [r1]
lsr r4, r3, #2
ldrb r4, [r6, r4]
strb r4, [r0]
add r0, r0, #1
add r1, r1, #1
subs r2, r2, #1
moveq r4, #0
ldrneb r4, [r1]
and r3, r3, #3
lsl r3, r3, #4
lsr r5, r4, #4
orr r3, r3, r5
ldrb r3, [r6, r3]
strb r3, [r0]
add r0, r0, #1
add r1, r1, #1
beq be_store2
subs r2, r2, #1
moveq r3, #0
ldrneb r3, [r1]
and r4, r4, #15
lsl r4, r4, #2
lsr r5, r3, #6
orr r4, r4, r5
ldrb r4, [r6, r4]
strb r4, [r0]
add r0, r0, #1
add r1, r1, #1
beq be_store1
and r3, r3, #0x3f
ldrb r3, [r6, r3]
strb r3, [r0]
add r0, r0, #1
subs r2, r2, #1
beq be_exit
bne be_cycle
be_store2:
mov r3, #'='
strb r3, [r0]
add r0, r0, #1
be_store1:
mov r3, #'='
strb r3, [r0]
add r0, r0, #1
be_exit:
sub r0, r0, r7
pop {r3-r7}
mov pc, lr
@ int base64_decode(char *d, char *s, int len)
base64_decode:
push {r3-r6,lr}
mov r3, r0
mov r6, r0
bd_cycle:
ldrb r0, [r1]
bl char_decode
add r1, r1, #1
lsl r4, r0, #2
ldrb r0, [r1]
bl char_decode
add r1, r1, #1
lsr r5, r0, #4
orr r4, r4, r5
strb r4, [r3]
add r3, r3, #1
lsl r4, r0, #4
ldrb r0, [r1]
cmp r0, #'='
beq exit
bl char_decode
add r1, r1, #1
lsr r5, r0, #2
orr r4, r4, r5
strb r4, [r3]
add r3, r3, #1
lsl r4, r0, #6
ldrb r0, [r1]
cmp r0, #'='
beq exit
bl char_decode
add r1, r1, #1
orr r4, r4, r0
strb r4, [r3]
add r3, r3, #1
subs r2, r2, #4
bne bd_cycle
exit:
sub r0, r3, r6
pop {r3-r6, pc}
@ char char_decode(char c)
char_decode:
subs r0, r0, #'A'
blt cd_digit
cmp r0, #25
subgt r0, r0, #6
mov pc, lr
cd_digit:
adds r0, r0, #17
blt cd_ps
add r0, r0, #52
mov pc, lr
cd_ps:
cmn r0, #5
moveq r0, #62
movne r0, #63
mov pc, lr
_start:
ldr r0, =buffer
ldr r1, =example_text
mov r2, #11
bl base64_encode
mov r2, r0
mov r7, #4
mov r0, #1
ldr r1, =buffer
swi #0
ldr r0, =buffer
ldr r1, =example_base64
mov r2, #16
bl base64_decode
mov r2, r0
mov r7, #4
mov r0, #1
ldr r1, =buffer
swi #0
mov r7, #1
mov r0, #0
swi #0
C
libresolv
{{libheader|libresolv}} (libresolv is included on most Unix-like systems)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <resolv.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
int main() {
int fin = open("favicon.ico", O_RDONLY);
if (fin == -1)
return 1;
struct stat st;
if (fstat(fin, &st))
return 1;
void *bi = mmap(0, st.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fin, 0);
if (bi == MAP_FAILED)
return 1;
int outLength = ((st.st_size + 2) / 3) * 4 + 1;
char *outBuffer = malloc(outLength);
if (outBuffer == NULL)
return 1;
int encodedLength = b64_ntop(bi, st.st_size, outBuffer, outLength);
if (encodedLength < 0)
return 1;
puts(outBuffer);
free(outBuffer);
munmap(bi, st.st_size);
close(fin);
return 0;
}
Compile with
gcc -lresolv -o base64encode base64encode.c
Manual implementation
The following reads standard input and writes base64-encoded stream to standard output, e.g. ./a.out <some_random_file >/dev/null if you don't want to see the output. It gives identical output as the common base64 utility program, though much less efficiently.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
typedef unsigned long UL;
int main(void)
{
const char *alpha = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
"0123456789+/";
unsigned char c[4];
UL u, len, w = 0;
do {
c[1] = c[2] = 0;
if (!(len = read(fileno(stdin), c, 3))) break;
u = (UL)c[0]<<16 | (UL)c[1]<<8 | (UL)c[2];
putchar(alpha[u>>18]);
putchar(alpha[u>>12 & 63]);
putchar(len < 2 ? '=' : alpha[u>>6 & 63]);
putchar(len < 3 ? '=' : alpha[u & 63]);
if (++w == 19) w = 0, putchar('\n');
} while (len == 3);
if (w) putchar('\n');
return 0;
}
C++
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
typedef unsigned char byte;
using namespace std;
const unsigned m1 = 63 << 18, m2 = 63 << 12, m3 = 63 << 6;
class base64
{
public:
base64() { char_set = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"; }
string encode( vector<byte> v )
{
string res;
unsigned d, a = 0, l = static_cast<unsigned>( v.size() );
while( l > 2 )
{
d = v[a++] << 16 | v[a++] << 8 | v[a++];
res.append( 1, char_set.at( ( d & m1 ) >> 18 ) );
res.append( 1, char_set.at( ( d & m2 ) >> 12 ) );
res.append( 1, char_set.at( ( d & m3 ) >> 6 ) );
res.append( 1, char_set.at( d & 63 ) );
l -= 3;
}
if( l == 2 )
{
d = v[a++] << 16 | v[a++] << 8;
res.append( 1, char_set.at( ( d & m1 ) >> 18 ) );
res.append( 1, char_set.at( ( d & m2 ) >> 12 ) );
res.append( 1, char_set.at( ( d & m3 ) >> 6 ) );
res.append( 1, '=' );
}
else if( l == 1 )
{
d = v[a++] << 16;
res.append( 1, char_set.at( ( d & m1 ) >> 18 ) );
res.append( 1, char_set.at( ( d & m2 ) >> 12 ) );
res.append( "==", 2 );
}
return res;
}
private:
string char_set;
};
int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
base64 b;
basic_ifstream<byte> f( "favicon.ico", ios::binary );
string r = b.encode( vector<byte>( ( istreambuf_iterator<byte>( f ) ), istreambuf_iterator<byte>() ) );
copy( r.begin(), r.end(), ostream_iterator<char>( cout ) );
return 0;
}
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAAAEAB
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP///wCGiYcARkhHAL/CwAAmKScAam1rAOPm5ACgo6EAV1pYABcZ
...
AAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAA
AAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
C#
namespace RosettaCode.Base64EncodeData
{
using System;
using System.Net;
internal static class Program
{
private static void Main()
{
const string path = "http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico";
byte[] input;
using (var client = new WebClient())
{
input = client.DownloadData(path);
}
var output = Convert.ToBase64String(input);
Console.WriteLine(output);
}
}
}
Output:
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAg...AAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
D
void main() {
import std.stdio, std.base64, std.net.curl, std.string;
const f = "http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico".get.representation;
Base64.encode(f).writeln;
}
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAwqgIAADCjgUAACgAAAAQAAAAIAA...
AAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQ==
Delphi
program Base64EncodeData;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses IdHTTP, IdCoderMIME;
var
lSrcString: string;
lHTTP: TIdHTTP;
begin
lHTTP := TIdHTTP.Create(nil);
try
lSrcString := lHTTP.Get('http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico');
Writeln(TIdEncoderMIME.EncodeString(lSrcString));
finally
lHTTP.Free;
end;
end.
Elixir
data = File.read!("favicon.ico")
encoded = :base64.encode(data)
IO.puts encoded
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAAAEAB
...
AAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
Erlang
-module(base64demo).
-export([main/0]).
main() ->
{ok, Data} = file:read_file("favicon.ico"),
Encoded = encode_library(Data),
io:format("~s",[Encoded]).
%% Demonstrating with the library function.
encode_library(Data) ->
base64:encode(Data).
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4F...AAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
Factor
USING: base64 http.client io kernel strings ;
"http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico" http-get nip
>base64-lines >string print
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAg...AAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
F#
Standard Library
{{works with|fsharp|4.5}}
open System
open System.Net
let url = "https://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico"
let download (url: string) =
use client = new WebClient()
client.DownloadData url
let raw = download url
let encoded = Convert.ToBase64String raw
printfn "%s" encoded
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAAAEABAAAA ...
Manual Implementation
{{works with|fsharp|4.5}}
open System.Net
let encode s =
let chars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/".ToCharArray()
|> Array.map string
let paddingSize =
let c = Array.length s % 3
if c = 0 then 0 else 3 - c
let s = Array.append s (Array.replicate paddingSize (byte '\x00')) |> Array.map int
let calc c =
let n = (s.[c] <<< 16) + (s.[c + 1] <<< 8) + s.[c + 2]
let n1 = (n >>> 18) &&& 63
let n2 = (n >>> 12) &&& 63
let n3 = (n >>> 6) &&& 63
let n4 = n &&& 63
chars.[n1] + chars.[n2] + chars.[n3] + chars.[n4]
[0..3..Array.length s - 1]
|> List.map calc
|> List.reduce (+)
|> fun r -> r.Substring(0, String.length r - paddingSize) + String.replicate paddingSize "="
let url = "https://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico"
let download (url: string) =
use client = new WebClient()
client.DownloadData url
let encoded = url |> download |> encode
printfn "%s" encoded
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAAAEABAAAA ...
Go
Standard Library
package main
import (
"encoding/base64"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
r, err := http.Get("http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico")
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
defer r.Body.Close()
d, err := ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
return
}
fmt.Println(base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(d))
}
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJg ... AAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
Manual implementation
// base64 encoding
// A port, with slight variations, of the C version found here:
// http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Base64#C (manual implementation)
//
// go build ; cat favicon.ico | ./base64
package main
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
"os"
"strings"
)
const (
B64_CHUNK_SIZE = 76
)
type UL int64
// Our lookup table.
var alpha string = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"
// Base64 encode a raw byte stream.
func B64Encode(raw []byte) (string, error) {
var buffer strings.Builder
var reader *bytes.Reader
var u UL // w UL
var length int
var chunk []byte
var err error
length = 3
reader = bytes.NewReader(raw)
chunk = make([]byte, 3)
for length == 3 {
chunk[1] = 0
chunk[2] = 0
length, err = reader.Read(chunk)
if err != nil || len(chunk) == 0 {
break
}
u = UL(chunk[0])<<16 | UL(chunk[1])<<8 | UL(chunk[2])
buffer.WriteString(string(alpha[u>>18]))
buffer.WriteString(string(alpha[u>>12&63]))
if length < 2 {
buffer.WriteString("=")
} else {
buffer.WriteString(string(alpha[u>>6&63]))
}
if length < 3 {
buffer.WriteString("=")
} else {
buffer.WriteString(string(alpha[u&63]))
}
}
return buffer.String(), nil
}
// Prettifies the base64 result by interspersing \n chars every B64_CHUNK_SIZE bytes.
