⚠️ Warning: This is a draft ⚠️
This means it might contain formatting issues, incorrect code, conceptual problems, or other severe issues.
If you want to help to improve and eventually enable this page, please fork RosettaGit's repository and open a merge request on GitHub.
{{task|Text processing}} Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each column are separated by at least one space. Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Use the following text to test your programs:
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
Note that:
The example input texts lines may, or may not, have trailing dollar characters.
All columns should share the same alignment.
Consecutive space characters produced adjacent to the end of lines are insignificant for the purposes of the task.
Output text will be viewed in a mono-spaced font on a plain text editor or basic terminal.
The minimum space between columns should be computed from the text and not hard-coded.
It is ''not'' a requirement to add separating characters between or around columns.
11l
{{trans|D}}
V txt = ‘Given$a$txt$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.’
V parts = txt.split("\n").map(line -> line.rtrim(‘$’).split(‘$’))
V max_widths = [0] * parts[0].len
L(line) parts
L(word) line
max_widths[L.index] = max(max_widths[L.index], word.len)
(String, Int -> String) ljust = (s, w) -> s‘’(‘ ’ * (w - s.len))
(String, Int -> String) centr = (s, w) -> (‘ ’ * (w - s.len - (w I/ 2 - s.len I/ 2)))‘’s‘’(‘ ’ * (w I/ 2 - s.len I/ 2))
(String, Int -> String) rjust = (s, w) -> (‘ ’ * (w - s.len))‘’s
L(justify) [ljust, centr, rjust]
print([‘Left’, ‘Center’, ‘Right’][L.index]‘ column-aligned output:’)
L(line) parts
L(word) line
print(justify(word, max_widths[L.index]), end' ‘ ’)
print()
print(‘- ’ * 52)
360 Assembly
* Align columns 12/04/2019
ALICOL CSECT
USING ALICOL,R13 base register
B 72(R15) skip savearea
DC 17F'0' savearea
SAVE (14,12) save previous context
ST R13,4(R15) link backward
ST R15,8(R13) link forward
LR R13,R15 set addressability
LA R8,1 i=1
DO WHILE=(C,R8,LE,=A(NI)) do r=1 to hbound(t)
LA R7,1 j=1
LA R6,L'T i=length(t)
DO WHILE=(C,R6,GE,=A(1)) do i=length(t) to 1 by -1
LR R1,R8 r
MH R1,=AL2(L'T) ~
LA R4,T-L'T(R1) t(r)
BCTR R4,0 -1
AR R4,R6 +i
MVC CI,0(R4) ci=substr(t(r),i,1)
CLI CI,C' ' if ci=' '
BE ITERI1 then iterate i
CLI CI,C'$' if ci='$'
BE ITERI1 then iterate i
LR R7,R6 j=i
B LEAVEI1 leave i
ITERI1 BCTR R6,0 i--
ENDDO , enddo i
LEAVEI1 LR R1,R8 r
MH R1,=AL2(L'T) ~
LA R4,T-L'T(R1) @t(r)
LA R2,WT @wt
LR R5,R7 j
ICM R5,B'1000',=C' ' padding
LA R3,L'T length(wt)
MVCL R2,R4 wt=substr(t(r),1,j)
LA R0,1 1
ST R0,I0 i0=1
SR R9,R9 c=0
LA R6,1 i=1
DO WHILE=(CR,R6,LE,R7) do i=1 to j
LA R4,WT-1 @wt
AR R4,R6 i
MVC CI(1),0(R4) ci=substr(wt,i,1)
IF CLI,CI,EQ,C'$' THEN if ci='$' then
BAL R14,SEQ call seq
LR R2,R6 i
LA R2,1(R2) +1
ST R2,I0 i0=i+1
ENDIF , endif
LA R6,1(R6) i++
ENDDO , enddo i
BAL R14,SEQ call seq
IF C,R9,GT,COLS THEN if c>cols then
ST R9,COLS cols=c
ENDIF , endif
LA R8,1(R8) r++
ENDDO , enddo r
LR R2,R8 r
BCTR R2,0 -1
ST R2,ROWS rows=r-1
LA R7,1 j=1
DO WHILE=(C,R7,LE,=A(3)) do j=1 to 3
XPRNT =C'--',2 print
LA R8,1 r=1
DO WHILE=(C,R8,LE,ROWS) do r=1 to rows
MVC PG,=CL120' ' pg=' '
LA R0,1 1
ST R0,IB ib=1
LA R9,1 c=1
DO WHILE=(C,R9,LE,COLS) do c=1 to cols
LR R1,R8 r
BCTR R1,0 -1
MH R1,=AL2(NJ) ~
AR R1,R9 c
MH R1,=AL2(L'WOR) ~
LA R4,WOR-L'WOR(R1) @wor(r,c)
MVC W,0(R4) w=wor(r,c)
LA R6,L'W i=length(w)
DO WHILE=(C,R6,GE,=A(1)) do i=length(w) to 1 by -1
LA R4,W-1 @w
AR R4,R6 i
MVC CI,0(R4) ci=substr(w,i,1)
CLI CI,C' ' if ci^=' '
BNE LEAVEI2 then goto leavei2;
BCTR R6,0 i--
ENDDO , enddo i
LEAVEI2 EQU * ~
IF LTR,R6,Z,R6 THEN if i=0 then
LA R10,1 l=1
ELSE , else
LR R10,R6 l=i
ENDIF , endif
IF C,R7,EQ,=F'1' THEN if j=1 then
L R11,IB ibx=ib
ENDIF , endif
IF C,R7,EQ,=F'2' THEN if j=2 then
LR R1,R9 c
SLA R1,2 ~
L R11,WID-L'WID(R1) wid(c)
A R11,IB +ib
SR R11,R10 ibx=ib+wid(c)-l
ENDIF , endif
IF C,R7,EQ,=F'3' THEN if j=3 then
LR R1,R9 c
SLA R1,2 ~
L R11,WID-L'WID(R1) wid(c)
SR R11,R10 -l
SRA R11,1 /2
A R11,IB ibx=ib+(wid(c)-l)/2
ENDIF , endif
LA R2,PG-1 @pg
AR R2,R11 +ibx
LR R3,R10 l
LA R4,W @w
LR R5,R10 l
MVCL R2,R4 substr(pg,ibx,l)=substr(w,1,l)
LR R1,R9 c
SLA R1,2 ~
L R2,WID-L'WID(R1) wid(c)
A R2,IB +ib
LA R2,1(R2) +1
ST R2,IB ib=ib+wid(c)+1
LA R9,1(R9) c++
ENDDO , enddo c
XPRNT PG,L'PG print
LA R8,1(R8) r++
ENDDO , enddo r
LA R7,1(R7) j++
ENDDO , enddo j
L R13,4(0,R13) restore previous savearea pointer
RETURN (14,12),RC=0 restore registers from calling sav
SEQ EQU * --begin seq
LA R9,1(R9) c=c+1
LR R10,R6 i
S R10,I0 l=i-i0
LA R4,WT-1 @wt
A R4,I0 +i0
LR R5,R10 l
ICM R5,B'1000',=C' ' padding
LR R1,R8 r
BCTR R1,0 -1
MH R1,=AL2(NJ) ~
AR R1,R9 +c
MH R1,=AL2(L'WOR) ~
LA R2,WOR-L'WOR(R1) @wor(r,c)
LA R3,L'WOR length(wor)
MVCL R2,R4 wor(r,c)=substr(wt,i0,l)
LR R1,R9 c
SLA R1,2 ~
L R2,WID-L'WID(R1) wid(c)
IF CR,R2,LT,R10 THEN if l>wid(c) then
LR R1,R9 c
SLA R1,2 ~
ST R10,WID-L'WID(R1) wid(c)=l
ENDIF , endif
BR R14 --end seq
NI EQU 6 ni
NJ EQU 12 nj
T DC CL68'Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$'
DC CL68'are$delineated$by$a$single$''dollar''$character,$write$a$progX
ramm'
DC CL68'that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$eX
ach$'
DC CL68'column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.'
DC CL68'Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$'
DC CL68'justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$coX
lumn.'
WOR DC (NI*NJ)CL10' ' wor(ni,nj) char(10)
WID DC 16F'0' wid(16)
COLS DC F'0'
ROWS DC F'0'
WT DS CL(L'T)
W DS CL(L'WOR)
CI DS CL1
I0 DS F
IB DS F
PG DS CL120
REGEQU
END ALICOL
{{out}}
--
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a programm
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
--
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a programm
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
--
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a programm
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
8th
quote | Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.|
var, raw-text
[] var, data
var width
: read-and-parse \ --
raw-text @
( "$" s:/ data @ swap a:push drop )
s:eachline ;
: find-widest \ -- n
data @ ( ( swap s:len nip n:max ) swap a:reduce ) 0 a:reduce ;
: print-data \ fmt --
width @ swap s:strfmt >r
data @
(
nip
(
nip
r@ s:strfmt .
) a:each drop
cr
) a:each drop rdrop ;
: app:main
read-and-parse
\ find widest column, and add one for the space:
find-widest n:1+ width !
\ print the data
cr "right:" . cr "%%>%ds" print-data
cr "left:" . cr "%%<%ds" print-data
cr "center:" . cr "%%|%ds" print-data
bye ;
{{out}}
right:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
left:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
center:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
ABAP
report z_align no standard page header.
start-of-selection.
data: lt_strings type standard table of string,
lv_strings type string.
append: 'Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$' to lt_strings,
'are$delineated$by$a$single$''dollar''$character,$write$a$program' to lt_strings,
'that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$' to lt_strings,
'column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.' to lt_strings,
'Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$' to lt_strings,
'justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.' to lt_strings.
types ty_strings type standard table of string.
perform align_col using 'LEFT' lt_strings.
skip.
perform align_col using 'RIGHT' lt_strings.
skip.
perform align_col using 'CENTER' lt_strings.
form align_col using iv_just type string iv_strings type ty_strings.
constants: c_del value '$'.
data: lv_string type string,
lt_strings type table of string,
lt_tables like table of lt_strings,
lv_first type string,
lv_second type string,
lv_longest type i value 0,
lv_off type i value 0,
lv_len type i.
" Loop through the supplied text. It is expected at the input is a table of strings, with each
" entry in the table representing a new line of the input.
loop at iv_strings into lv_string.
" Split the current line at the delimiter.
split lv_string at c_del into lv_first lv_second.
" Loop through the line splitting at every delimiter.
do.
append lv_first to lt_strings.
lv_len = strlen( lv_first ).
" Check if the length of the new string is greater than the currently stored length.
if lv_len > lv_longest.
lv_longest = lv_len.
endif.
if lv_second na c_del.
" Check if the string is longer than the recorded maximum.
lv_len = strlen( lv_second ).
if lv_len > lv_longest.
lv_longest = lv_len.
endif.
append lv_second to lt_strings.
exit.
endif.
split lv_second at c_del into lv_first lv_second.
enddo.
append lt_strings to lt_tables.
clear lt_strings.
endloop.
" Loop through each line of input.
loop at lt_tables into lt_strings.
" Loop through each word in the line (Separated by specified delimiter).
loop at lt_strings into lv_string.
lv_off = ( sy-tabix - 1 ) * ( lv_longest + 2 ).
case iv_just.
when 'LEFT'.
write : at (lv_longest) lv_string left-justified.
when 'RIGHT'.
write at (lv_longest) lv_string right-justified.
when 'CENTER'.
write at (lv_longest) lv_string centered.
endcase.
endloop.
skip.
sy-linno = sy-linno - 1.
endloop.
endform.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Ada
{{libheader|Simple components for Ada}}
```ada
with Ada.Characters.Latin_1; use Ada.Characters.Latin_1;
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
with Strings_Edit; use Strings_Edit;
procedure Column_Aligner is
Text : constant String :=
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" & NUL &
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" & NUL &
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" & NUL &
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." & NUL &
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" & NUL &
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column." & NUL;
File : File_Type;
Width : array (1..1_000) of Natural := (others => 0);
Line : String (1..200);
Column : Positive := 1;
Start : Positive := 1;
Pointer : Positive;
begin
Create (File, Out_File, "columned.txt");
-- Determining the widths of columns
for I in Text'Range loop
case Text (I) is
when '$' | NUL =>
Width (Column) := Natural'Max (Width (Column), I - Start + 1);
Start := I + 1;
if Text (I) = NUL then
Column := 1;
else
Column := Column + 1;
end if;
when others =>
null;
end case;
end loop;
-- Formatting
for Align in Alignment loop
Column := 1;
Start := 1;
Pointer := 1;
for I in Text'Range loop
case Text (I) is
when '$' | NUL =>
Put -- Formatted output of a word
( Destination => Line,
Pointer => Pointer,
Value => Text (Start..I - 1),
Field => Width (Column),
Justify => Align
);
Start := I + 1;
if Text (I) = NUL then
Put_Line (File, Line (1..Pointer - 1));
Pointer := 1;
Column := 1;
else
Column := Column + 1;
end if;
when others =>
null;
end case;
end loop;
end loop;
Close (File);
end Column_Aligner;
```
Formatted file sample:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Aime
```aime
data b;
file f;
text n, t;
list c, r, s;
integer a, i, k, m, w;
b = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$\n"
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program\n"
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$\n"
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.\n"
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$\n"
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.";
f.b_affix(b);
m = 0;
while (f.news(r, 0, 0, "$") ^ -1) {
c.append(r);
m = max(m, ~r);
}
i = 0;
while (i < m) {
w = 0;
for (, r in c) {
if (i < ~r) {
w = max(w, length(r[i]));
}
}
s.append(w + 1);
i += 1;
}
for (k, t in list("left", "center", "right")) {
o_(t, " justified\n");
for (, r in c) {
for (i, n in r) {
m = s[i] - ~n;
o_form("/w~3/~/w~1/", a = (2 - k) * m >> 1, "", m - a, "", n);
}
o_newline();
}
o_newline();
}
```
{{Out}}
```txt
left justified
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
center justified
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
right justified
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## ALGOL 68
```algol68
STRING nl = REPR 10;
STRING text in list := "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"+nl+
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"+nl+
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"+nl+
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."+nl+
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"+nl+
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.";
MODE PAGE = FLEX[0,0]STRING;
PAGE page;
PROC flex page = (PAGE in page, INT row, col)PAGE:(
HEAP FLEX[row, col]STRING out page;
out page[:1 UPB in page, :2 UPB in page] := in page;
FOR r TO row DO
FOR c FROM 2 UPB in page + 1 TO col DO out page[r,c]:="" OD
OD;
FOR r FROM 1 UPB in page + 1 TO row DO
FOR c FROM 1 TO col DO out page[r,c]:="" OD
OD;
out page
);
FILE text in file;
associate(text in file, text in list);
make term(text in file, "$");
on physical file end(text in file, (REF FILE skip)BOOL: stop iteration);
on logical file end(text in file, (REF FILE skip)BOOL: stop iteration);
FOR row DO
on line end(text in file, (REF FILE skip)BOOL: stop iteration);
FOR col DO
STRING tok;
getf(text in file, ($gx$,tok));
IF row > 1 UPB page THEN page := flex page(page, row, 2 UPB page) FI;
IF col > 2 UPB page THEN page := flex page(page, 1 UPB page, col) FI;
page[row,col]:=tok
OD;
stop iteration:
SKIP
OD;
stop iteration:
SKIP;
BEGIN
PROC aligner = (PAGE in page, PROC (STRING,INT)STRING aligner)VOID:(
PAGE page := in page;
[2 UPB page]INT max width;
FOR col TO 2 UPB page DO
INT max len:=0; FOR row TO UPB page DO IF UPB page[row,col]>max len THEN max len:=UPB page[row,col] FI OD;
FOR row TO UPB page DO page[row,col] := aligner(page[row,col], maxlen) OD
OD;
printf(($n(UPB page)(n(2 UPB page -1)(gx)gl)$,page))
);
PROC left = (STRING in, INT len)STRING: in + " "*(len - UPB in),
right = (STRING in, INT len)STRING: " "*(len - UPB in) + in,
centre = (STRING in, INT len)STRING: ( INT pad=len-UPB in; pad%2*" "+ in + (pad-pad%2)*" " );
[]STRUCT(STRING name, PROC(STRING,INT)STRING align) aligners = (("Left",left), ("Left",right), ("Centre",centre));
FOR index TO UPB aligners DO
print((new line, "# ",name OF aligners[index]," Column-aligned output:",new line));
aligner(page, align OF aligners[index])
OD
END
```
## AppleScript
Probably not the first language in which you would really choose to do this kind of thing, but certainly possible, and can be readily easily assembled from a set of generic primitives.
{{trans|JavaScript}}
```AppleScript
-- COLUMN ALIGNMENTS ---------------------------------------------------------
property pstrLines : ¬
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$\n" & ¬
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program\n" & ¬
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$\n" & ¬
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.\n" & ¬
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$\n" & ¬
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
property eLeft : -1
property eCenter : 0
property eRight : 1
-- columnsAligned :: EnumValue -> [[String]] -> String
on columnsAligned(eAlign, lstCols)
-- padwords :: Int -> [String] -> [[String]]
script padwords
on |λ|(n, lstWords)
-- pad :: String -> String
script pad
on |λ|(str)
set lngPad to n - (length of str)
if eAlign = my eCenter then
set lngHalf to lngPad div 2
{replicate(lngHalf, space), str, ¬
replicate(lngPad - lngHalf, space)}
else
if eAlign = my eLeft then
{"", str, replicate(lngPad, space)}
else
{replicate(lngPad, space), str, ""}
end if
end if
end |λ|
end script
map(pad, lstWords)
end |λ|
end script
unlines(map(my unwords, ¬
transpose(zipWith(padwords, ¬
map(my widest, lstCols), lstCols))))
end columnsAligned
-- lineColumns :: String -> String -> String
on lineColumns(strColDelim, strText)
-- _words :: Text -> [Text]
script _words
on |λ|(str)
splitOn(strColDelim, str)
end |λ|
end script
set lstRows to map(_words, splitOn(linefeed, pstrLines))
set nCols to widest(lstRows)
-- fullRow :: [[a]] -> [[a]]
script fullRow
on |λ|(lst)
lst & replicate(nCols - (length of lst), {""})
end |λ|
end script
transpose(map(fullRow, lstRows))
end lineColumns
-- widest [a] -> Int
on widest(xs)
|length|(maximumBy(comparing(my |length|), xs))
end widest
-- TEST ----------------------------------------------------------------------
on run
set lstCols to lineColumns("$", pstrLines)
script testAlignment
on |λ|(eAlign)
columnsAligned(eAlign, lstCols)
end |λ|
end script
intercalate(return & return, ¬
map(testAlignment, {eLeft, eRight, eCenter}))
end run
-- GENERIC FUNCTIONS ---------------------------------------------------------
-- comparing :: (a -> b) -> (a -> a -> Ordering)
on comparing(f)
set mf to mReturn(f)
script
on |λ|(a, b)
set x to mf's |λ|(a)
set y to mf's |λ|(b)
if x < y then
-1
else
if x > y then
1
else
0
end if
end if
end |λ|
end script
end comparing
-- foldl :: (a -> b -> a) -> a -> [b] -> a
on foldl(f, startValue, xs)
tell mReturn(f)
set v to startValue
set lng to length of xs
repeat with i from 1 to lng
set v to |λ|(v, item i of xs, i, xs)
end repeat
return v
end tell
end foldl
-- Text -> [Text] -> Text
on intercalate(strText, lstText)
set {dlm, my text item delimiters} to {my text item delimiters, strText}
set strJoined to lstText as text
set my text item delimiters to dlm
return strJoined
end intercalate
-- length :: [a] -> Int
on |length|(xs)
length of xs
end |length|
-- Lift 2nd class handler function into 1st class script wrapper
-- mReturn :: Handler -> Script
on mReturn(f)
if class of f is script then
f
else
script
property |λ| : f
end script
end if
end mReturn
-- map :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
on map(f, xs)
tell mReturn(f)
set lng to length of xs
set lst to {}
repeat with i from 1 to lng
set end of lst to |λ|(item i of xs, i, xs)
end repeat
return lst
end tell
end map
-- maximumBy :: (a -> a -> Ordering) -> [a] -> a
on maximumBy(f, xs)
set cmp to mReturn(f)
script max
on |λ|(a, b)
if a is missing value or cmp's |λ|(a, b) < 0 then
b
else
a
end if
end |λ|
end script
foldl(max, missing value, xs)
end maximumBy
-- min :: Ord a => a -> a -> a
on min(x, y)
if y < x then
y
else
x
end if
end min
-- Egyptian multiplication - progressively doubling a list, appending
-- stages of doubling to an accumulator where needed for binary
-- assembly of a target length
-- replicate :: Int -> a -> [a]
on replicate(n, a)
if class of a is string then
set out to ""
else
set out to {}
end if
if n < 1 then return out
set dbl to a
repeat while (n > 1)
if (n mod 2) > 0 then set out to out & dbl
set n to (n div 2)
set dbl to (dbl & dbl)
end repeat
return out & dbl
end replicate
-- Text -> Text -> [Text]
on splitOn(strDelim, strMain)
set {dlm, my text item delimiters} to {my text item delimiters, strDelim}
set lstParts to text items of strMain
set my text item delimiters to dlm
return lstParts
end splitOn
-- transpose :: [[a]] -> [[a]]
on transpose(xss)
script column
on |λ|(_, iCol)
script row
on |λ|(xs)
item iCol of xs
end |λ|
end script
map(row, xss)
end |λ|
end script
map(column, item 1 of xss)
end transpose
-- [Text] -> Text
on unlines(lstLines)
intercalate(linefeed, lstLines)
end unlines
-- [Text] -> Text
on unwords(lstWords)
intercalate(" ", lstWords)
end unwords
-- zipWith :: (a -> b -> c) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c]
on zipWith(f, xs, ys)
set lng to min(length of xs, length of ys)
set lst to {}
tell mReturn(f)
repeat with i from 1 to lng
set end of lst to |λ|(item i of xs, item i of ys)
end repeat
return lst
end tell
end zipWith
```
{{Out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## AutoHotkey
```AutoHotkey
Alignment := "L" ; Options: L, R, C
Text =
( LTrim
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
)
Loop, Parse, Text ; calculate column's width
If A_LoopField in $,`n
If (N > W)
W := N, N := 0
Else
N := 0
Else
++N
Width := ++W
Loop, Parse, Text, `n ; process each line
{
Words := StrSplit(A_LoopField, "$")
For i, Word in Words ; process each word
Line .= Align(Word, Alignment, Width)
Result .= RTrim(Line) . "`n"
Line := ""
}
Clipboard := Result ; present results
MsgBox, The results are in the Clipboard
Align(Pal, How, Width) { ; function for alignment
Length := StrLen(Pal)
If (How = "L")
Return Pal . Spc(Width - Length)
Else If (How = "R")
Return Spc(Width - Length) . Pal
Else If (How = "C")
Return Spc((Width - Length)//2) . Pal . Spc(Width - Length - (Width - Length)//2)
}
Spc(Number) { ; function to concatenate space characters
Loop, %Number%
Ret .= A_Space
Return Ret
}
```
## AutoIt
```AutoIt
; == If the given text is in an file, it will read with:
#include
Global $aRead
_FileReadToArray($sPath, $aRead) ; == $aRead[0] includes count of lines, every line stored in one item (without linebreak)
; == For example we get the same result with StringSplit()
Global $sText = _
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" & @CRLF & _
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" & @CRLF & _
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" & @CRLF & _
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." & @CRLF & _
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" & @CRLF & _
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column." & @CRLF
$aRead = StringSplit($sText, @CRLF, 1)
; == strip leading and trailing "$" and trailing spaces, count remaining "$" to get max column number
Global $iMaxColumn = 0, $iLines = 0
For $i = 1 To $aRead[0]
If $aRead[$i] = '' Then ContinueLoop ; skip empty lines
$iLines += 1
$aRead[$i] = StringRegExpReplace(StringRegExpReplace(StringRegExpReplace($aRead[$i], '^\$', ''), '\$$', ''), '\s*$', '')
StringReplace($aRead[$i], '$', '$')
If @extended +1 > $iMaxColumn Then $iMaxColumn = @extended +1
Next
; == build array to store all fields and length of every item
Global $aFields[$iLines][$iMaxColumn +1][2]
; == and store the max. length of item in columns
Global $aColLen[$iMaxColumn]
; == fill the array
Global $aSplitLine
$iLines = 0
For $i = 1 To $aRead[0]
If $aRead[$i] = '' Then ContinueLoop ; skip empty lines
$iMaxColLen = 0
$aSplitLine = StringSplit($aRead[$i], '$')
For $j = 1 To $aSplitLine[0]
$aFields[$iLines][$j-1][0] = $aSplitLine[$j]
$aFields[$iLines][$j-1][1] = StringLen($aSplitLine[$j])
If $aFields[$iLines][$j-1][1] > $aColLen[$j-1] Then $aColLen[$j-1] = $aFields[$iLines][$j-1][1]
Next
$iLines += 1
Next
; == let the user select the alignment for every column
$sAlign = InputBox('Column alignment', 'There are ' & $iMaxColumn & ' columns.' & @LF & '0 = left 1 = center 2 = right' & @LF & _
'Input alignment for all columns without delimiters.' & @LF & 'Let it empty, to align all left.')
If $sAlign = '' Then
For $i = 1 To $iMaxColumn
$sAlign &= '0'
Next
EndIf
Global $aAlignment = StringSplit($sAlign, '', 2)
; == output all to console
Global $sLineOut
For $i = 0 To UBound($aFields) -1
$sLineOut = ''
For $j = 0 To $iMaxColumn -1
If $aFields[$i][$j][0] = '' Then ContinueLoop
$sLineOut &= _GetAligned($aFields[$i][$j][0], $aFields[$i][$j][1], $aAlignment[$j], $aColLen[$j])
Next
ConsoleWrite(StringTrimRight($sLineOut, 1) & @LF)
Next
Func _GetAligned($_sString, $_iLen, $_iAlign, $_iMaxLen)
Local $sSpace = ''
For $i = 1 To $_iMaxLen
$sSpace &= ' '
Next
Switch $_iAlign
Case 0
Return $_sString & StringLeft($sSpace, $_iMaxLen - $_iLen +1)
Case 1
Local $iLenLeft = Int(($_iMaxLen - $_iLen)/2)
Local $iLenRight = $_iMaxLen - $iLenLeft - $_iLen
Return StringLeft($sSpace, $iLenLeft) & $_sString & StringLeft($sSpace, $iLenRight) & ' '
Case 2
Return StringLeft($sSpace, $_iMaxLen - $_iLen) & $_sString & ' '
EndSwitch
EndFunc ;==>_GetAligned
```
Example output in Alignment: left - center - right - left - center - right - left - center - right - left - center - right
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## AWK
```AWK
# syntax: GAWK -f ALIGN_COLUMNS.AWK ALIGN_COLUMNS.TXT
BEGIN {
colsep = " " # separator between columns
report("raw data")
}
{ printf("%s\n",$0)
arr[NR] = $0
n = split($0,tmp_arr,"$")
for (j=1; j<=n; j++) {
width = max(width,length(tmp_arr[j]))
}
}
END {
report("left justified")
report("right justified")
report("center justified")
exit(0)
}
function report(text, diff,i,j,l,n,r,tmp_arr) {
printf("\nreport: %s\n",text)
for (i=1; i<=NR; i++) {
n = split(arr[i],tmp_arr,"$")
if (tmp_arr[n] == "") { n-- }
for (j=1; j<=n; j++) {
if (text ~ /^[Ll]/) { # left
printf("%-*s%s",width,tmp_arr[j],colsep)
}
else if (text ~ /^[Rr]/) { # right
printf("%*s%s",width,tmp_arr[j],colsep)
}
else if (text ~ /^[Cc]/) { # center
diff = width - length(tmp_arr[j])
l = r = int(diff / 2)
if (diff != l + r) { r++ }
printf("%*s%s%*s%s",l,"",tmp_arr[j],r,"",colsep)
}
}
printf("\n")
}
}
function max(x,y) { return((x > y) ? x : y) }
```
Output:
```txt
report: raw data
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
report: left justified
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
report: right justified
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
report: center justified
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## BaCon
```freebasic
DECLARE in$[] = { "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$", \
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program", \
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$", \
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.", \
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$", \
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column." }
OPTION DELIM "$"
CONST items = 6
SUB Print_In_Columns(style)
' Find widest column
FOR y = 0 TO items-1
FOR x = 1 TO AMOUNT(in$[y])
IF LEN(TOKEN$(in$[y], x)) > max THEN max = LEN(TOKEN$(in$[y], x))
NEXT
NEXT
' Print aligned
FOR y = 0 TO items-1
FOR x = 1 TO AMOUNT(in$[y])
PRINT ALIGN$(TOKEN$(in$[y], x), max+1, style);
NEXT
PRINT
NEXT
PRINT
END SUB
Print_In_Columns(0)
Print_In_Columns(1)
Print_In_Columns(2)
```
{{out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Batch File
```dos
@echo off
setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
mode con cols=103
echo Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$ >file.txt
echo are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program! >>file.txt
echo that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$>>file.txt
echo column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.>>file.txt
echo Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$>>file.txt
echo justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.>>file.txt
for /f "tokens=1-13 delims=$" %%a in ('type file.txt') do (
call:maxlen %%a %%b %%c %%d %%e %%f %%g %%h %%i %%j %%k %%l %%m )
echo.
for /f "tokens=1-13 delims=$" %%a in ('type file.txt') do (
call:align 1 %%a %%b %%c %%d %%e %%f %%g %%h %%i %%j %%k %%l %%m )
echo.
for /f "tokens=1-13 delims=$" %%a in ('type file.txt') do (
call:align 2 %%a %%b %%c %%d %%e %%f %%g %%h %%i %%j %%k %%l %%m )
echo.
for /f "tokens=1-13 delims=$" %%a in ('type file.txt') do (
call:align 3 %%a %%b %%c %%d %%e %%f %%g %%h %%i %%j %%k %%l %%m )
exit /B
:maxlen &::sets variables len1 to len13
set "cnt=1"
:loop1
if "%1"=="" exit /b
call:strlen %1 length
if !len%cnt%! lss !length! set len%cnt%=!length!
set /a cnt+=1
shift
goto loop1
:align
setlocal
set cnt=1
set print=
:loop2
if "%2"=="" echo(%print%&endlocal & exit /b
set /a width=len%cnt%,cnt+=1
set arr=%2
if %1 equ 1 call:left %width% arr
if %1 equ 2 call:right %width% arr
if %1 equ 3 call:center %width% arr
set "print=%print%%arr% "
shift /2
goto loop2
:left %num% &string
setlocal
set "arr=!%2! "
set arr=!arr:~0,%1!
endlocal & set %2=%arr%
exit /b
:right %num% &string
setlocal
set "arr= !%2!"
set arr=!arr:~-%1!
endlocal & set %2=%arr%
exit /b
:center %num% &string
setlocal
set /a width=%1-1
set arr=!%2!
:loop3
if "!arr:~%width%,1!"=="" set "arr=%arr% "
if "!arr:~%width%,1!"=="" set "arr= %arr%"
if "!arr:~%width%,1!"=="" goto loop3
endlocal & set %2=%arr%
exit /b
:strlen StrVar &RtnVar
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
set "s=#%~1"
set "len=0"
for %%N in (4096 2048 1024 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1) do (
if "!s:~%%N,1!" neq "" set /a "len+=%%N" & set "s=!s:~%%N!"
)
endlocal & set %~2=%len%
exit /b
```
{{out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified right justified or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified right justified or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified right justified or center justified within its column.