// Even though there's a performance hit, i'd rather compose these.
func B64EncodePretty(raw []byte) (string, error) {
var buffer strings.Builder
encoded, err := B64Encode(raw)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
length := len(encoded)
chunks := int(length/B64_CHUNK_SIZE) + 1
for i := 0; i < chunks; i++ {
chunk := i * B64_CHUNK_SIZE
end := chunk + B64_CHUNK_SIZE
if end > length {
end = chunk + (length - chunk)
}
buffer.WriteString(encoded[chunk:end] + "\n")
}
return buffer.String(), err
}
func main() {
contents, err := ioutil.ReadAll(os.Stdin)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error reading input: ", err)
}
encoded, err := B64EncodePretty(contents)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("Error base64 encoding the input: ", err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s", encoded)
}
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAA
AEABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP///wCGiYcARkhHAL/CwAAmKScAam1rAOPm5ACgo6EA
...
AAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEA
AAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
Haskell
By hand
{{Trans|C}} This Haskell code is ported from the C solution (manual implementation) with slight variations.
-- | Base 64 Encoding.
-- A port, with slight variations, of the C version found here:
-- http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Base64#C (manual implementation)
--
-- ghc -Wall base64_encode.hs ; cat favicon.ico | ./base64_encode
{-# LANGUAGE OverloadedStrings #-}
{-# LANGUAGE ViewPatterns #-}
module Main where
import Data.Bits
import Data.Char
import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as C
-- | alphaTable: Our base64 lookup table.
alphaTable :: C.ByteString
alphaTable = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"
-- | b64Encode: Simple base64 encode function operating on normal C.ByteString's
b64Encode :: C.ByteString -> C.ByteString
b64Encode stream =
if C.null stream
then C.empty
else alphaTable `C.index` shiftR _u 18 `C.cons` alphaTable `C.index`
(shiftR _u 12 .&. 63) `C.cons`
(if C.length chunk < 2
then '='
else alphaTable `C.index` (shiftR _u 6 .&. 63)) `C.cons`
(if C.length chunk < 3
then '='
else alphaTable `C.index` (_u .&. 63)) `C.cons`
b64Encode (C.drop 3 stream)
where
chunk = C.take 3 stream
_u = u chunk
-- | b64EncodePretty: Intersperses \n every 76 bytes for prettier output
b64EncodePretty :: C.ByteString -> C.ByteString
b64EncodePretty = makePretty 76 . b64Encode
-- | u: base64 encoding magic
u :: C.ByteString -> Int
u chunk = fromIntegral result :: Int
where
result =
foldl (.|.) 0 $
zipWith
shiftL
(C.foldr (\c acc -> charToInteger c : acc) [] chunk)
[16, 8, 0]
-- lazy foldl to fix formatting
-- | charToInteger: Convert a Char to an Integer
charToInteger :: Char -> Integer
charToInteger c = fromIntegral (ord c) :: Integer
-- | makePretty: Add new line characters throughout a character stream
makePretty :: Int -> C.ByteString -> C.ByteString
makePretty _ (C.uncons -> Nothing) = C.empty
makePretty by stream = first `C.append` "\n" `C.append` makePretty by rest
where
(first, rest) = C.splitAt by stream
main :: IO ()
main = C.getContents >>= C.putStr . b64EncodePretty
Using Data.ByteString.Base64
import qualified Data.ByteString.Base64 as Base64 (decode, encode)
import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as B (putStrLn, readFile)
main :: IO ()
main = B.readFile "favicon.ico" >>= (B.putStrLn . Base64.encode)
J
'''Solution''' (''[http://www.jsoftware.com/wsvn/addons/trunk/convert/misc/base64.ijs standard library]''):
load'convert/misc/base64' NB. use 'tobase64'
'''Solution''' (''handrolled''):
tobase64 =: padB64~ b2B64
padB64 =: , '=' #~ 0 2 1 i. 3 | #
b2B64 =: BASE64 {~ _6 #.\ (8#2) ,@:#: a.&i.