```
## BASIC
=
## BBC BASIC
=
{{works with|BBC BASIC for Windows}}
```bbcbasic
DATA 6
DATA "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
DATA "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
DATA "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
DATA "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
DATA "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
DATA "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
REM First find the maximum length of a 'word':
max% = 0
READ nlines%
FOR Line% = 1 TO nlines%
READ text$
REPEAT
word$ = FNword(text$, "$")
IF LEN(word$) > max% THEN max% = LEN(word$)
UNTIL word$ = ""
NEXT Line%
@% = max% : REM set column width
REM Now display the aligned text:
RESTORE
READ nlines%
FOR Line% = 1 TO nlines%
READ text$
REPEAT
word$ = FNword(text$, "$")
PRINT FNjustify(word$, max%, "left"),;
UNTIL word$ = ""
PRINT
NEXT Line%
END
DEF FNword(text$, delim$)
PRIVATE delim%
LOCAL previous%
IF delim% = 0 THEN
previous% = 1
ELSE
previous% = delim% + LEN(delim$)
ENDIF
delim% = INSTR(text$+delim$, delim$, previous%)
IF delim% = 0 THEN
= ""
ELSE
= MID$(text$, previous%, delim%-previous%) + " "
ENDIF
DEF FNjustify(word$, field%, mode$)
IF word$ = "" THEN = ""
CASE mode$ OF
WHEN "center": = STRING$((field%-LEN(word$)) DIV 2, " ") + word$
WHEN "right": = STRING$(field%-LEN(word$), " ") + word$
ENDCASE
= word$
```
=
## Commodore BASIC
=
```basic
10 rem ********************************
20 rem print words in columns
30 rem commodore basic 2.0
40 rem ********************************
50 print chr$(14) : rem change to upper/lower case set
60 gosub 140 : rem find length of longest word
70 algn$ = "left"
80 gosub 260 : rem print aligned text
90 algn$ = "center"
100 gosub 260
110 algn$ = "right"
120 gosub 260
130 end
140 rem *** find length of longest word
150 mx=0
160 for i=1 to 6
170 read a$
180 n=1
190 for j=1 to len(a$)
200 if mid$(a$,j,1)<>"$" then n=n+1: goto 230
210 if mx"$" then n=n+1 : goto 380
360 gosub 440 : rem print word
370 n=1
380 next
390 if n>1 then gosub 440
400 next
410 print
420 return
430 rem ********* print word **********
440 b$ = mid$(a$,j-n+1,n-1)
450 b = len(b$)
460 if algn$ = "center" then 520
470 if algn$ = "right" then 570
480 if c+b<40 and c+mx>40 then print b$: c=1: return
490 if c+mx>40 then print : c=1
500 print b$;left$(s$,mx-b);: c=c+mx
510 return
520 if c+mx>40 then print : c=1
530 bb=(mx-b)/2 : ba=bb
540 if bb>1 and int(bb)=bb then ba=bb-1
550 print left$(s$,ba);b$;left$(s$,bb);: c=c+mx
560 return
570 if c+mx>40 then print : c=1
580 print left$(s$,mx-b);b$;: c=c+mx
590 return
600 rem *********** the words *********
610 data "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
620 data "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
630 data "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
640 data "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
650 data "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
660 data "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column"
```
## C
See [[Column Aligner/C]]
## C#
Uses a delegate, which were added to the language in C# 2, to define left-, right-, or center-justified.
{{works with|C sharp|C#|2+}}
```c#
using System;
class ColumnAlignerProgram
{
delegate string Justification(string s, int width);
static string[] AlignColumns(string[] lines, Justification justification)
{
const char Separator = '$';
// build input table and calculate columns count
string[][] table = new string[lines.Length][];
int columns = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < lines.Length; i++)
{
string[] row = lines[i].TrimEnd(Separator).Split(Separator);
if (columns < row.Length) columns = row.Length;
table[i] = row;
}
// create formatted table
string[][] formattedTable = new string[table.Length][];
for (int i = 0; i < formattedTable.Length; i++)
{
formattedTable[i] = new string[columns];
}
for (int j = 0; j < columns; j++)
{
// get max column width
int columnWidth = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < table.Length; i++)
{
if (j < table[i].Length && columnWidth < table[i][j].Length)
columnWidth = table[i][j].Length;
}
// justify column cells
for (int i = 0; i < formattedTable.Length; i++)
{
if (j < table[i].Length)
formattedTable[i][j] = justification(table[i][j], columnWidth);
else
formattedTable[i][j] = new String(' ', columnWidth);
}
}
// create result
string[] result = new string[formattedTable.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < result.Length; i++)
{
result[i] = String.Join(" ", formattedTable[i]);
}
return result;
}
static string JustifyLeft(string s, int width) { return s.PadRight(width); }
static string JustifyRight(string s, int width) { return s.PadLeft(width); }
static string JustifyCenter(string s, int width)
{
return s.PadLeft((width + s.Length) / 2).PadRight(width);
}
static void Main()
{
string[] input = {
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$",
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program",
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$",
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.",
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$",
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.",
};
foreach (string line in AlignColumns(input, JustifyCenter))
{
Console.WriteLine(line);
}
}
}
```
{{out}} (centered):
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## C++
See [[Column Aligner/C++]]
## Clojure
```Clojure
(ns rosettacode.align-columns
(:require [clojure.contrib.string :as str]))
(def data "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.")
(def table (map #(str/split #"\$" %) (str/split-lines data)))
(defn col-width [n table] (reduce max (map #(try (count (nth % n))
(catch Exception _ 0))
table)))
(defn spaces [n] (str/repeat n " "))
(defn add-padding
"if the string is too big turncate it, else return a string with padding"
[string width justification]
(if (>= (count string) width) (str/take width string)
(let [pad-len (int (- width (count string))) ;we don't want rationals
half-pad-len (int (/ pad-len 2))]
(case justification
:right (str (spaces pad-len) string)
:left (str string (spaces pad-len))
:center (str (spaces half-pad-len) string (spaces (- pad-len half-pad-len)))))))
(defn aligned-table
"get the width of each column, then generate a new table with propper padding for eath item"
([table justification]
(let [col-widths (map #(+ 2 (col-width % table)) (range (count(first table))))]
(map
(fn [row] (map #(add-padding %1 %2 justification) row col-widths))
table))))
(defn print-table
[table]
(do (println)
(print (str/join "" (flatten (interleave table (repeat "\n")))))))
(print-table (aligned-table table :center))
```
## COBOL
```cobol
identification division.
program-id. AlignColumns.
data division.
working-storage section.
*>-> Constants
78 MAX-LINES value 6.
78 MAX-LINE-SIZE value 66.
78 MAX-COLUMNS value 12.
78 MAX-COLUMN-SIZE value 16.
*>-> Indexes
01 w-idx pic is 9(2).
01 w-idy pic is 9(2).
01 w-pos pic is 9(3).
*>-> Data structures
01 w-lines.
05 w-line pic is x(MAX-LINE-SIZE) occurs MAX-LINES.
01 w-column-sizes.
05 w-column-size pic is 99 occurs MAX-COLUMNS value zeros.
01 w-matrix.
05 filler occurs MAX-LINES.
10 filler occurs MAX-COLUMNS.
15 w-content pic is x(MAX-COLUMN-SIZE).
*>-> Output
01 w-line-out pic is x(120).
*>-> Data alignment
01 w-alignment pic is x(1).
88 alignment-left value is "L".
88 alignment-center value is "C".
88 alignment-right value is "R".
procedure division.
main.
move "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" to w-line(1)
move "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" to w-line(2)
move "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" to w-line(3)
move "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." to w-line(4)
move "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" to w-line(5)
move "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column." to w-line(6)
perform calculate-size-columns
set alignment-left to true
perform show-content
set alignment-center to true
perform show-content
set alignment-right to true
perform show-content
goback
.
calculate-size-columns.
perform
varying w-idx from 1 by 1
until w-idx > MAX-LINES
unstring w-line(w-idx) delimited by "$" into w-content(w-idx, 1), w-content(w-idx, 2),
w-content(w-idx, 3), w-content(w-idx, 4), w-content(w-idx, 5), w-content(w-idx, 6),
w-content(w-idx, 7), w-content(w-idx, 8), w-content(w-idx, 9), w-content(w-idx, 10),
w-content(w-idx, 11), w-content(w-idx, 12),
perform
varying w-idy from 1 by 1
until w-idy > MAX-COLUMNS
if function stored-char-length(w-content(w-idx, w-idy)) > w-column-size(w-idy)
move function stored-char-length(w-content(w-idx, w-idy)) to w-column-size(w-idy)
end-if
end-perform
end-perform
.
show-content.
move all "-" to w-line-out
display w-line-out
perform
varying w-idx from 1 by 1
until w-idx > MAX-LINES
move spaces to w-line-out
move 1 to w-pos
perform
varying w-idy from 1 by 1
until w-idy > MAX-COLUMNS
call "C$JUSTIFY" using w-content(w-idx, w-idy)(1:w-column-size(w-idy)), w-alignment
move w-content(w-idx, w-idy) to w-line-out(w-pos:w-column-size(w-idy))
compute w-pos = w-pos + w-column-size(w-idy) + 1
end-perform
display w-line-out
end-perform
.
```
{{out}}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## CoffeeScript
```coffeescript
pad = (n) ->
s = ''
while n > 0
s += ' '
n -= 1
s
align = (input, alignment = 'center') ->
tokenized_lines = (line.split '$' for line in input)
col_widths = {}
for line in tokenized_lines
for token, i in line
if !col_widths[i]? or token.length > col_widths[i]
col_widths[i] = token.length
padders =
center: (s, width) ->
excess = width - s.length
left = Math.floor excess / 2
right = excess - left
pad(left) + s + pad(right)
right: (s, width) ->
excess = width - s.length
pad(excess) + s
left: (s, width) ->
excess = width - s.length
s + pad(excess)
padder = padders[alignment]
for line in tokenized_lines
padded_tokens = (padder(token, col_widths[i]) for token, i in line)
console.log padded_tokens.join ' '
input = [
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
]
for alignment in ['center', 'right', 'left']
console.log "\n----- #{alignment}"
align input, alignment
```
{{out}}
> coffee align_columns.coffee
----- center
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
----- right
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
----- left
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Common Lisp
```lisp
(defun nonempty (seq)
(position-if (lambda (x) (declare (ignore x)) t) seq))
(defun split (delim seq)
"Splits seq on delim into a list of subsequences. Trailing empty
subsequences are removed."
(labels
((f (seq &aux (pos (position delim seq)))
(if pos
(cons
(subseq seq 0 pos)
(f (subseq seq (1+ pos))))
(list seq))))
(let* ((list (f seq))
(end (position-if #'nonempty list :from-end t)))
(subseq list 0 (1+ end)))))
(defun lengthen (list minlen filler-elem &aux (len (length list)))
"Destructively pads list with filler-elem up to minlen."
(if (< len minlen)
(nconc list (make-list (- minlen len) :initial-element filler-elem))
list))
(defun align-columns (text
&key (align :left)
&aux
(fmtmod (case align
(:left "@")
(:right ":")
(:center "@:")
(t (error "Invalid alignment."))))
(fields (mapcar (lambda (line) (split #\$ line))
(split #\Newline text)))
(mostcols (loop for l in fields
maximize (length l)))
widest)
(setf fields (mapcar (lambda (l) (lengthen l mostcols ""))
fields))
(setf widest (loop for col below (length (first fields))
collect (loop for row in fields
maximize (length (elt row col)))))
(format nil
(with-output-to-string (s)
(princ "~{~{" s)
(dolist (w widest)
(format s "~~~d~a<~~a~~>" (1+ w) fmtmod))
(princ "~}~%~}" s))
fields))
```
## D
```d
void main() {
import std.stdio, std.string, std.algorithm, std.range, std.typetuple;
immutable data =
"Given$a$txt$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
.split.map!(r => r.chomp("$").split("$")).array;
size_t[size_t] maxWidths;
foreach (const line; data)
foreach (immutable i, const word; line)
maxWidths[i] = max(maxWidths.get(i, 0), word.length);
foreach (immutable just; TypeTuple!(leftJustify, center, rightJustify))
foreach (immutable line; data)
writefln("%-(%s %)", line.length.iota
.map!(i => just(line[i], maxWidths[i], ' ')));
}
```
{{out}}
```txt
Given a txt file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a txt file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a txt file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Delphi
{{libheader|Delphi StdCtrls, Classes, SysUtils, StrUtils, Contnrs}}
```Delphi
USES
StdCtrls, Classes, SysUtils, StrUtils, Contnrs;
procedure AlignByColumn(Output: TMemo; Align: TAlignment);
const
TextToAlign =
'Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$'#$D#$A +
'are$delineated$by$a$single$''dollar''$character,$write$a$program'#$D#$A +
'that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$'#$D#$A +
'column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.'#$D#$A +
'Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$'#$D#$A +
'justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.';
var
TextLine, TempTString: TStringlist;
TextLines: TObjectList;
MaxLength, i, j: Byte;
OutPutString, EmptyString, Item: String;
begin
TRY
MaxLength := 0;
TextLines := TObjectList.Create(True);
TextLine := TStringList.Create;
TextLine.text := TextToAlign;
for i:= 0 to TextLine.Count - 1 do
begin
TempTString := TStringlist.create;
TempTString.text :=AnsiReplaceStr(TextLine[i], '$', #$D#$A);
TextLines.Add(TempTString);
end;
for i := 0 to TextLines.Count - 1 do
for j := 0 to TStringList(TextLines.Items[i]).Count - 1 do
If Length(TStringList(TextLines.Items[i])[j]) > MaxLength then
MaxLength := Length(TStringList(TextLines.Items[i])[j]);
If MaxLength > 0 then
MaxLength := MaxLength + 2; // Add to empty spaces to it
for i := 0 to TextLines.Count - 1 do
begin
OutPutString := '';
for j := 0 to TStringList(TextLines.Items[i]).Count - 1 do
begin
EmptyString := StringOfChar(' ', MaxLength);
Item := TStringList(TextLines.Items[i])[j];
case Align of
taLeftJustify: Move(Item[1], EmptyString[2], Length(Item));
taRightJustify: Move(Item[1], EmptyString[MaxLength - Length(Item) + 1], Length(Item));
taCenter: Move(Item[1], EmptyString[(MaxLength - Length(Item) + 1) div 2 + 1], Length(Item));
end;
OutPutString := OutPutString + EmptyString;
end;
Output.Lines.Add(OutPutString);
end;
FINALLY
FreeAndNil(TextLine);
FreeAndNil(TextLines);
END;
end;
```
## E
```e
pragma.enable("accumulator")
def left(width, word) {
return word + " " * (width - word.size())
}
def center(width, word) {
def leftCount := (width - word.size()) // 2
return " " * leftCount + word + " " * (width - word.size() - leftCount)
}
def right(width, word) {
return " " * (width - word.size()) + word
}
def alignColumns(align, text) {
def split := accum [] for line in text.split("\n") { _.with(line.split("$")) }
var widths := []
for line in split {
for i => word in line {
widths with= (i, widths.fetch(i, fn{0}).max(word.size()))
}
}
return accum "" for line in split {
_ + accum "" for i => word in line {
_ + align(widths[i] + 1, word)
} + "\n"
}
}
```
```e
? def text := "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."; null
? println(alignColumns(left, text))
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
? println(alignColumns(center, text))
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
? println(alignColumns(right, text))
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Elixir
{{trans|Ruby}}
{{works with|Elixir|1.3}}
The String module of Elixir doesn't have the function of the center position adjusting.
It calls and processes the function of 'Erlang'.
```elixir
defmodule Align do
def columns(text, alignment) do
fieldsbyrow = String.split(text, "\n", trim: true)
|> Enum.map(fn row -> String.split(row, "$", trim: true) end)
maxfields = Enum.map(fieldsbyrow, fn field -> length(field) end) |> Enum.max
colwidths = Enum.map(fieldsbyrow, fn field -> field ++ List.duplicate("", maxfields - length(field)) end)
|> List.zip
|> Enum.map(fn column ->
Tuple.to_list(column) |> Enum.map(fn col-> String.length(col) end) |> Enum.max
end)
Enum.each(fieldsbyrow, fn row ->
Enum.zip(row, colwidths)
|> Enum.map(fn {field, width} -> adjust(field, width, alignment) end)
|> Enum.join(" ") |> IO.puts
end)
end
defp adjust(field, width, :Left), do: String.pad_trailing(field, width)
defp adjust(field, width, :Right), do: String.pad_leading(field, width)
defp adjust(field, width, _), do: :string.centre(String.to_charlist(field), width)
end
text = """
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
"""
Enum.each([:Left, :Right, :Center], fn alignment ->
IO.puts "\n# #{alignment} Column-aligned output:"
Align.columns(text, alignment)
end)
```
{{out}}
```txt
# Left Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
# Right Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
# Center Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Erlang
```erlang
-module (align_columns).