'''Example''':
load'web/gethttp'
76 {. tobase64 gethttp 'http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico'
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAA
Java
Can also use org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64 from Apache Commons Codec
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class Base64 {
private static final char[] alpha = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/".toCharArray();
static String base64(InputStream is) throws IOException {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
int blocks = 0;
while (true) {
int c0 = is.read();
if (c0 == -1)
break;
int c1 = is.read();
int c2 = is.read();
int block = ((c0 & 0xFF) << 16) | ((Math.max(c1, 0) & 0xFF) << 8) | (Math.max(c2, 0) & 0xFF);
sb.append(alpha[block >> 18 & 63]);
sb.append(alpha[block >> 12 & 63]);
sb.append(c1 == -1 ? '=' : alpha[block >> 6 & 63]);
sb.append(c2 == -1 ? '=' : alpha[block & 63]);
if (++blocks == 19) {
blocks = 0;
sb.append('\n');
}
}
if (blocks > 0)
sb.append('\n');
return sb.toString();
}
private static void assertBase64(String expected, byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
String actual = base64(new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes));
if (!actual.equals(expected)) {
throw new IllegalStateException(String.format("Expected %s for %s, but got %s.",
expected, Arrays.toString(bytes), actual));
}
}
private static void testBase64() throws IOException {
assertBase64("", new byte[]{});
assertBase64("AA==\n", new byte[]{0});
assertBase64("AAA=\n", new byte[]{0, 0});
assertBase64("AAAA\n", new byte[]{0, 0, 0});
assertBase64("AAAAAA==\n", new byte[]{0, 0, 0, 0});
assertBase64("/w==\n", new byte[]{-1});
assertBase64("//8=\n", new byte[]{-1, -1});
assertBase64("////\n", new byte[]{-1, -1, -1});
assertBase64("/////w==\n", new byte[]{-1, -1, -1, -1});
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
testBase64();
URLConnection conn = new URL("http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico").openConnection();
conn.addRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla"); // To prevent an HTTP 403 error.
try (InputStream is = conn.getInputStream()) {
System.out.println(base64(is));
}
}
}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQ...QAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
Java 8 version
import java.nio.file.*;
import java.util.Base64;
public class Base64Task {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
byte[] bytes = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get("favicon.ico"));
String result = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(bytes);
System.out.println(result);
}
}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQ...QAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
JavaScript
(function(){//ECMAScript doesn't have an internal base64 function or method, so we have to do it ourselves, isn't that exciting?
function stringToArrayUnicode(str){for(var i=0,l=str.length,n=[];i<l;i++)n.push(str.charCodeAt(i));return n;}
function generateOnesByLength(n){//Attempts to generate a binary number full of ones given a length.. they don't redefine each other that much.
var x=0;
for(var i=0;i<n;i++){
x<<=1;x|=1;//I don't know if this is performant faster than Math.pow but seriously I don't think I'll need Math.pow, do I?
}
return x;
}
function paf(_offset,_offsetlength,_number){//I don't have any name for this function at ALL, but I will explain what it does, it takes an offset, a number and returns the base64 number and the offset of the next number.
//the next function will be used to extract the offset of the number..
var a=6-_offsetlength,b=8-a;//Oh god, 8 is HARDCODED! Because 8 is the number of bits in a byte!!!
//And 6 is the mini-byte used by wikipedia base64 article... at least on 2013.
//I imagine this code being read in 2432 or something, that probably won't happen..
return [_number&generateOnesByLength(b),b,(_offset<<a)|(_number>>b)];//offset & offsetlength & number
}
function toBase64(uint8array){//of bits, each value may not have more than 255 bits... //a normal "array" should work fine too..
//From 0x29 to 0x5a plus from 0x61 to 0x7A AND from 0x30 to 0x39
//Will not report errors if an array index has a value bigger than 255.. it will likely fail.
var a=[],i,output=[];
for(i=0x41;i<=0x5a;i++){//A-Z
a.push(String.fromCharCode(i));
}
for(i=0x61;i<=0x7A;i++){//a-z
a.push(String.fromCharCode(i));
}
for(i=0x30;i<=0x39;i++){//0-9
a.push(String.fromCharCode(i));
}
a.push('+','/');
var offset=0,offsetLength=0,x;
for(var i=0,l=uint8array.length;i<l;i++){
if(offsetLength==6){//if offsetlength is 6 that means that a whole offset is occupying the space of a byte, can you believe it.
offsetLength=0;
output.push(a[offset]);
offset=0;
i--;
continue;
}
x=paf(offset,offsetLength,uint8array[i]);
offset=x[0];
offsetLength=x[1];
output.push(a[x[2]]);
}
if(offsetLength){
if(offsetLength==6){
output.push(a[offset]);
}else{
var y=(6-offsetLength)/2;
x=paf(offset,offsetLength,0);
offset=x[0];
output.push(a[x[2]]);
switch (y){
case 2:output.push('=');//This thingy right here, you know.. the offsets also, no break statement;
case 1:output.push('=');break;
}
}
}
return output.join('');//You can change it so the result is an array instead!!!!
}
//Usage
return toBase64(stringToArrayUnicode("Nothing seems hard to the people who don't know what they're talking about."))
}())
===Using btoa (HTML5)=== {{works with|Gecko}} {{works with|WebKit}} Works with IE10 or higher.
HTML5 saves the day! introducing two methods to the DOM! These are btoa and atob, see [http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec-LC/webappapis.html#atob spec]
window.btoa("String to encode, etc..");//Will throw error if any unicode character is larger than 255 it's counterpart it's the window.atob
To make it.. just work, you could convert it to UTF-8 Manually or.. JSON.stringify it or.. encodeURIComponent it.
Using Node.js
{{works with|Node.js}}
var http = require('http');
var options = {
host: 'rosettacode.org',
path: '/favicon.ico'
};
callback = function(response) {
var str = '';
response.on('data', function (chunk) {
str += chunk;
});
response.on('end', function () {
console.log(new Buffer(str).toString('base64'));//Base64 encoding right here.
});
}
Jsish
Using a contributed entry that is a small change of the Jsi ''lib/Jsi_Wget.jsi'' sources, to the ''httpGet.jsi'' module. Stored as an attachment at
/* Base64, in Jsish */
require('httpGet');
var icon = httpGet('http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico');
printf("%s", Util.base64(icon, false))
{{out}}
prompt$ jsish base64.jsi | sed -ne '1p;$p'
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgA
AAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=prompt$
Julia
{{works with|Julia|0.6}}
using Requests
file = read(get("https://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico"))
encoded = base64encode(file)
print(encoded)
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAAAEABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP[...]QAAAAE=
Kotlin
// version 1.1.2
import java.io.File
import java.util.Base64
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
val path = "favicon.ico" // already downloaded to current directory
val bytes = File(path).readBytes()
val base64 = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(bytes)
println(base64)
}
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQ.....AAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
Lasso
local(
src = curl('http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico'),
srcdata = #src->result
)
#srcdata->encodebase64
// or, in one movement:
curl('http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico')->result->encodebase64
LiveCode
put URL "http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico" into rosettaico
put base64encode(rosettaico)
Ouput
AAABAA...S0tLS0tLS0t...QAAAAE=
Lua
local dic = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"
function encode( t, f )
local b1, b2, b3, b4
b1 = 1 + ( ( t & 0xfc0000 ) >> 18 )
b2 = 1 + ( ( t & 0x03f000 ) >> 12 )
b3 = 1 + ( ( t & 0x000fc0 ) >> 6 )
b4 = 1 + ( t & 0x00003f )
io.write( dic:sub( b1, b1 ), dic:sub( b2, b2 ) )
if f > 1 then io.write( dic:sub( b3, b3 ) ) else io.write( "=" ) end
if f > 2 then io.write( dic:sub( b4, b4 ) ) else io.write( "=" ) end
end
local i = assert( io.open( "favicon.ico", "rb" ) )
local iconData = i:read( "*all" )
local dataLen, s, t = #iconData, 1
while( dataLen > 2 ) do
t = ( iconData:sub( s, s ):byte() << 16 ); s = s + 1
t = t + ( iconData:sub( s, s ):byte() << 8 ); s = s + 1
t = t + ( iconData:sub( s, s ):byte() ); s = s + 1
dataLen = dataLen - 3
encode( t, 3 )
end
if dataLen == 2 then
t = ( iconData:sub( s, s ):byte() << 16 ); s = s + 1;
t = t + ( iconData:sub( s, s ):byte() << 8 ); s = s + 1;
encode( t, 2 )
elseif dataLen == 1 then
t = ( iconData:sub( s, s ):byte() << 16 ); s = s + 1;
encode( t, 1 )
end
print()
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAA
gAAAAAAEABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP///wCGiYcARkhHAL/CwAAmKScAam1r
...
AAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQ
AAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
=={{header|Mathematica}} / {{header|Wolfram Language}}==
Print[ExportString[
Import["http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico", "Text"], "Base64"]];
Very interesting results. {{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAA
AEABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP///wCGiYcARkhHAL/CwAAmKScAam1rAOPm5ACgo6EA
V1pYABcZGADO0c8AODs5AK2wrgBzdnQA6+7sAPz//QAAAwEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
............................................................................
AOaFhYbu7zPmhYWF5oaGhoaGhoaGhoaGhoaGhoaFhekA/////wAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAAB
AAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEA
AAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
=={{header|Objective-C}}== {{works with|Mac OS X|10.6+}} {{works with|iOS|4.0+}}
int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {
@autoreleasepool {
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico"]];
NSLog(@"%@", [data base64Encoding]);
}
return 0;
}
OCaml
# First we install with opam the lib: https://github.com/mirage/ocaml-base64
$ opam install base64
# Be sure to use the opam environment
$ eval $(opam env)
# Download the file to encode (there is no simple KISS way to do it in OCaml)
$ wget http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico
# Starting the ocaml toplevel
$ rlwrap ocaml -I $(ocamlfind query base64) base64.cma
OCaml version 4.07.1
# let load_file f =
let ic = open_in f in
let n = in_channel_length ic in
let s = Bytes.create n in
really_input ic s 0 n;
close_in ic;
(Bytes.to_string s)
;;
val load_file : string -> string = <fun>
# let enc = Base64.encode_exn (load_file "favicon.ico") ;;
val enc : string =
"AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4F"... (* string length 4852; truncated *)
Perl
#!perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use MIME::Base64;
open(my($fh), "<", "favicon.ico") or die;
local $/;
print encode_base64(<$fh>);
{{out}} The first and last lines of output are:
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAA
AAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
Perl 6
sub MAIN {
my $buf = slurp("./favicon.ico", :bin);
say buf-to-Base64($buf);
}
my @base64map = flat 'A' .. 'Z', 'a' .. 'z', ^10, '+', '/';
sub buf-to-Base64($buf) {
join '', gather for $buf.list -> $a, $b = [], $c = [] {
my $triplet = ($a +< 16) +| ($b +< 8) +| $c;
take @base64map[($triplet +> (6 * 3)) +& 0x3F];
take @base64map[($triplet +> (6 * 2)) +& 0x3F];
if $c.elems {
take @base64map[($triplet +> (6 * 1)) +& 0x3F];
take @base64map[($triplet +> (6 * 0)) +& 0x3F];
}
elsif $b.elems {
take @base64map[($triplet +> (6 * 1)) +& 0x3F];
take '=';
}
else { take '==' }
}
}
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAA...QAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
Phix
As this is a draft task, I've gone with the example from wp, for now. [[User:Petelomax|Pete Lomax]] ([[User talk:Petelomax|talk]]) 10:25, 11 September 2015 (UTC)
include builtins\base64.e
string s = "Man is distinguished, not only by his reason, but by this singular passion from "&
"other animals, which is a lust of the mind, that by a perseverance of delight "&
"in the continued and indefatigable generation of knowledge, exceeds the short "&
"vehemence of any carnal pleasure."