-export([align_left/0, align_right/0, align_center/0]).
-define (Lines,
["Given\$a\$text\$file\$of\$many\$lines\$where\$fields\$within\$a\$line\$",
"are\$delineated\$by\$a\$single\$'dollar'\$character,\$write\$a\$program",
"that\$aligns\$each\$column\$of\$fields\$by\$ensuring\$that\$words\$in\$each\$",
"column\$are\$separated\$by\$at\$least\$one\$space.",
"Further,\$allow\$for\$each\$word\$in\$a\$column\$to\$be\$either\$left\$",
"justified,\$right\$justified,\$or\$center\$justified\$within\$its\$column."].
align_left()-> align_columns(left).
align_right()-> align_columns(right).
align_center()-> align_columns(centre).
align_columns(Alignment) ->
Words = [ string:tokens(Line, "\$") || Line <- ?Lines ],
Words_length = lists:foldl( fun max_length/2, [], Words),
Result = [prepare_line(Words_line, Words_length, Alignment)
|| Words_line <- Words],
[ io:fwrite("~s~n", [lists:flatten(Line)]) || Line <- Result],
ok.
max_length(Words_of_a_line, Acc_maxlength) ->
Line_lengths = [length(W) || W <- Words_of_a_line ],
Max_nb_of_length = lists:max([length(Acc_maxlength), length(Line_lengths)]),
Line_lengths_prepared = adjust_list (Line_lengths, Max_nb_of_length, 0),
Acc_maxlength_prepared = adjust_list(Acc_maxlength, Max_nb_of_length, 0),
Two_lengths =lists:zip(Line_lengths_prepared, Acc_maxlength_prepared),
[ lists:max([A, B]) || {A, B} <- Two_lengths].
adjust_list(L, Desired_length, Elem) ->
L++lists:duplicate(Desired_length - length(L), Elem).
prepare_line(Words_line, Words_length, Alignment) ->
All_words = adjust_list(Words_line, length(Words_length), ""),
Zipped = lists:zip (All_words, Words_length),
[ apply(string, Alignment, [Word, Length + 1, $\s])
|| {Word, Length} <- Zipped].
```
{{out}}
```txt
1> c(align_columns).
{ok,align_columns}
2> align_columns:align_center().
Given a text file of many lines where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
ok
3> align_columns:align_left().
Given a text file of many lines where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
ok
4> align_columns:align_right().
Given a text file of many lines where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
ok
```
## Euphoria
```euphoria
constant data = {
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$",
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program",
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$",
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.",
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$",
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
}
function split(sequence s, integer c)
sequence out
integer first, delim
out = {}
first = 1
while first<=length(s) do
delim = find_from(c,s,first)
if delim = 0 then
delim = length(s)+1
end if
out = append(out,s[first..delim-1])
first = delim + 1
end while
return out
end function
function align(sequence s, integer width, integer alignment)
integer n
n = width - length(s)
if n <= 0 then
return s
elsif alignment < 0 then
return s & repeat(' ', n)
elsif alignment > 0 then
return repeat(' ', n) & s
else
return repeat(' ', floor(n/2)) & s & repeat(' ', floor(n/2+0.5))
end if
end function
integer maxlen
sequence lines
maxlen = 0
lines = repeat(0,length(data))
for i = 1 to length(data) do
lines[i] = split(data[i],'$')
for j = 1 to length(lines[i]) do
if length(lines[i][j]) > maxlen then
maxlen = length(lines[i][j])
end if
end for
end for
for a = -1 to 1 do
for i = 1 to length(lines) do
for j = 1 to length(lines[i]) do
puts(1, align(lines[i][j],maxlen,a) & ' ')
end for
puts(1,'\n')
end for
puts(1,'\n')
end for
```
{{out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
=={{header|F_Sharp|F#}}==
```fsharp
open System
open System.IO
let tableFromPath path =
let lines =
[ for line in File.ReadAllLines(path) -> (line.TrimEnd('$').Split('$')) ]
let width = List.fold (fun max (line : string[]) -> if max < line.Length then line.Length else max) 0 lines
List.map (fun (a : string[]) -> (List.init width (fun i -> if i < a.Length then a.[i] else ""))) lines
let rec trans m =
match m with
| []::_ -> []
| _ -> (List.map List.head m) :: trans (List.map List.tail m)
let colWidth table =
List.map (fun col -> List.max (List.map String.length col)) (trans table)
let left = (fun (s : string) n -> s.PadRight(n))
let right = (fun (s : string) n -> s.PadLeft(n))
let center = (fun (s : string) n -> s.PadLeft((n + s.Length) / 2).PadRight(n))
[]
let main argv =
let table = tableFromPath argv.[0]
let width = Array.ofList (colWidth table)
let format table align =
List.map (fun (row : string list) -> List.mapi (fun i s -> sprintf "%s" (align s width.[i])) row) table
|> List.iter (fun row -> printfn "%s" (String.Join(" ", Array.ofList row)))
for align in [ left; right; center ] do
format table align
printfn "%s" (new String('-', (Array.sum width) + width.Length - 1))
0
```
Output, when called with a file containing the sample input
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
```
## Factor
```factor
USING: fry io kernel math math.functions math.order sequences
splitting strings ;
IN: rosetta.column-aligner
CONSTANT: example-text "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
: split-and-pad ( text -- lines )
"\n" split [ "$" split harvest ] map
dup [ length ] [ max ] map-reduce
'[ _ "" pad-tail ] map ;
: column-widths ( columns -- widths )
[ [ length ] [ max ] map-reduce ] map ;
SINGLETONS: +left+ +middle+ +right+ ;
GENERIC: align-string ( str n alignment -- str' )
M: +left+ align-string drop CHAR: space pad-tail ;
M: +right+ align-string drop CHAR: space pad-head ;
M: +middle+ align-string
drop
over length - 2 /
[ floor CHAR: space ]
[ ceiling CHAR: space ] bi surround ;
: align-columns ( columns alignment -- columns' )
[ dup column-widths ] dip '[
[ _ align-string ] curry map
] 2map ;
: print-aligned ( text alignment -- )
[ split-and-pad flip ] dip align-columns flip
[ [ write " " write ] each nl ] each ;
```
example-text { +left+ +middle+ +right+ } [ print-aligned ] with each
## FBSL
Using a multiline string:
```qbasic
#APPTYPE CONSOLE
DIM s = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
DIM lines[] = SPLIT(s, CRLF), tokens[], l, t, length, margin, justify = "center"
FOREACH l IN lines
tokens = SPLIT(l, "$")
FOREACH t IN tokens
IF STRLEN(t) > length THEN length = INCR(STRLEN)
NEXT
NEXT
FOREACH l IN lines
tokens = SPLIT(l, "$")
FOREACH t IN tokens
SELECT CASE justify
CASE "left"
PRINT t, SPACE(length - STRLEN(t));
CASE "center"
margin = (length - STRLEN(t)) \ 2
PRINT SPACE(margin), t, SPACE(length - STRLEN - margin);
CASE "right"
PRINT SPACE(length - STRLEN(t)), t;
END SELECT
NEXT
PRINT
NEXT
PAUSE
```
{{out}}
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Press any key to continue...
## Forth
{{works with|GNU Forth}}
```forth
\ align columns
: split ( addr len char -- addr len1 addr len-len1 )
>r 2dup r> scan 2swap 2 pick - ;
variable column
: for-each-line ( file len xt -- )
>r begin #lf split r@ execute 1 /string dup 0<= until 2drop rdrop ;
: for-each-field ( line len xt -- )
0 column !
>r begin '$ split r@ execute 1 column +! 1 /string dup 0<= until 2drop rdrop ;
0 value num-columns
: count-columns ( line len -- )
['] 2drop for-each-field
num-columns column @ max to num-columns ;
: find-num-columns ( file len -- )
0 to num-columns
['] count-columns for-each-line ;
0 value column-widths
: column-width ( field len -- )
column-widths column @ + c@
max
column-widths column @ + c!
drop ;
: measure-widths ( line len -- )
['] column-width for-each-field ;
: find-column-widths ( file len -- )
num-columns allocate throw to column-widths
column-widths num-columns erase
['] measure-widths for-each-line ;
\ type aligned, same naming convention as standard numeric U.R, .R
: type.l ( addr len width -- )
over - >r type r> spaces ;
: type.c ( addr len width -- )
over - dup 2/ spaces >r type r> 1+ 2/ spaces ;
: type.r ( addr len width -- )
over - spaces type ;
defer type.aligned
: print-field ( field len -- )
column-widths column @ + c@ type.aligned space ;
: print-line ( line len -- ) cr ['] print-field for-each-field ;
: print-fields ( file len -- ) ['] print-line for-each-line ;
\ read file
s" columns.txt" slurp-file ( file len )
\ scan once to determine num-columns
2dup find-num-columns
\ scan again to determine column-widths
2dup find-column-widths
\ print columns, once for each alignment type
' type.l is type.aligned 2dup print-fields cr
' type.c is type.aligned 2dup print-fields cr
' type.r is type.aligned 2dup print-fields cr
\ cleanup
nip free throw
column-widths free throw
```
## Fortran
For the general situation, a utility has no knowledge of the maximum number of fields in a record nor the maximum length of a record, still less knowledge of the sizes of the fields in the records. Decent file systems (for example, that of the Burroughs 6700) make available the MaxRecordLength of a file when a file is opened, but many systems are less than helpful. It is possible to open a file as UNFORMATTED and then simply read sequences of binary data to be interpreted to taste, but in the ASCII world that means deciding on record markers being CR, CRLF, LF, or LFCR and I have encountered files with mixtures... In any case, a file with a fixed record length will likely not contain any such markers.
The plan here is to read the file to find out. But, given that the maximum record length ''is'' unknown, reading records into some storage area is problematical. Some systems can create a "string" variable via the read statement that will be of the proper size, but older Fortran works always with storage sizes fixed at compile time. However, after F77 started being extended, a common extension was the Q-element in FORMAT statements, which instead of interpreting the content of a record, reports instead the number of characters yet unread in a record. Thus, a statement like READ(in,"(Q)") L will read a record of input and the first action is to place in variable L the number of characters yet to be processed of that record. Since the content of the record is not being transferred, there is no need for a CHARACTER area of sufficient size to receive all of it. Indeed here, nothing is read. As for the LF/CRLF/LFCR/CR issue, with FORMATTED input the file system makes its decision and presents record content without incorporating such out-of-context data.
When data are being read into a CHARACTER variable, once the receiver is filled subsequent data in a long record will be ignored, and if the input record was smaller than the variable, trailing spaces will be supplied to fill out the variable. It is for this reason that the read statement is READ (IN,11,END = 20) L,ACARD(1:L) so that, ''on-the-fly'', the length of the record is determined, and then only that number of characters are placed in ACARD with no (possibly large number of) trailing spaces being appended. Naturally, subsequent inspection of ACARD will have to be careful not to look beyond character L, where detritus from previous usage will languish.
Once the main programme has ascertained the maximum record length, subroutine RAKE can be invoked with this as a parameter. From F90 on, as introduced by Algol in the 1960s, functions and subroutines have been allowed to declare arrays of a size specified by a variable and so the "surely big enough" issue is reduced. Thus, given a maximum length of M, a record containing M field delimiters can represent M + 1 fields, all null. The last field's delimiter is the end-of-record, so one more. It is also possible to use ALLOCATE(...) to request storage of suitable dimension for a variable within a routine, but that introduces verbiage. So, a programme can request just enough storage for its particular tasks and thereby possibly succeed on a problem too large for an always-big-enough storage scheme, but on the other hand, the fixed storage allocation scheme doesn't suddenly run out in the middle of a job.
Accordingly, a second scan of the records of the text file can be made, with a view to ascertaining the maximum widths for the first, second, etc. columns. This is done by storing in array C the positions of the delimiters in the text, so the content of a field ''i'' on a record will be starting with C(I - 1) + 1, and ending with C(I) - 1, - that is, the first character following a delimiter to the last character before a delimiter. In other words, the delimiter is not a part of the field's content. For convenience in this, C(0) = 0, since the first field is number one, and the last field's delimiter is one past the end of the record. Having an array start with non-default bounds is a feature of F90, similarly the array assignment that tracks the maximum field widths in array W. The specification makes no call for leading or trailing spaces in a field's content to be trimmed; if it did then two sets of fingers would be used to mark the first and last position of each text. Happily, there is also no call to recognise quoted texts, that might contain delimiter characters that are not delimiters.
Equipped at last with knowledge of each column's maximum width, yet another pass can be made through the file to produce the output. A feature of the format code A''w'' is that text is aligned to the right within the width of ''w''. So, concoct a FORMAT text with suitable A''w'' entries, also augmenting the width by one for each column to meet the requirement that each column's content is separated from the others by at least one space. This concoction is easy enough, and could be improved by taking advantage of the "factoring" that format statements allow so that for example "A7,A7" can be replaced by "2A7", and further, bracketing of sequences is allowed and with repeat counts for them also. Alas, finding the minimum sequence is in general a very difficult problem, so no attempt is made. As for "sufficient storage" for the FORMAT variable, a two-digit width specification seems sufficient so each field's format code would be "A''dd''," - four characters. Only later Fortran allows the I0 format code, meaning that an integer will be written only with sufficient digits, not a fixed "sufficiency" of digits. A pity the code for this isn't just "I" rather than "I0" which implies a width of zero.
A difficulty now arises in terminating the format text with the closing bracket. This is done by searching for the sequence ", " and replacing the comma by the closing bracket. This is present only because format 21 specifies as a repeat count. If it were say 666 instead, after the last W value was written the format processing would cycle back to its next repetition, write out an "A", then stop since there is no W value to write via the "I0" format code. Thus, the format text ends ",A" and the INDEX fails to find the desired ", ". It could instead search for ",A " (just ",A" would stop on the second field's format code) but ", " seems clear. The usage is standard only for recent Fortran. Formatted output opportunities are many and options numerous. Other schemes could be used, such as the write statement specifying the text literals in its items, but that would require an implied-DO output list and it seemed nicer to be able to use the array specification W(1:MF) instead.
Given a FORMAT text that produces output in aligned columns makes it easy enough to meet the other requirements. To cause texts to be aligned left, append sufficient spaces to each output text, and for centred text, half that number. This relies on the special intrinsic function REPEAT(text,n) returning a varying number of characters - CHARACTER functions have to return a ''fixed'' number of characters, until the standardisation of varying-length strings in F2003 ''et seq''. Earlier Fortrans lack the REPEAT function, but its effect can be gained via something like CHARACTER*66 SPACE, where SPACE is set to spaces, and SPACE(1:N) is used where REPEAT(" ",N) is desired. And if messing with variable FORMAT is unwanted, the REPEAT scheme can be used for the right-justified output also.
```Fortran
SUBROUTINE RAKE(IN,M,X,WAY) !Casts forth text in fixed-width columns.
Collates column widths so that each column is wide enough for its widest member.
INTEGER IN !Fingers the input file.
INTEGER M !Maximum record length thereof.
CHARACTER*1 X !The delimiter, possibly a comma.
INTEGER WAY !Alignment style.
INTEGER W(M + 1) !If every character were X in the maximum-length record,
INTEGER C(0:M + 1) !Then M + 1 would be the maximum number of fields possible.
CHARACTER*(M) ACARD !A scratchpad big enough for the biggest.
CHARACTER*(28 + 4*M) FORMAT !Guess. Allow for "Ann," per field.
INTEGER I !A stepper.
INTEGER L,LF !Text fingers.
INTEGER NF,MF !Field counts.
CHARACTER*6 WAYNESS(-1:+1) !Some annotation may be helpful.
PARAMETER (WAYNESS = (/"Left","Centre","Right"/)) !Using normal language.
INTEGER LINPR !The mouthpiece.
COMMON LINPR !Used all over.
W = 0 !Maximum field widths so far seen.
MF = 0 !Maximum number of fields to a record.
C(0) = 0 !Syncopation for the first field's predecessor.
WRITE (LINPR,*) !Some separation.
WRITE (LINPR,*) "Align ",WAYNESS(MIN(MAX(WAY,-1),+1)) !Explain, cautiously.