string e = encode_base64(s)
?e
?decode_base64(e)
{{out}}
TWFuIGlzIGRpc3Rpbmd1aXNoZWQsIG5vdCBvbmx5IGJ5IGhpcyByZWFzb24sIGJ1dCBieSB0aGlzIHNpbmd1bGFyIHBhc3Npb24gZnJvbSBvdGhlciBhbmltYWxzLCB3aGljaCBpcyBhIGx1c3Qgb2YgdGhlIG1p
bmQsIHRoYXQgYnkgYSBwZXJzZXZlcmFuY2Ugb2YgZGVsaWdodCBpbiB0aGUgY29udGludWVkIGFuZCBpbmRlZmF0aWdhYmxlIGdlbmVyYXRpb24gb2Yga25vd2xlZGdlLCBleGNlZWRzIHRoZSBzaG9ydCB2ZWhl
bWVuY2Ugb2YgYW55IGNhcm5hbCBwbGVhc3VyZS4=
"Man is distinguished, not only by his reason, but by this singular passion from other animals, which is a lust of the mind, that by a perseverance of delight i
n the continued and indefatigable generation of knowledge, exceeds the short vehemence of any carnal pleasure."
PHP
<?php echo base64_encode(file_get_contents("http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico"));/*1 liner*/ ?>
PicoLisp
`(== 64 64)
(setq *Char64
`'(chop
"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/" ) )
(de char64 (A B)
(default B 0)
(get *Char64 (inc (| A B))) )
(de base64 (S)
(let S (mapcar char (chop S))
(pack
(make
(while (cut 3 'S)
(let ((A B C) @)
(link (char64 (>> 2 A)))
(nond
(B
(link
(char64 (>> -4 (& A 3)))
'=
'= ) )
(C
(link
(char64 (>> -4 (& A 3)) (>> 4 B))
(char64 (>> -2 (& B 15)))
'= ) )
(NIL
(link
(char64 (>> -4 (& A 3)) (>> 4 B))
(char64 (>> -2 (& B 15)) (>> 6 C))
(char64 (& C 63))) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
(test
"cGxlYXN1cmUu"
(base64 "pleasure.") )
(test
"bGVhc3VyZS4="
(base64 "leasure.") )
(test
"ZWFzdXJlLg=="
(base64 "easure.") )
(test
"YXN1cmUu"
(base64 "asure.") )
(test
"c3VyZS4="
(base64 "sure.") )
PowerShell
$webClient = [Net.WebClient]::new()
$bytes = $webClient.DownloadData('http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico')
$output = [Convert]::ToBase64String($bytes)
$output
{{out}}
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAg...AAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
PureBasic
InitNetwork()
*BufferRaw = ReceiveHTTPMemory("http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico")
If *BufferRaw
Debug Base64Encoder(*BufferRaw, MemorySize(*BufferRaw))
Else
Debug "Download failed"
EndIf
Python
import urllib
import base64
data = urllib.urlopen('http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico').read()
print base64.b64encode(data)
(For me this gets the wrong data; the data is actually an error message. But still, it base-64 encodes it.)
Racket
#lang racket
(require net/url net/base64)
(base64-encode (call/input-url (string->url "http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico")
get-pure-port port->bytes))
Output:
#"AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAA...AQAAAAE=\r\n"
REXX
Some computers (or REXX implementations) are limited in virtual memory, so the ''chunk'' size (below) is
specified as '''20000''' to show how the file (if specified) can be read in chunks instead of reading it whole.
A much higher value for '''chunk''' could be used for modern systems or implementations.
/*REXX program converts text (from a file or the C.L.) to a base64 text string. */
parse arg iFID @ /*pbtaom optional arguments from the CL*/
if iFID=='' | iFID=="," then iFID='favicon.ico' /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/
chunk=20000 /*# of bytes to read a file at one time*/
/*If @ isn't a blank, then use CL text.*/
if @='' then do s=1 by chunk until y=='' /* " " is " " " " the file*/
y=charin(iFID, s, chunk) /*read a chunk of the file, assign to Y*/
@=@ || y /*append the chunk (Y) to the @ var*/
end /*s*/ /* [↑] read a chunk of the file ──► @ */
t=base64(@) /*convert the @ string to base 64.*/
say center(' input', 79, "─"); say @ /*show the header and the input text.*/
say center('base64', 79, "─"); say t /* " " " " " base64 " */
exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
base64: procedure; parse arg Q; $= /*obtain input string; and nullify $. */
z= 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/'
do i=0 for 64 /*process each char in the Z string. */
!.i=substr(z, i+1, 1) /*assign a char of Z to a ! element*/
end /*i*/
b=x2b( c2x(Q) )0000000000000000 /*Q ──► binary, add some zero padding.*/
L=length(Q) * 8 /*compute Q's length (in bits). */
do j=1 by 6 to L /*traipse through bit string by six. */
_=x2d( b2x( substr(b, j, 6) )) /*compute index into the BASE64 table. */
$=$ || !._ /*append to $ (the output string). */
end /*j*/
/* [↓] maybe append equal signs to $. */
return $ || copies('=', 2 * (L//6==2) + (L//6==4) )
For the various outputs, several input texts from the Wikipedia article on ''Base64'' [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base64] were used to demonstrate how padding works.
{{out|output|text= when using the input of: , any carnal pleasure. }}
──────────────────────────────────── input─────────────────────────────────────
any carnal pleasure.
────────────────────────────────────base64─────────────────────────────────────
YW55IGNhcm5hbCBwbGVhc3VyZS4=
{{out|output|text= when using the input of: , any carnal pleasure }}
──────────────────────────────────── input─────────────────────────────────────
any carnal pleasure
────────────────────────────────────base64─────────────────────────────────────
YW55IGNhcm5hbCBwbGVhc3VyZQ==
{{out|output|text= when using the input of: , any carnal pleasur }}
──────────────────────────────────── input─────────────────────────────────────
any carnal pleasur
────────────────────────────────────base64─────────────────────────────────────
YW55IGNhcm5hbCBwbGVhc3Vy
{{out|output|text= when using the input of: , any carnal pleasu }}
──────────────────────────────────── input─────────────────────────────────────
any carnal pleasu
────────────────────────────────────base64─────────────────────────────────────
YW55IGNhcm5hbCBwbGVhc3U=
{{out|output|text= when using the input of: , any carnal pleas }}
──────────────────────────────────── input─────────────────────────────────────
any carnal pleas
────────────────────────────────────base64─────────────────────────────────────
YW55IGNhcm5hbCBwbGVhcw==
Ruby
require 'open-uri'
require 'base64'
puts Base64.encode64 open('http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico') {|f| f.read}
Scala
import java.net.URL
import java.util.Base64
object Base64S extends App {
val conn = new URL("http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico").openConnection
val bytes = conn.getInputStream.readAllBytes()
val result = Base64.getEncoder.encodeToString(bytes)
println(s"${result.take(22)} ... ${result.drop(4830)}")
assert(Base64.getDecoder.decode(result) sameElements bytes)
println(s"Successfully completed without errors. [total ${compat.Platform.currentTime - executionStart} ms]")
}
Seed7
The Seed7 library [http://seed7.sourceforge.net/libraries/encoding.htm encoding.s7i] defines the function [http://seed7.sourceforge.net/libraries/encoding.htm#toBase64(in_string) toBase64], which encodes a string with the Base64 encoding.
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";
include "gethttp.s7i";
include "encoding.s7i";
const proc: main is func
begin
writeln(toBase64(getHttp("rosettacode.org/favicon.ico")));
end func;
Sidef
var data = %f'favicon.ico'.read(:raw) # binary string
print data.encode_base64 # print to STDOUT
Tcl
{{works with|Tcl|8.6}}
package require Tcl 8.6
package require http
set tok [http::geturl http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico]
set icondata [http::data $tok]
http::cleanup $tok
puts [binary encode base64 -maxlen 64 $icondata]
With older versions of Tcl, the base64 encoding is best supported via an external package: {{tcllib|base64}}
package require base64
package require http
set tok [http::geturl http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico]
set icondata [http::data $tok]
http::cleanup $tok
puts [base64::encode -maxlen 64 $icondata]
VBA
Option Explicit
Public Function Decode(s As String) As String
Dim i As Integer, j As Integer, r As Byte
Dim FirstByte As Byte, SecndByte As Byte, ThirdByte As Byte
Dim SixBitArray() As Byte, ResultString As String, Token As String
Dim Counter As Integer, InputLength As Integer
InputLength = Len(s)
ReDim SixBitArray(InputLength + 1)
j = 1 'j counts the tokens excluding cr, lf and padding
For i = 1 To InputLength 'loop over s and translate tokens to 0-63
Token = Mid(s, i, 1)
Select Case Token
Case "A" To "Z"
SixBitArray(j) = Asc(Token) - Asc("A")
j = j + 1
Case "a" To "z"
SixBitArray(j) = Asc(Token) - Asc("a") + 26
j = j + 1
Case "0" To "9"
SixBitArray(j) = Asc(Token) - Asc("0") + 52
j = j + 1
Case "+"
SixBitArray(j) = 62
j = j + 1
Case "/"
SixBitArray(j) = 63
j = j + 1
Case "="
'padding'
Case Else
'cr and lf
End Select
Next i
r = (j - 1) Mod 4
Counter = 1
For i = 1 To (j - 1) \ 4 'loop over the six bit byte quadruplets
FirstByte = SixBitArray(Counter) * 4 + SixBitArray(Counter + 1) \ 16
SecndByte = (SixBitArray(Counter + 1) Mod 16) * 16 + SixBitArray(Counter + 2) \ 4
ThirdByte = (SixBitArray(Counter + 2) Mod 4) * 64 + SixBitArray(Counter + 3)
ResultString = ResultString & Chr(FirstByte) & Chr(SecndByte) & Chr(ThirdByte)