Chase through the file assessing the lengths of each field.
10 READ (IN,11,END = 20) L,ACARD(1:L) !Grab a record.
11 FORMAT (Q,A) !Working only up to its end.
CALL LIZZIEBORDEN !Find the chop points.
W(1:NF) = MAX(W(1:NF),C(1:NF) - C(0:NF - 1) - 1) !Thereby the lengths between.
MF = MAX(MF,NF) !Also want to know the most number of chops.
GO TO 10 !Get the next record.
Concoct a FORMAT based on the maximum size of each field. Plus one.
20 REWIND(IN) !Back to the beginning.
WRITE (FORMAT,21) W(1:MF) + 1 !Add one to meet the specified at least one space between columns.
21 FORMAT ("(",("A",I0,",")) !Generates a sequence of An, items.
LF = INDEX(FORMAT,", ") !The last one has a trailing comma.
IF (LF.LE.0) STOP "Format trouble!" !Or, maybe not!
FORMAT(LF:LF) = ")" !Convert it to the closing bracket.
WRITE (LINPR,*) "Format",FORMAT(1:LF) !Present it.
Chug afresh, this time knowing the maximum length of each field.
30 READ (IN,11,END = 40) L,ACARD(1:L) !Place just the record's content.
CALL LIZZIEBORDEN !Find the chop points.
SELECT CASE(WAY) !What is to be done?
CASE(-1) !Shove leftwards by appending spaces.
WRITE (LINPR,FORMAT) (ACARD(C(I - 1) + 1:C(I) - 1)// !The chopped text.
1 REPEAT(" ",W(I) - C(I) + C(I - 1) + 1),I = 1,NF) !Some spaces.
CASE( 0) !Centre by appending half as many spaces.
WRITE (LINPR,FORMAT) (ACARD(C(I - 1) + 1:C(I) - 1)// !The chopped text.
1 REPEAT(" ",(W(I) - C(I) + C(I - 1) + 1)/2),I = 1,NF) !Some spaces.
CASE(+1) !Align rightwards is the default style.
WRITE (LINPR,FORMAT) (ACARD(C(I - 1) + 1:C(I) - 1),I = 1,NF) !So, just the texts.
CASE DEFAULT !This shouldn't happen.
WRITE (LINPR,*) "Huh? WAY=",WAY !But if it does,
STOP "Unanticipated value for WAY!" !Explain.
END SELECT !So much for that record.
GO TO 30 !Go for another.
Closedown
40 REWIND(IN) !Be polite.
CONTAINS !This also marks the end of source for RAKE...
SUBROUTINE LIZZIEBORDEN !Take an axe to ACARD, chopping at X.
NF = 0 !No strokes so far.
DO I = 1,L !So, step away.
IF (ICHAR(ACARD(I:I)).EQ.ICHAR(X)) THEN !Here?
NF = NF + 1 !Yes!
C(NF) = I !The place!
END IF !So much for that.
END DO !On to the next.
NF = NF + 1 !And the end of ACARD is also a chop point.
C(NF) = L + 1 !As if here.
END SUBROUTINE LIZZIEBORDEN !She was aquitted.
END SUBROUTINE RAKE !So much raking over.
INTEGER L,M,N !To be determined the hard way.
INTEGER LINPR,IN !I/O unit numbers.
COMMON LINPR !Some of general note.
LINPR = 6 !Standard output via this unit number.
IN = 10 !Some unit number for the input file.
OPEN (IN,FILE="Rake.txt",STATUS="OLD",ACTION="READ") !For formatted input.
N = 0 !No records read.
M = 0 !Longest record so far.
1 READ (IN,2,END = 10) L !How long is this record?
2 FORMAT (Q) !Obviously, Q specifies the length, not a content field.
N = N + 1 !Anyway, another record has been read.
M = MAX(M,L) !And this is the longest so far.
GO TO 1 !Go back for more.
10 REWIND (IN) !We're ready now.
WRITE (LINPR,*) N,"Recs, longest rec. length is ",M
CALL RAKE(IN,M,"$",-1) !Align left.
CALL RAKE(IN,M,"$", 0) !Centre.
CALL RAKE(IN,M,"$",+1) !Align right.
END !That's all.
```
Every line of output starts with a space, and if it were to be sent to a lineprinter, this would be used as the carriage control character (meaning, advance one line then print the rest) - the first column does not need to be set off by one space from the previous column, but rather than devise special treatment it is spaced off anyway. The free-format output statements also start with a space. Output:
```txt
6 Recs, longest rec. length is 66
Align Left
Format(A11,A11,A11,A7,A7,A10,A11,A9,A8,A8,A7,A5,A1)
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Align Centre
Format(A11,A11,A11,A7,A7,A10,A11,A9,A8,A8,A7,A5,A1)
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Align Right
Format(A11,A11,A11,A7,A7,A10,A11,A9,A8,A8,A7,A5,A1)
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## FreeBASIC
```freebasic
' FB 1.05.0 Win64
Sub Split(s As String, sep As String, result() As String)
Dim As Integer i, j, count = 0
Dim temp As String
Dim As Integer position(Len(s) + 1)
position(0) = 0
For i = 0 To Len(s) - 1
For j = 0 To Len(sep) - 1
If s[i] = sep[j] Then
count += 1
position(count) = i + 1
End If
Next j
Next i
position(count + 1) = Len(s) + 1
Redim result(count)
For i = 1 To count + 1
result(i - 1) = Mid(s, position(i - 1) + 1, position(i) - position(i - 1) - 1)
Next
End Sub
Sub CSet(buffer As String, s As Const String)
Dim As Integer bLength = Len(buffer)
Dim As Integer sLength = Len(s)
Dim As Integer diff, lSpaces
If sLength >= bLength Then
LSet buffer, s
Else
diff = bLength - sLength
lSpaces = diff \ 2
LSet buffer, Space(lSpaces) + s
End If
End Sub
Dim lines() As String
Dim count As Integer = 0
Open "align_columns.txt" For Input As #1
While Not Eof(1)
Redim Preserve lines(count)
Line Input #1, lines(count)
count +=1
Wend
Close #1
Dim As Integer i,j, length, numColumns = 0
Dim As Integer numLines = UBound(lines) + 1
Dim fields() As String
' Work out the maximum number of columns
For i = 0 To numLines - 1
Erase fields
Split RTrim(lines(i), "$"), "$", fields()
length = UBound(fields) + 1
If length > numColumns Then numColumns = length
Next
' Split lines into fields and work out maximum size of each column
Dim matrix(numLines - 1, numColumns - 1) As String
Dim columnSizes(numColumns - 1) As Integer
For i = 0 To numLines - 1
Erase fields
Split RTrim(lines(i), "$"), "$", fields()
For j = 0 To UBound(fields)
matrix(i, j) = fields(j)
length = Len(fields(j))
If length > columnSizes(j) Then columnSizes(j) = length
Next j
Next i
Dim buffer As String
'Separate each column by 2 spaces
Open "align_left_columns.txt" For Output As #1
Open "align_right_columns.txt" For Output As #2
Open "align_center_columns.txt" For Output As #3
For i = 0 To UBound(matrix, 1)
For j = 0 To UBound(matrix, 2)
buffer = Space(columnSizes(j))
LSet buffer, matrix(i, j)
Print #1, buffer;
RSet buffer, matrix(i, j)
Print #2, buffer;
CSet buffer, matrix(i, j)
Print #3, buffer;
If j < UBound(matrix, 2) Then
Print #1, " "; : Print #2, " "; : Print #3, " ";
End If
Next j
Print #1, : Print #2, : Print #3,
Next i
Close #1 : Close #2 : Close #3
```
{{out}}
```txt
--- align_columns.txt
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
--- align_left_columns.txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
--- align_right_columns.txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
--- align_center_columns.txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Gambas
'''[https://gambas-playground.proko.eu/?gist=023b4c5144d45e047abe02ebf5c4525a Click this link to run this code]'''
```gambas
Public Sub Main() 'Written in Gambas 3.9.2 as a Command line Application - 15/03/2017
Dim siCount, siCounter, siLength As Short 'Counters
Dim siLongest As Short = -1 'To store the longest 'Word'
Dim sLine, sRows As New String[] 'Arrays
Dim sTemp, sAlign As String 'Temp strings
Dim sInput As String = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines, $where$fields$within$a$line$" & "\n"
"are$delineated$by$a$single$ 'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" & "\n"
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" & "\n"
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." & "\n"
"Further, $allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" & "\n"
"justified, $right$justified, $or$center$justified$within$its$column." 'Main string (with End Of Line characters added)
For Each sTemp In Split(sInput, "\n") 'For each Line (split by End of Line character)..
sLine.add(sTemp) 'Add the Line to sLine array
Next
For siCount = 0 To sLine.Max 'For each of Lines in the array..
For Each sTemp In Split(sLine[siCount], "$") 'For each 'Word' in the Line (Split by the '$')
siLength = Len(sTemp) 'Store the length of the current 'Word'
If siLength > siLongest Then siLongest = siLength 'Make sure siLength has the length of the longest 'Word'
sRows.add(Trim(sTemp)) 'Create an array of the 'Words'
Next
sRows.add("\n") 'Add a End Of Line character to the sRows array
Next
For siCounter = 0 To 2 'For each alignment (Left, Right and Centre)
For Each sTemp In sRows 'For each 'Word' in the sRows array..
If sTemp = "\n" Then 'If it's a End Of Line character then..
Print 'Print
Continue 'Jump to the next iteration of the For Next Loop
Endif
If siCounter = 0 Then Print sTemp & Space(siLongest - Len(sTemp)); 'Print control for Left align
If siCounter = 1 Then Print Space(siLongest - Len(sTemp)) & sTemp; 'Print control for Right align
If siCounter = 2 Then 'Print control for Centre align
siCount = (siLongest - Len(sTemp)) / 2 'Difference between the length of the longest 'Word' and the current 'Word' / 2
sAlign = Space(siCount) & sTemp & Space(siCount) 'Put the string together for printing
If Len(sAlign) < siLongest Then sAlign &= " " 'Check it's the correct length if not add a space on the end
Print sAlign; 'Print the 'Word'
Endif
Next
Print 'Print an empty line between each alignment list
Next
End
```
{{out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Go
```go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"strings"
)
const text = `Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.`
type formatter struct {
text [][]string
width []int
}
func newFormatter(text string) *formatter {
var f formatter
for _, line := range strings.Split(text, "\n") {
words := strings.Split(line, "$")
for words[len(words)-1] == "" {
words = words[:len(words)-1]
}
f.text = append(f.text, words)
for i, word := range words {
if i == len(f.width) {
f.width = append(f.width, len(word))
} else if len(word) > f.width[i] {
f.width[i] = len(word)
}
}
}
return &f
}
const (
left = iota
middle
right
)
func (f formatter) print(j int) {
for _, line := range f.text {
for i, word := range line {
fmt.Printf("%-*s ", f.width[i], fmt.Sprintf("%*s",
len(word)+(f.width[i]-len(word))*j/2, word))
}
fmt.Println("")
}
fmt.Println("")
}
func main() {
f := newFormatter(text)
f.print(left)
f.print(middle)
f.print(right)
}
```
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Groovy
Solution:
```groovy
def alignColumns = { align, rawText ->
def lines = rawText.tokenize('\n')
def words = lines.collect { it.tokenize(/\$/) }
def maxLineWords = words.collect {it.size()}.max()
words = words.collect { line -> line + [''] * (maxLineWords - line.size()) }
def columnWidths = words.transpose().collect{ column -> column.collect { it.size() }.max() }
def justify = [ Right : { width, string -> string.padLeft(width) },
Left : { width, string -> string.padRight(width) },
Center : { width, string -> string.center(width) } ]
def padAll = { pad, colWidths, lineWords -> [colWidths, lineWords].transpose().collect { pad(it) + ' ' } }
words.each { padAll(justify[align], columnWidths, it).each { print it }; println() }
}
```
Test Program:
```groovy
def rawTextInput = '''Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.'''
['Left', 'Center', 'Right'].each { align ->
println "${align} Justified:"
alignColumns(align, rawTextInput)
println()
}
```
{{out}}
Left Justified:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Center Justified:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Right Justified:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Harbour
```visualfoxpro
PROCEDURE Main()
LOCAL a := { "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$",;
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program",;
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$",;
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.",;
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$",;
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column." }
LOCAL e, nMax
// remove trailing dollars
AEval( a, {|e,n| Iif( Right(e,1)=="$", a[n] := hb_StrShrink( e, 1 ), NIL ) } )
// find max word length
nMax := 0
AEval( a, {|e| AEval( hb_Atokens( e, "$"), {|i| nMax := Max( nMax, Len(i) )} ) } )
nMax++
// start printing, padding words as needed
?
? "----Left aligned columns----"
FOR EACH e IN a
?
AEval( hb_Atokens( e, "$"), {|i| QQout( PadR(i, nMax) )} )
NEXT
?
? "----Center aligned columns----"
FOR EACH e IN a
?
AEval( hb_Atokens( e, "$"), {|i| QQout( PadC(i, nMax) )} )
NEXT
?
? "----Right aligned columns----"
FOR EACH e IN a
?
AEval( hb_Atokens( e, "$"), {|i| QQout( PadL(i, nMax) )} )
NEXT
RETURN
```
Output:
```text
----Left aligned columns----
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
----Center aligned columns----
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
----Right aligned columns----
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Haskell
```haskell
import Data.List (unfoldr, transpose)
import Control.Arrow (second)
dat =
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$\n" ++
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program\n" ++
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$\n" ++
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.\n" ++
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$\n" ++
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.\n"
brkdwn =
takeWhile (not . null) . unfoldr (Just . second (drop 1) . span ('$' /=))
format j ls = map (unwords . zipWith align colw) rows
where
rows = map brkdwn $ lines ls
colw = map (maximum . map length) . transpose $ rows
align cw w =
case j of
'c' -> replicate l ' ' ++ w ++ replicate r ' '
'r' -> replicate dl ' ' ++ w
'l' -> w ++ replicate dl ' '
where
dl = cw - length w
(l, r) = (dl `div` 2, dl - l)
```
{{out}}
```txt
*Main> mapM_ putStrLn $ format 'c' dat
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
Or, using '''Text''' and its functions as an alternative to '''[Char]''' strings:
```haskell
import Prelude as P
import Data.Text as T
(Text, pack, unpack, splitOn, unlines, unwords, length,
justifyLeft, justifyRight, center)
import Data.List (transpose, zip, maximumBy)
import Data.Ord (comparing)
rows :: [[Text]]
rows =
(splitOn (pack "$") . pack) <$>
[ "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
, "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
, "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
, "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
, "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
, "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
]
cols :: [[Text]]
cols =
transpose $
((++) <*>
(flip P.replicate (pack []) .
(-) (maximum (P.length <$> rows)) . P.length)) <$>
rows
main :: IO ()
main =
mapM_ putStrLn $
[ (\cols f ->
(unpack . T.unlines) $
T.unwords <$> transpose ((\(xs, n) -> f (n + 1) ' ' <$> xs) <$> cols))
(zip cols ((T.length . maximumBy (comparing T.length)) <$> cols))
] <*>
[justifyLeft, justifyRight, center]
```
{{Out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## HicEst
A file opened with a Format option describing the column format(s) can be addressed like a standard in-memory array. In addition the DLG function ([http://www.HicEst.com/MatrixExplorer.htm MatrixExplorer]) allows this text/numeric file to be edited or visualized in many ways, but string columns are always left adjusted while numeric columns are right adjusted. Export is possible.
```HicEst
CHARACTER Fnam = "\HicEst\Rosetta\Align columns.txt"
OPEN(FIle=Fnam, Format="12$", LENgth=rows)
! call the DLG function in MatrixExplorer mode:
DLG(Edit=Fnam, Format='12A10') ! left adjusted, 12 columns, 10 spaces each
! or the standard way:
CALL Align( "LLLLLLLLLLL ", Fnam, rows) ! left align
CALL Align( "CCCCCCCCCCC ", Fnam, rows) ! center align
CALL Align( "RRRRRRRRRRR ", Fnam, rows) ! right align
END
SUBROUTINE Align(picture, filename, rows)
CHARACTER picture, filename
CHARACTER out*400, txt*20
W = LEN(picture)
DO i = 1, rows
out = " "
DO j = 0, 100
txt = filename(i, j+1, *9) ! on error branch to label 9
WRITE(Text=out(j*W+1 : ), Format=picture) txt
ENDDO
9 CONTINUE
WRITE() out
ENDDO
END
```
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
=={{header|Icon}} and {{header|Unicon}}==
An argument of left, center, or right controls the
column alignment. The default is left-alignment.
```icon
global width
procedure main(args)
lines := []
width := 0
format := left
match("left"|"right"|"center", format <- !args)
every put(lines,prepare(!&input))
display(lines, proc(format,3))
end
procedure prepare(lines)
line := []
lines ? {
while (not pos(0)) & (field := tab(upto('$')|0)) do {
put(line, field)
width <:= *field
move(1)
}
}
return line
end
procedure display(lines, format)
width +:= 1
every line := !lines do {
every writes(format(!line, width))
write()
}
end
```
Sample run:
```txt
->align right
```
## J
'''Solution'''
```j
'LEFT CENTER RIGHT'=: i.3 NB. justification constants
NB.* alignCols v Format delimited text in justified columns
NB. y: text to format
NB. rows marked by last character in text
NB. columns marked by $
NB. optional x: justification. Default is LEFT
NB. result: text table
alignCols=: verb define
LEFT alignCols y NB. default
:
global=. dyad def'9!:x y'each
oldbox=. 6 16 global '';'' NB. save settings
7 17 global (11#' ');,~x NB. apply new settings
result=. _2{:\ ": <;._2 @:,&'$';._2 y NB. parse & format text
7 17 global oldbox NB. restore settings
result
)
```
'''Example''':
```j
text=: noun define
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
)
alignCols text NB. default justification
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
CENTER alignCols text NB. specify desired justification as left argument
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Java
{{works with|Java|7}}
{{libheader|Apache Commons Lang}}
```Java
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
/**
* Aligns fields into columns, separated by "|"
*/
public class ColumnAligner {
private List words = new ArrayList<>();
private int columns = 0;
private List columnWidths = new ArrayList<>();
/**
* Initialize columns aligner from lines in a single string
*
* @param s
* lines in a single string. Empty string does form a column.
*/
public ColumnAligner(String s) {
String[] lines = s.split("\\n");
for (String line : lines) {
processInputLine(line);
}
}
/**
* Initialize columns aligner from lines in a list of strings
*
* @param lines
* lines in a single string. Empty string does form a column.
*/
public ColumnAligner(List lines) {
for (String line : lines) {
processInputLine(line);
}
}
private void processInputLine(String line) {
String[] lineWords = line.split("\\$");
words.add(lineWords);
columns = Math.max(columns, lineWords.length);
for (int i = 0; i < lineWords.length; i++) {
String word = lineWords[i];
if (i >= columnWidths.size()) {
columnWidths.add(word.length());
} else {
columnWidths.set(i, Math.max(columnWidths.get(i), word.length()));
}
}
}
interface AlignFunction {
String align(String s, int length);
}
/**
* Left-align all columns
*
* @return Lines, terminated by "\n" of columns, separated by "|"
*/
public String alignLeft() {
return align(new AlignFunction() {
@Override
public String align(String s, int length) {
return StringUtils.rightPad(s, length);
}
});
}
/**
* Right-align all columns
*
* @return Lines, terminated by "\n" of columns, separated by "|"
*/
public String alignRight() {
return align(new AlignFunction() {
@Override
public String align(String s, int length) {
return StringUtils.leftPad(s, length);
}
});
}
/**
* Center-align all columns
*
* @return Lines, terminated by "\n" of columns, separated by "|"
*/
public String alignCenter() {
return align(new AlignFunction() {
@Override
public String align(String s, int length) {
return StringUtils.center(s, length);
}
});
}
private String align(AlignFunction a) {
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (String[] lineWords : words) {
for (int i = 0; i < lineWords.length; i++) {
String word = lineWords[i];
if (i == 0) {
result.append("|");
}
result.append(a.align(word, columnWidths.get(i)) + "|");
}
result.append("\n");
}
return result.toString();
}
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
if (args.length < 1) {
System.out.println("Usage: ColumnAligner file [left|right|center]");
return;
}
String filePath = args[0];
String alignment = "left";
if (args.length >= 2) {
alignment = args[1];
}
ColumnAligner ca = new ColumnAligner(Files.readAllLines(Paths.get(filePath), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
switch (alignment) {
case "left":
System.out.print(ca.alignLeft());
break;
case "right":
System.out.print(ca.alignRight());
break;
case "center":
System.out.print(ca.alignCenter());
break;
default:
System.err.println(String.format("Error! Unknown alignment: '%s'", alignment));
break;
}
}
}
```
## JavaScript
### Imperative
```JavaScript
var justification="center",
input=["Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$",
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program",
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$",
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.",
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$",
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."],
x,y,cols,max,cols=0,diff,left,right
String.prototype.repeat=function(n){return new Array(1 + parseInt(n)).join(this);}
for(x=0;xcols) cols=input[x].length;
}
for(x=0;x item.length ? acc : item; }, 0);
};
//boilerplate: this function would normally be in a library like underscore, lodash, or ramda
var zip = function (items, toInsert) {
toInsert = (toInsert === undefined) ? null : toInsert;
var longestItem = getLongest(items);
return longestItem.map(function (_unused, index) {
return items.map(function (item) {
return item[index] === undefined ? toInsert : item[index];
});
});
};
//here's the part that's not boilerplate
var makeColumns = function (formatting, data) {
var zipData = zip(data, '');
var makeSpaces = function (num) { return new Array(num + 1).join(' '); };
var formattedCols = zipData.map(function (column) {
var maxLen = getLongest(column).length;//find the maximum word length
if (formatting === 'left') {
return column.map(function (word) { return word + makeSpaces(maxLen - word.length); });
} else if (formatting === 'right') {
return column.map(function (word) { return makeSpaces(maxLen - word.length) + word; });
} else {
return column.map(function (word) {
var spaces = maxLen - word.length,
first = ~~(spaces / 2),
last = spaces - first;
return makeSpaces(first) + word + makeSpaces(last);
});
}
});
return zip(formattedCols).map(function (row) { return row.join(' '); }).join('\n');
};
```
Or (ES5) using transpose and zipWith:
```JavaScript
(function (strText) {
'use strict';
// [[a]] -> [[a]]
function transpose(lst) {
return lst[0].map(function (_, iCol) {
return lst.map(function (row) {
return row[iCol];
})
});
}
// (a -> b -> c) -> [a] -> [b] -> [c]
function zipWith(f, xs, ys) {
return xs.length === ys.length ? (
xs.map(function (x, i) {
return f(x, ys[i]);
})
) : undefined;
}
// (a -> a -> Ordering) -> [a] -> a
function maximumBy(f, xs) {
return xs.reduce(function (a, x) {
return a === undefined ? x : (
f(x) > f(a) ? x : a
);
}, undefined)
}
// [String] -> String
function widest(lst) {
return maximumBy(length, lst)
.length;
}
// [[a]] -> [[a]]
function fullRow(lst, n) {
return lst.concat(Array.apply(null, Array(n - lst.length))
.map(function () {
return ''
}));
}
// String -> Int -> String
function nreps(s, n) {
var o = '';
if (n < 1) return o;
while (n > 1) {
if (n & 1) o += s;
n >>= 1;
s += s;
}
return o + s;
}
// [String] -> String
function unwords(xs) {
return xs.join(' ');
}
// [String] -> String
function unlines(xs) {
return xs.join('\n');
}
// [a] -> Int
function length(xs) {
return xs.length;
}
// -- Int -> [String] -> [[String]]
function padWords(n, lstWords, eAlign) {
return lstWords.map(function (w) {
var lngPad = n - w.length;
return (
(eAlign === eCenter) ? (function () {
var lngHalf = Math.floor(lngPad / 2);
return [
nreps(' ', lngHalf), w,
nreps(' ', lngPad - lngHalf)
];
})() : (eAlign === eLeft) ?
['', w, nreps(' ', lngPad)] :
[nreps(' ', lngPad), w, '']
)
.join('');
});
}
// MAIN
var eLeft = -1,
eCenter = 0,
eRight = 1;
var lstRows = strText.split('\n')
.map(function (x) {
return x.split('$');
}),
lngCols = widest(lstRows),
lstCols = transpose(lstRows.map(function (r) {
return fullRow(r, lngCols)
})),
lstColWidths = lstCols.map(widest);
// THREE PARAGRAPHS, WITH VARIOUS WORD COLUMN ALIGNMENTS:
return [eLeft, eRight, eCenter]
.map(function (eAlign) {
var fPad = function (n, lstWords) {
return padWords(n, lstWords, eAlign);
};
return transpose(
zipWith(fPad, lstColWidths, lstCols)
)
.map(unwords);
})
.map(unlines)
.join('\n\n');
})(
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$\n\
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program\n\
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$\n\
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.\n\
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$\n\
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
);
```
{{Out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## jq
{{ Works with|jq|1.4}}
The key to the following implementation is the filter named "transpose", which is defined to work on a possibly jagged matrix.
```jq
# transpose a possibly jagged matrix
def transpose:
if . == [] then []
else (.[1:] | transpose) as $t
| .[0] as $row
| reduce range(0; [($t|length), (.[0]|length)] | max) as $i
([]; . + [ [ $row[$i] ] + $t[$i] ])
end;
# left/right/center justification of strings:
def ljust(width): . + " " * (width - length);
def rjust(width): " " * (width - length) + .;
def center(width):
(width - length) as $pad
| if $pad <= 0 then .
else ($pad / 2 | floor) as $half
| $half * " " + . + ($pad-$half) * " "
end ;
# input: a single string, which includes newlines to separate lines, and $ to separate phrases;
# method must be "left" "right" or anything else for central justification.
def format(method):
def justify(width):
if method == "left" then ljust(width)
elif method == "right" then rjust(width)
else center(width)
end;
# max_widths: input: an array of strings, each with "$" as phrase-separator;
# return the appropriate column-wise maximum lengths
def max_widths:
map(split("$") | map(length))
| transpose | map(max) ;
split("\n") as $input
| $input
| (max_widths | map(.+1)) as $widths
| map( split("$") | . as $line | reduce range(0; length) as $i
(""; . + ($line[$i]|justify($widths[$i])) ))
| join("\n")
;
```
'''Example''':
```jq
"Center:", format("center"), "",
"Left:", format("left"), "",
"Right:", format("right")
```
{{Out}}
```sh
$ jq -M -R -r -s -f Align_columns.jq Align_columns.txt
Center:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Left:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Right:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Jsish
From Javascript ES5 entry.
```javascript
/* Align columns, in Jsish */
function alignColumns(phrases:array, just:string) {
var x, y, max, diff, left, right, cols=0;
for(x=0; xcols) cols=phrases[x].length;
}
for (x=0; x) {
operator fun invoke(a: AlignFunction) : String {
var result = ""
for (lineWords in words) {
for (i in lineWords.indices) {
if (i == 0)
result += '|'
result += a(lineWords[i], column_widths[i])
result += '|'
}
result += '\n'
}
return result
}
private val words = arrayListOf>()
private val column_widths = arrayListOf()
init {
lines.forEach {
val lineWords = java.lang.String(it).split("\\$")
words += lineWords
for (i in lineWords.indices) {
if (i >= column_widths.size) {
column_widths += lineWords[i].length
} else {
column_widths[i] = Math.max(column_widths[i], lineWords[i].length)
}
}
}
}
}
fun main(args: Array) {
if (args.isEmpty()) {
println("Usage: ColumnAligner file [L|R|C]")
return
}
val ca = ColumnAligner(Files.readAllLines(Paths.get(args[0]), StandardCharsets.UTF_8))
val alignment = if (args.size >= 2) args[1] else "L"
when (alignment) {
"L" -> print(ca(AlignFunction.LEFT))
"R" -> print(ca(AlignFunction.RIGHT))
"C" -> print(ca(AlignFunction.CENTER))
else -> System.err.println("Error! Unknown alignment: " + alignment)
}
}
```
## Lasso
```Lasso
#!/usr/bin/lasso9
local(text = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
")
define go_left(text::array, width::integer) => {
local(output = string)
with row in #text do {
with word in #row do {
#output -> append(string(#word) -> padtrailing(#width + 1)&)
}
#output -> append('\n')
}
return #output
}
define go_right(text::array, width::integer) => {
local(output = string)
with row in #text do {
with word in #row do {
#output -> append(string(#word) -> padleading(#width + 1)&)
}
#output -> append('\n')
}
return #output
}
define go_center(text::array, width::integer) => {
local(output = string)
with row in #text do {
with word in #row do {
local(
padlength = (#width + 1 - #word -> size),
padleft = (' ' * (#padlength / 2)),
padright = (' ' * (#padlength - #padleft -> size))
)
#output -> append(#padleft + string(#word) + #padright)
}
#output -> append('\n')
}
return #output
}
define prepcols(text::string) => {
local(
result = array,
maxwidth = 0
)
with row in #text -> split('\n') do {
#row -> removetrailing('$')
#result -> insert(#row -> split('$'))
}
with word in delve(#result) do {
#word -> size > #maxwidth ? #maxwidth = #word -> size
}
stdoutnl('Left aligned result: \n' + go_left(#result, #maxwidth))
stdoutnl('Right aligned result: \n' + go_right(#result, #maxwidth))
stdoutnl('Centered result: \n' + go_center(#result, #maxwidth))
}
prepcols(#text)
```
{{out}}
```txt
Left aligned result:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Right aligned result:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Centered result:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Liberty BASIC
```lb
mainwin 140 32
CRLF$ =chr$( 13)
maxlen =0
read y
Dim txt$( y)
For i =1 To y
Read i$
print i$
if right$( i$, 1) <>"$" then i$ =i$ +"$"
txt$( i) =i$
x =max( CountDollars( txt$( i)), x)
Next i
print x
Dim matrix$( x, y)
Print CRLF$; " ---- Left ----"
For yy =1 To y
For xx =1 To x
matrix$( xx, yy) =word$( txt$( yy), xx, "$")
print matrix$( xx, yy), "|";
maxlen =max( maxlen, Len( matrix$( xx, yy)))
Next xx
print ""
Next yy
Print CRLF$; " ---- Right ----"
For yy =1 To y
For xx =1 To x
Print right$( " " +matrix$( xx, yy), maxlen +1); "|";
' will truncate column words longer than 20. Change to use maxlen....