Counter = Counter + 4
Next i
Select Case r
Case 3
FirstByte = SixBitArray(Counter) * 4 + SixBitArray(Counter + 1) \ 16
SecndByte = (SixBitArray(Counter + 1) Mod 16) * 16 + SixBitArray(Counter + 2) \ 4
ResultString = ResultString & Chr(FirstByte) & Chr(SecndByte)
Case 2
FirstByte = SixBitArray(Counter) * 4 + SixBitArray(Counter + 1) \ 16
ResultString = ResultString & Chr(FirstByte)
End Select
Decode = ResultString
End Function
Public Function Encode(s As String) As String
Dim InputLength As Integer, FirstByte As Byte, SecndByte As Byte, ThirdByte As Byte, r As Byte
Dim LineNumber As Integer, z As Integer, q() As String, ResultString As String
Dim FullLines As Integer, LastLineLength As Integer, Counter As Integer
q = Split("A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K,L,M,N,O,P,Q,R,S,T,U,V,W,X,Y,Z,a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j," & _
"k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w,x,y,z,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,+,/", ",", -1, vbTextCompare)
InputLength = Len(s)
r = InputLength Mod 3
FullLines = ((InputLength - r) / 3) \ 20 + 1: LastLineLength = (InputLength - r) / 3 Mod 20 - 1
Counter = 1
For LineNumber = 1 To FullLines
For z = 0 To IIf(LineNumber < FullLines, 19, LastLineLength) 'loop over the byte triplets
FirstByte = Asc(Mid(s, Counter, 1))
SecndByte = Asc(Mid(s, Counter + 1, 1))
ThirdByte = Asc(Mid(s, Counter + 2, 1))
Counter = Counter + 3
ResultString = ResultString & q(FirstByte \ 4) & q((FirstByte Mod 4) * 16 + _
(SecndByte \ 16)) & q((SecndByte Mod 16) * 4 + (ThirdByte \ 64)) & q(ThirdByte Mod 64)
Next z
If LineNumber < FullLines Then ResultString = ResultString & vbCrLf
Next LineNumber
Select Case r
Case 2
FirstByte = Asc(Mid(s, Counter, 1))
SecndByte = Asc(Mid(s, Counter + 1, 1))
ResultString = ResultString & q(FirstByte \ 4) & q((FirstByte Mod 4) * 16 + _
(SecndByte \ 16)) & q((SecndByte Mod 16) * 4) & "="
Case 1
FirstByte = Asc(Mid(s, Counter, 1))
ResultString = ResultString & q(FirstByte \ 4) & q((FirstByte Mod 4) * 16) & "=="
End Select
Encode = ResultString
End Function
Private Function ReadWebFile(ByVal vWebFile As String) As String
'adapted from https://www.ozgrid.com/forum/forum/help-forums/excel-general/86714-vba-read-text-file-from-a-url
Dim oXMLHTTP As Object, i As Long, vFF As Long, oResp() As Byte
Set oXMLHTTP = CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP")
oXMLHTTP.Open "GET", vWebFile, False
oXMLHTTP.send
Do While oXMLHTTP.readyState <> 4: DoEvents: Loop
oResp = oXMLHTTP.responseBody 'Returns the results as a byte array
ReadWebFile = StrConv(oResp, vbUnicode)
Set oXMLHTTP = Nothing
End Function
Public Sub Task()
Dim In_ As String, Out As String, bIn As String
Dim filelength As Integer
Dim i As Integer
In_ = ReadWebFile("http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico")
Out = Encode(In_)
bIn = Decode(Out)
Debug.Print "The first eighty and last eighty characters after encoding:"
Debug.Print Left(Out, 82) & "..." & vbCrLf & Join(Split(Right(Out, 82), vbCrLf), "")
Debug.Print "Result of string comparison of input and decoded output: " & StrComp(In_, bIn, vbBinaryCompare)
Debug.Print "A zero indicates both strings are equal."
End Sub
{{out}}
The first eighty and last eighty characters after encoding:
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgAAAAAAEAB
...
AAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=
Result of string comparison of input and decoded output: 0.
A zero indicates both strings are equal.
zkl
Using shared libraries for cURL and message hashing:
var [const] MsgHash=Import("zklMsgHash"), Curl=Import("zklCurl");
icon:=Curl().get("http://rosettacode.org/favicon.ico"); //-->(Data(4,331),693,0)
icon=icon[0][icon[1],*]; // remove header
b64:=MsgHash.base64encode(icon);
println("Is the Rosetta Code icon the same (byte for byte) encoded then decoded: ",
icon==MsgHash.base64decode(b64));
b64.println();
b64.text.println();
{{out}} Encoded to 72 characters per line
Is the Rosetta Code icon the same (byte for byte) encoded then decoded: True
Data(4,920)
AAABAAIAEBAAAAAAAABoBQAAJgAAACAgAAAAAAAAqAgAAI4FAAAoAAAAEAAAACAAAAABAAgA
AAAAAEABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAP///wCGiYcARkhHAL/CwAAmKScAam1rAOPm
...
AAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAEAAAAB
AAAAAQAAAAEAAAABAAAAAQAAAAE=