Next xx
Print ""
Next yy
Print CRLF$ +" ---- Center ----"
For yy =1 to y
For xx =1 to x
wordLen =Len( matrix$( xx, yy))
padNeeded =maxlen -wordLen +4
LeftSpaces =padNeeded /2
if LeftSpaces =int( LeftSpaces) then
RightSpaces =LeftSpaces
else
RightSpaces =LeftSpaces -1
end if
Print space$( LeftSpaces); matrix$( xx, yy); space$( RightSpaces); "|";
Next xx
Print ""
Next yy
wait
Data 6
Data "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
Data "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
Data "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
Data "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
Data "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
Data "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
function CountDollars( src$)
c =0
for j =1 to len( src$)
if mid$( src$, j, 1) ="$" then c =c +1
next j
CountDollars =c
end function
end
```
## Lua
{{works with|Lua|5.1}}
```lua
local tWord = {} -- word table
local tColLen = {} -- maximum word length in a column
local rowCount = 0 -- row counter
--store maximum column lengths at 'tColLen'; save words into 'tWord' table
local function readInput(pStr)
for line in pStr:gmatch("([^\n]+)[\n]-") do -- read until '\n' character
rowCount = rowCount + 1
tWord[rowCount] = {} -- create new row
local colCount = 0
for word in line:gmatch("[^$]+") do -- read non '$' character
colCount = colCount + 1
tColLen[colCount] = math.max((tColLen[colCount] or 0), #word) -- store column length
tWord[rowCount][colCount] = word -- store words
end--for word
end--for line
end--readInput
--repeat space to align the words in the same column
local align = {
["left"] = function (pWord, pColLen)
local n = (pColLen or 0) - #pWord + 1
return pWord .. (" "):rep(n)
end;--["left"]
["right"] = function (pWord, pColLen)
local n = (pColLen or 0) - #pWord + 1
return (" "):rep(n) .. pWord
end;--["right"]
["center"] = function (pWord, pColLen)
local n = (pColLen or 0) - #pWord + 1
local n1 = math.floor(n/2)
return (" "):rep(n1) .. pWord .. (" "):rep(n-n1)
end;--["center"]
}
--word table padder
local function padWordTable(pAlignment)
local alignFunc = align[pAlignment] -- selecting the spacer function
for rowCount, tRow in ipairs(tWord) do
for colCount, word in ipairs(tRow) do
tRow[colCount] = alignFunc(word, tColLen[colCount]) -- save the padded words into the word table
end--for colCount, word
end--for rowCount, tRow
end--padWordTable
--main interface
--------------------------------------------------[]
function alignColumn(pStr, pAlignment, pFileName)
--------------------------------------------------[]
readInput(pStr) -- store column lengths and words
padWordTable(pAlignment or "left") -- pad the stored words
local output = ""
for rowCount, tRow in ipairs(tWord) do
local line = table.concat(tRow) -- concatenate words in one row
print(line) -- print the line
output = output .. line .. "\n" -- concatenate the line for output, add line break
end--for rowCount, tRow
if (type(pFileName) == "string") then
local file = io.open(pFileName, "w+")
file:write(output) -- write output to file
file:close()
end--if type(pFileName)
return output
end--alignColumn
```
Usage Example:
```lua
input =
[[Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.]]
outputLeft = alignColumn(input)
outputRight = alignColumn(input, "right")
alignColumn(input, "center", "output.txt")
```
## M2000 Interpreter
```M2000 Interpreter
Module Align_Columns {
a$={Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
}
const cr$=chr$(13), lf$=chr$(10)
def c1=0, cmax=0, p1=-1, i
flush ' empty stack
for i=1 to len(a$)
select case mid$(a$,i,1)
case "$", cr$
if p1<>-1 then data (p1, c1): p1=-1: cmax=max(c1,cmax):c1=0
case lf$
data (-1,0) ' push to end of stack an array of two items (a tuple in m2000)
else case
if p1=-1 then p1=i :c1=1 else c1++
end select
next
if p1<>-1 then push (p1, c1): cmax=max(c1,cmax):c1=0
\\ so now stack of values hold all tuples.
Dim Words(), AlignType$(1 to 3)
AlignType$(1)=lambda$ (a$,wd)->field$(a$, wd)
AlignType$(2)=lambda$ (a$,wd)->{
a$=left$(a$, wd)
=left$(string$(" ", (len(a$)-wd) div 2)+a$+string$(" ",wd),wd)
}
AlignType$(3)= lambda$ (a$,wd)->format$("{0:"+str$(-wd)+"}", a$)
\\ [] return a stack object, reference and leave current stack of values a new stack
\\ Array( stack_object) empty the stack object moving items to an array
Words()=Array([])
document export$
def aline$
cmax++ ' add one space
For al=1 to 3
For i=0 to len(Words())-1
if Words(i)(0)=-1 then
' we use rtrim$() to cut trailing spaces
export$=rtrim$(aline$)+cr$+lf$ : aline$=""
else
aline$+=AlignType$(al)(mid$(a$,Words(i)(0), Words(i)(1)),cmax)
end if
next i
next
\\ export to clipboard
Clipboard export$
Rem Form 140, 60
Rem Print #-2, export$ ' render text to console without using console's columns
}
Align_Columns
```
{{out}}
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
## Maple
Assign the sample data.
```Maple
txt :=
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$\n"
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program\n"
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$\n"
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.\n"
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$\n"
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.\n":
```
The following procedure solves the problem. It takes the string to be operated on as input, and an optional alignment parameter, which defaults to centred alignment. The aligned text is returned, as a string, which can then be printed.
```Maple
AlignColumns := proc( txt, align :: { "left", "right", "centre" } := "centre" )
uses StringTools;
# Get a list of lists of fields
local A := map( Split, Split( txt ), "$" );
# Calculate the column width
local width := 1 + max( map( L -> max( map( length, L ) ), A ) );
# Add spacing according to the requested type of alignment
if align = "left" then
local J := map( line -> map( PadRight, line, width ), A )
elif align = "right" then
J := map( line -> map( PadLeft, line, width ), A )
else
J := map( line -> map( Center, line, width ), A )
end if;
# Join up the fields in each line.
J := map( cat@op, J );
# Re-assemble the lines into a single string.
Join( J, "\n" )
end proc:
```
For the sample text, we get the following results.
```Maple
> printf( "%s\n", AlignColumns( txt ) ):
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
> printf( "%s\n", AlignColumns( txt, "center" ) ): # same as above
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
> printf( "%s\n", AlignColumns( txt, "left" ) ):
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
> printf( "%s\n", AlignColumns( txt, "right" ) ):
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
Alternatively, this could be printed to a file (using fprintf instead of printf).
=={{header|Mathematica}} / {{header|Wolfram Language}}==
```Mathematica
TableForm[StringSplit[StringSplit[a,"\n"],"$"],TableAlignments -> Center]
```
Output with example text :
[[File:centeredtext.png]]
## ML/I
In this example, ML/I reads its macros first, then switches input to the file containing the data to be formatted. Output is to 'standard output' or similar.
Note the presetting of P102 to indicate the alignment required.
```ML/I
MCSKIP "WITH" NL
"" Align columns - assumes macros on input stream 1, data on stream 2
MCPVAR 102
"" Set P102 to alignment required:
"" 1 = centre
"" 2 = left
"" 3 = right
MCSET P102 = 1
MCSKIP MT,<>
MCINS %.
MCSKIP SL WITH *
"" Assume no more than 100 columns - P101 used for max number of fields
"" Set P variables 1-101 to 0
MCDEF ZEROPS WITHS NL AS
ZEROPS
"" First pass - macro to accumulate max columns, and max widths
MCDEF SL N1 OPT $ N1 OR $ WITHS NL OR SPACE WITHS NL OR NL ALL
AS
MCSET S1=1
*MCSET S10=2
*MCSET S1=0
MCSET S4=1
""MCNOTE Max field is %P101.
""MCDEF REP NL AS
""REP
MCDEF SL N1 OPT $ N1 OR $ WITHS NL OR SPACE WITHS NL OR NL ALL
AS ,1,T3)%L7.%WBT2.""
MCSUB(< >,1,PT2-T3-MCLENG(%WBT2.)+1)MCGO L4
%L2.MCSUB(%WBT2.< >,1,PT2)MCGO L4
%L3.MCSUB(< >%WBT2.,1-PT2,0)""
%L4. MCSET T2=T2+1
MCGO L5
%L6.
>
MCSET S1=1
*MCSET S10=102
```
## MUMPS
```MUMPS
columns(how) ; how = "Left", "Center" or "Right"
New col,half,ii,max,spaces,word
Set ii=0
Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
Set ii=ii+1,line(ii)="justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
Set ii="" For Set ii=$Order(line(ii)) Quit:ii="" Do
. For col=1:1:$Length(line(ii),"$") Do
. . Set max=$Length($Piece(line(ii),"$",col))
. . Set:max>$Get(max(col)) max(col)=max
. . Quit
. Quit
Set ii="" For Set ii=$Order(line(ii)) Quit:ii="" Do
. Write ! For col=1:1:$Length(line(ii),"$") Do:$Get(max(col))
. . Set word=$Piece(line(ii),"$",col)
. . Set spaces=$Justify("",max(col)-$Length(word))
. . If how="Left" Write word,spaces," " Quit
. . If how="Right" Write spaces,word," " Quit
. . Set half=$Length(spaces)\2
. . Write $Extract(spaces,1,half),word,$Extract(spaces,half+1,$Length(spaces))," "
. . Quit
. Quit
Write !
Quit
Do columns("Left")
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Do columns("Center")
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Do columns("Right")
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Nim
```nim
from strutils import splitLines, split
from sequtils import mapIt
from strfmt import format, write
let textinfile = """Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."""
var words = textinfile.splitLines.mapIt(it.split '$')
var maxs = newSeq[int](max words.mapIt(it.len))
for line in words:
for j,w in line:
maxs[j] = max(maxs[j], w.len+1)
for i, align in ["<",">","^"]:
echo(["Left", "Right", "Center"][i], " column-aligned output:")
for line in words:
for j,w in line:
stdout.write(w.format align & $maxs[j])
stdout.write "\n"
stdout.write "\n"
```
{{out}}
```txt
Left column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Right column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Center column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Nit
Source: [https://github.com/nitlang/nit/blob/master/examples/rosettacode/align_columns.nit the official Nit’s repository]
```nit
# Task: Align columns
#
# Uses `Text::justify` from the standard library.
module align_columns
fun aligner(text: String, left: Float)
do
# Each row is a sequence of fields
var rows = new Array[Array[String]]
for line in text.split('\n') do
rows.add line.split("$")
end
# Compute the final length of each column
var lengths = new Array[Int]
for fields in rows do
var i = 0
for field in fields do
var fl = field.length
if lengths.length <= i or fl > lengths[i] then
lengths[i] = fl
end
i += 1
end
end
# Process each line and align each field
for fields in rows do
var line = new Array[String]
var i = 0
for field in fields do
line.add field.justify(lengths[i], left)
i += 1
end
print line.join(" ")
end
end
var text = """
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."""
aligner(text, 0.0)
aligner(text, 1.0)
aligner(text, 0.5)
```
{{out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
=={{header|Oberon-2}}==
works with oo2c version 2.
```oberon2
MODULE Columns;
IMPORT
NPCT:Tools,
Object,
Out;
TYPE
Parts = ARRAY 32 OF STRING;
Formatter = PROCEDURE (s: STRING; len: LONGINT): STRING;
VAR
lines: ARRAY 6 OF STRING;
words: ARRAY 6 OF Parts;
columnWidth: ARRAY 128 OF INTEGER;
lineIdx: INTEGER;
(*
* Size: returns de number of words in a line
*)
PROCEDURE Size(p: Parts): INTEGER;
VAR
i: INTEGER;
BEGIN
i := 0;
WHILE (i < LEN(p)) & (p[i] # NIL) DO
INC(i);
END;
RETURN i
END Size;
(*
* Max: returns maximum number of words in the lines
*)
PROCEDURE Max(w: ARRAY OF Parts): INTEGER;
VAR
i, max, resp: INTEGER;
BEGIN
i := 0;resp := 0;
WHILE (i < LEN(w)) DO
max := Size(w[i]);
IF (max > resp) THEN resp := max END;
INC(i)
END;
RETURN resp;
END Max;
(*
* MaxColumnWidth: returns the maximum width of a column
*)
PROCEDURE MaxColumnWidth(w: ARRAY OF Parts;column: INTEGER): INTEGER;
VAR
line,max: LONGINT;
BEGIN
line := 0;
max := MIN(INTEGER);
WHILE (line < LEN(w)) DO;
IF (w[line,column] # NIL) & (w[line,column](Object.String8).length > max) THEN max := w[line,column](Object.String8).length END;
INC(line)
END;
RETURN SHORT(max)
END MaxColumnWidth;
(*
* PrintWords: prints the words in 'w' using the formatter passed in 'format'
*)
PROCEDURE PrintWords(w: ARRAY OF Parts; format: Formatter);
VAR
i,j: INTEGER;
BEGIN
i := 0;
WHILE (i < LEN(words)) DO
j := 0;
WHILE (j < Max(words)) & (words[i,j] # NIL) DO
Out.Object(format(words[i,j],columnWidth[j] + 1));
INC(j)
END;
Out.Ln;
INC(i)
END;
Out.Ln
END PrintWords;
BEGIN
lines[0] := "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$";
lines[1] := "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program";
lines[2] := "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$";
lines[3] := "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.";
lines[4] := "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$";
lines[5] := "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.";
(* Split line in words *)
lineIdx := 0;
WHILE lineIdx < LEN(lines) DO
Tools.Split(lines[lineIdx],"$",words[lineIdx]);
INC(lineIdx)
END;
(* Calculate width of the column *)
lineIdx := 0;
WHILE (lineIdx < Max(words)) DO
columnWidth[lineIdx] := MaxColumnWidth(words,lineIdx);
INC(lineIdx)
END;
(* Print Results *)
PrintWords(words,Tools.AdjustLeft);
PrintWords(words,Tools.AdjustCenter);
PrintWords(words,Tools.AdjustRight);
END Columns.
```
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## OCaml
```ocaml
#load "str.cma"
open Str
let input = "\
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
let () =
let lines = split (regexp_string "\n") input in
let fields_l = List.map (split (regexp_string "$")) lines in
let fields_l = List.map Array.of_list fields_l in
let n = (* number of columns *)
List.fold_left
(fun n fields -> max n (Array.length fields))
0 fields_l
in
let pads = Array.make n 0 in
List.iter (
(* calculate the max padding for each column *)
Array.iteri
(fun i word -> pads.(i) <- max pads.(i) (String.length word))
) fields_l;
let print f =
List.iter (fun fields ->
Array.iteri (fun i word ->
f word (pads.(i) - (String.length word))
) fields;
print_newline()
) fields_l;
in
(* left column-aligned output *)
print (fun word pad ->
let spaces = String.make pad ' ' in
Printf.printf "%s%s " word spaces);
(* right column-aligned output *)
print (fun word pad ->
let spaces = String.make pad ' ' in
Printf.printf "%s%s " spaces word);
(* center column-aligned output *)
print (fun word pad ->
let pad1 = pad / 2 in
let pad2 = pad - pad1 in
let sp1 = String.make pad1 ' ' in
let sp2 = String.make pad2 ' ' in
Printf.printf "%s%s%s " sp1 word sp2);
;;
```
## Oforth
```oforth
import: mapping
import: file
: <l 2 / ->m
String new
just $RIGHT if=: [ l <lines
0 #[ apply( #[ size max ] ) ] lines apply ->maxsize
#[ apply( #[ justify( maxsize , just) . ] ) printcr ] lines apply
;
```
{{out}}
```txt
>"align.txt" $LEFT align
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
ok
>
```
## ooRexx
```ooRexx
text = .array~of("Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$", -
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program", -
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$", -
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.", -
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$", -
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.")
columns = 0
parsedText = .array~new
-- split each line of text into words and figure out how many columns we need
loop line over text
parsedLine = line~makearray("$")
parsedText~append(parsedLine)
columns = max(columns, parsedLine~items)
end
-- now figure out how wide we need to make each column
columnWidths = .array~new(columns)
linelength = 0
loop i = 1 to columns
width = 0
loop line over parsedText
word = line[i]
if word \= .nil then width = max(width, word~length)
end
columnWidths[i] = width
-- keep track of the total width, including space for a separator
linelength += width + 1
end
say "align left:"
say
out = .mutableBuffer~new(linelength)
loop line over parsedText
-- mutable buffers are more efficient than repeated string concats
-- reset the working buffer to zero
out~setbuffersize(0)
loop col = 1 to line~items
word = line[col]
if word == .nil then word = ''
out~append(word~left(columnwidths[col] + 1))
end
say out~string
end
say
say "align right:"
say
loop line over parsedText
-- mutable buffers are more efficient than repeated string concats
-- reset the working buffer to zero
out~setbuffersize(0)
loop col = 1 to line~items
word = line[col]
if word == .nil then word = ''
out~append(word~right(columnwidths[col] + 1))
end
say out~string
end
say
say "align center:"
say
loop line over parsedText
-- mutable buffers are more efficient than repeated string concats
-- reset the working buffer to zero
out~setbuffersize(0)
loop col = 1 to line~items
word = line[col]
if word == .nil then word = ''
out~append(word~center(columnwidths[col] + 1))
end
say out~string
end
```
```txt
align left:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
align right:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
align center:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## OpenEdge/Progress
```progress
FUNCTION alignColumns RETURNS CHAR (
i_c AS CHAR,
i_calign AS CHAR
):
DEF VAR ipass AS INT.
DEF VAR iline AS INT.
DEF VAR icol AS INT.
DEF VAR iwidth AS INT EXTENT.
DEF VAR cword AS CHAR.
DEF VAR cspace AS CHAR.
DEF VAR cresult AS CHAR.
EXTENT( iwidth ) = NUM-ENTRIES( ENTRY( 1, i_c, "~n" ), "$" ).
DO ipass = 0 TO 1:
DO iline = 1 TO NUM-ENTRIES( i_c, "~n" ):
DO icol = 1 TO NUM-ENTRIES( ENTRY( iline, i_c, "~n" ), "$" ):
cword = ENTRY( icol, ENTRY( iline, i_c, "~n" ), "$" ).
IF ipass = 0 THEN
iwidth = MAXIMUM( LENGTH( cword ), iwidth[ icol ] ).
ELSE DO:
cspace = FILL( " ", iwidth[ icol ] - LENGTH( cword ) ).
CASE i_calign:
WHEN "left" THEN cresult = cresult + cword + cspace.
WHEN "right" THEN cresult = cresult + cspace + cword.
WHEN "center" THEN DO:
cword = FILL( " ", INTEGER( LENGTH( cspace ) / 2 ) ) + cword.
cresult = cresult + cword + FILL( " ", iwidth[icol] - LENGTH( cword ) ).
END.
END CASE. /* i_calign */
cresult = cresult + " ".
END.
END. /* DO icol = 1 TO ... */
IF ipass = 1 THEN
cresult = cresult + "~n".
END. /* DO iline = 1 TO ... */
END. /* DO ipass = 0 TO 1 */
RETURN cresult.
END FUNCTION.
DEF VAR cc AS CHAR.
cc = SUBSTITUTE(
"&1~n&2~n&3~n&4~n&5~n&6",
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$",
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program",
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$",
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.",
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$",
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
).
MESSAGE
alignColumns( cc, "left" ) SKIP
alignColumns( cc, "right" ) SKIP
alignColumns( cc, "center" )
VIEW-AS ALERT-BOX.
```
{{out}}
```txt
---------------------------
Message
---------------------------
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
---------------------------
OK
---------------------------
```
## OxygenBasic
```txt
'
### ==========
Class AlignedText
'
### ==========
indexbase 1
string buf, bufo, cr, tab, jus
sys Cols, Rows, ColWidth[200], TotWidth, ColPad
method SetText(string s)
cr=chr(13)+chr(10)
tab=chr(9)
jus=string 200,"L"
buf=s
measure
end method
method measure()
sys a, b, wa, wb, cm, c, cw
a=1 : b=1
Cols=0 : Rows=0 : ColPad=3
do
wb=b
a=instr b,buf,cr
if a=0 then exit do
cm=0
c++
do
wa=instr wb,buf,"$"
if wa=0 or wa>a then exit do
cm++
if cm>cols then cols=cm
cw=wa-wb
if cw > ColWidth[cm] then ColWidth[cm]=cw
wb=wa+1
end do
b=a+len cr
end do
rows=c
'
c=0
for i=1 to cols
ColWidth[ i ]+=ColPad
c+=ColWidth[ i ]
next
TotWidth=c+len cr
'print ShowMetrics
end method
method ShowMetrics() as string
pr="METRICS:" cr cr
pr+=rows tab cols tab totwidth cr cr
pr+="column" tab "spacing" cr
for i=1 to cols
pr+=i tab ColWidth[ i ] cr
next
return pr
end method
method justify(string j)
mid jus,1,j
end method
method layout() as string
sys a, b, wa, wb, wl, cm, lpos, cpos
bufo=space Rows*TotWidth
a=1 : b=1
do
wb=b
a=instr(b,buf,cr)
if a=0 then exit do
cm=0
cpos=1
do
wa=instr(wb,buf,"$")
if wa=0 or wa>a then exit do
'
cm++
'
'JUSTIFICATION
'
wl=wa-wb
p=lpos+cpos 'default "L" LEFT ALIGN
'
select case asc(jus,cm)
case "R" : p=lpos+cpos+ColWidth[cm]-wl-Colpad
case "C" : p=lpos+cpos+( ColWidth[cm]-wl-Colpad )*.5
end select
'
mid bufo,p, mid buf,wb,wl
cpos+=colwidth[cm]
wb=wa+1
end do
b=a+len cr
lpos+=TotWidth
if lpos '#'(1:"a" 2:"b" 3:"c")
fun {ParseLine Line}
{List.toTuple '#' {String.tokens Line &$}}
end
%% possible alignments:
fun {Left Txt Extra}
Txt#{Spaces Extra}
end
fun {Right Txt Extra}
{Spaces Extra}#Txt
end
fun {Center Txt Extra}
Half = Extra div 2
in
{Spaces Half}#Txt#{Spaces Half + Extra mod 2}
end
%% helpers:
%% 3 -> unit(1 2 3)
fun {TupleRange Max}
{List.toTuple unit {List.number 1 Max 1}}
end
fun {Maximum X|Xr}
{FoldL Xr Value.max X}
end
fun {Spaces N}
case N of 0 then nil
else & |{Spaces N-1}
end
end
Lines = ["Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."]
in
{ForAll {Align Lines Left} System.showInfo}
```
## Pascal
See [[Align_columns#Delphi | Delphi]]
## Perl
```Perl
#/usr/bin/perl -w
use strict ;
die "Call : perl columnaligner.pl !\n" unless
@ARGV == 2 ; #$ARGV[ 0 ] contains example file , $ARGV[1] any of 'left' , 'right' or 'center'
die "last argument must be one of center, left or right!\n" unless
$ARGV[ 1 ] =~ /center|left|right/ ;
sub printLines( $$$ ) ;
open INFILE , "<" , "$ARGV[ 0 ]" or die "Can't open $ARGV[ 0 ]!\n" ;
my @lines = ;
close INFILE ;
chomp @lines ;
my @fieldwidths = map length, split /\$/ , $lines[ 0 ] ;
foreach my $i ( 1..$#lines ) {
my @words = split /\$/ , $lines[ $i ] ;
foreach my $j ( 0..$#words ) {
if ( $j <= $#fieldwidths ) {
if ( length $words[ $j ] > $fieldwidths[ $j ] ) {
$fieldwidths[ $j ] = length $words[ $j ] ;
}
}
else {
push @fieldwidths, length $words[ $j ] ;
}
}
}
printLine( $_ , $ARGV[ 1 ] , \@fieldwidths ) foreach @lines ;
################################################################## ####
sub printLine {
my $line = shift ;
my $orientation = shift ;
my $widthref = shift ;
my @words = split /\$/, $line ;
foreach my $k ( 0..$#words ) {
my $printwidth = $widthref->[ $k ] + 1 ;
if ( $orientation eq 'center' ) {
$printwidth++ ;
}
if ( $orientation eq 'left' ) {
print $words[ $k ] ;
print " " x ( $printwidth - length $words[ $k ] ) ;
}
elsif ( $orientation eq 'right' ) {
print " " x ( $printwidth - length $words[ $k ] ) ;
print $words[ $k ] ;
}
elsif ( $orientation eq 'center' ) {
my $left = int( ( $printwidth - length $words[ $k ] ) / 2 ) ;
my $right = $printwidth - length( $words[ $k ] ) - $left ;
print " " x $left ;
print $words[ $k ] ;
print " " x $right ;
}
}
print "\n" ;
}
```
a shorter solution
```perl
use List::Util qw(max);
sub columns {
my @lines = map [split /\$/] => split /\n/ => shift;
my $pos = {qw/left 0 center 1 right 2/}->{+shift};
for my $col (0 .. max map {$#$_} @lines) {
my $max = max my @widths = map {length $_->[$col]} @lines;
for my $row (0 .. $#lines) {
my @pad = map {' ' x $_, ' ' x ($_ + 0.5)} ($max - $widths[$row]) / 2;
for ($lines[$row][$col])
{$_ = join '' => @pad[0 .. $pos-1], $_, @pad[$pos .. $#pad]}
}
}
join '' => map {"@$_\n"} @lines
}
print columns <<'END', $_ for qw(left right center);
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
END
```
## Perl 6
{{works with|Rakudo|2018.03}}
Call with parameter left (default), center or right.
```perl6
my @lines =
q|Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
|.lines;
my @widths;
for @lines { for .split('$').kv { @widths[$^key] max= $^word.chars; } }
for @lines { say |.split('$').kv.map: { (align @widths[$^key], $^word) ~ " "; } }
sub align($column_width, $word, $aligment = @*ARGS[0]) {
my $lr = $column_width - $word.chars;
my $c = $lr / 2;
given ($aligment) {
when "center" { " " x $c.ceiling ~ $word ~ " " x $c.floor }
when "right" { " " x $lr ~ $word }
default { $word ~ " " x $lr }
}
}
```
Or a more functional version, called like ./align.p6 left input.txt, which however only supports left and right alignment (not center):
```perl6
sub MAIN ($alignment where 'left'|'right', $file) {
my @lines := $file.IO.lines.map(*.split('$').cache).cache;
my @widths = roundrobin(|@lines).map(*».chars.max);
my $align = {left=>'-', right=>''}{$alignment};
my $format = @widths.map( '%' ~ ++$ ~ '$' ~ $align ~ * ~ 's' ).join(' ') ~ "\n";
printf $format, |$_ for @lines;
}
```
## Phix
```Phix
constant data = {
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$",
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program",
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$",
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.",
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$",
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
}
function split(sequence s, integer c)
sequence out = {}
integer first = 1, delim
while first<=length(s) do
delim = find_from(c,s,first)
if delim = 0 then
delim = length(s)+1
end if
out = append(out,s[first..delim-1])
first = delim + 1
end while
return out
end function
function align(sequence s, integer width, integer alignment)
integer n = width-length(s)
if n<=0 then
return s
elsif alignment<0 then
return s & repeat(' ', n)
elsif alignment>0 then
return repeat(' ', n) & s
else
-- (PL if I'd written this, I'd have n-floor(n/2) on the rhs)
return repeat(' ', floor(n/2)) & s & repeat(' ', floor(n/2+0.5))
end if
end function
procedure AlignColumns()
integer llij
sequence lines, li
sequence maxlens = {}
lines = repeat(0,length(data))
for i=1 to length(data) do
li = split(data[i],'$')
lines[i] = li
if length(li)>length(maxlens) then
maxlens &= repeat(0,length(li)-length(maxlens))
end if
for j=1 to length(li) do
llij = length(li[j])
if llij>maxlens[j] then maxlens[j] = llij end if
end for
end for
for a=-1 to 1 do -- (alignment = left/centre/right)
for i=1 to length(lines) do
for j=1 to length(lines[i]) do
puts(1, align(lines[i][j],maxlens[j],a) & ' ')
end for
puts(1,'\n')
end for
puts(1,'\n')
end for
if getc(0) then end if
end procedure
AlignColumns()
```
{{out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## PHP
```php
STR_PAD_RIGHT,
'R' => STR_PAD_LEFT,
'C' => STR_PAD_BOTH);
/**
Justify columns of textual tabular input where the record separator is the newline
and the field separator is a 'dollar' character.
justification can be L, R, or C; (Left, Right, or Centered).
Return the justified output as a string
*/
function aligner($str, $justification = 'L') {
global $j2justtype;
assert(array_key_exists($justification, $j2justtype));
$justtype = $j2justtype[$justification];
$fieldsbyrow = array();
foreach (explode("\n", $str) as $line)
$fieldsbyrow[] = explode('$', $line);
$maxfields = max(array_map('count', $fieldsbyrow));
foreach (range(0, $maxfields-1) as $col) {
$maxwidth = 0;
foreach ($fieldsbyrow as $fields)
$maxwidth = max($maxwidth, strlen($fields[$col]));
foreach ($fieldsbyrow as &$fields)
$fields[$col] = str_pad($fields[$col], $maxwidth, ' ', $justtype);
unset($fields); // see http://bugs.php.net/29992
}
$result = '';
foreach ($fieldsbyrow as $fields)
$result .= implode(' ', $fields) . "\n";
return $result;
}
$textinfile = 'Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$\'dollar\'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.';
foreach (array('L', 'R', 'C') as $j)
echo aligner($textinfile, $j);
?>
```
## PicoLisp
```PicoLisp
(let Sizes NIL # Build a list of sizes
(let Lines # and of lines
(make
(in "input.txt" # Reading input file
(while (split (line) "$") # delimited by '$'
(let (L (link (mapcar pack @)) S Sizes)
(setq Sizes # Maintain sizes
(make
(while (or L S)
(link
(max
(inc (length (pop 'L)))
(pop 'S) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
(for L Lines # Print lines
(prinl (apply align L (mapcar - Sizes))) ) # left aligned
(prinl)
(for L Lines
(prinl (apply align L Sizes)) ) # right aligned
(prinl)
(for L Lines
(prinl (apply center L Sizes)) ) ) ) # and centered
```
{{out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## PL/I
```PL/I
declare text character (300) varying;
declare word character (20) varying;
declare justification character (1);
declare k fixed binary;
declare input file, output file output;
open file (input) title ( '/CENTER.DAT,type(text),recsize(1000)' );
open file (output) title ( '/OUT.TXT,type(text),recsize(1000)' );
on endfile (input) stop;
display ('Specify whether justification is left, centered, or right');
display ('Reply with a single letter: L, C, or R');
get edit (justification) (A(1));
do forever;
get file (input) edit (text) (L);
put skip list (text);
text = trim(text, '$', '$');
do until (k = 0);
k = index(text, '$');
if k = 0 then /* last word in line */
word = text;
else
do;
word = substr(text, 1, k-1);
text = substr(text, k);
text = trim(text, '$');
end;
select (justification);
when ('C', 'c') word = center(word, maxlength(word));
when ('R', 'r') word = right (word, maxlength(word));
otherwise ; /* The default is left adjusted. */
end;
put file (output) edit (word) (a(maxlength(word)));
end;
put file (output) skip;
end;
```
## PowerShell
```PowerShell
$file =
@'
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
'@.Split("`n")
$arr = @()
$file | foreach {
$line = $_
$i = 0
$hash = [ordered]@{}
$line.split('$') | foreach{
$hash["$i"] = "$_"
$i++
}
$arr += @([pscustomobject]$hash)
}
$arr | Format-Table -HideTableHeaders -Wrap *
```
Output:
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Prolog
Works with SWI-Prolog.
```Prolog
aligner :-
L ="Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.",
% read the lines and the words
% compute the length of the longuest word.
% LP is the list of lines,
% each line is a list of words
parse(L, 0, N, LP, []),
% we need to add 1 to aligned
N1 is N+1,
% words will be left aligned
sformat(AL, '~~w~~t~~~w|', [N1]),
% words will be centered
sformat(AC, '~~t~~w~~t~~~w|', [N1]),
% words will be right aligned
sformat(AR, '~~t~~w~~~w|', [N1]),
write('Left justified :'), nl,
maplist(affiche(AL), LP), nl,
write('Centered justified :'), nl,
maplist(affiche(AC), LP), nl,
write('Right justified :'), nl,
maplist(affiche(AR), LP), nl.
affiche(F, L) :-
maplist(my_format(F), L),
nl.
my_format(_F, [13]) :-
nl.
my_format(F, W) :-
string_to_atom(W,AW),
sformat(AF, F, [AW]),
write(AF).
parse([], Max, Max) --> [].
parse(T, N, Max) -->
{ parse_line(T, 0, N1, T1, L, []),
( N1 > N -> N2 = N1; N2 = N)},
[L],
parse(T1, N2, Max).
parse_line([], NF, NF, []) --> [].
parse_line([H|TF], NF, NF, TF) -->
{code_type(H, end_of_line), !},
[].
parse_line(T, N, NF, TF) -->
{ parse_word(T, 0, N1, T1, W, []),
( N1 > N -> N2 = N1; N2 = N)},
[W],
parse_line(T1, N2, NF, TF).
% 36 is the code of '$'
parse_word([36|T], N, N, T) -->
{!},
[].
parse_word([H|T], N, N, [H|T]) -->
{code_type(H, end_of_line), !},
[].
parse_word([], N, N, []) --> [].
parse_word([H|T], N1, NF, TF) -->
[H],
{N2 is N1 + 1},
parse_word(T, N2, NF, TF).
```
{{out}}
```txt
?- aligner.
Left justified :
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Centered justified :
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Right justified :
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
true .
```
## PureBasic
{{works with|PureBasic|4.41}}
```PureBasic
Declare max(a,b)
If OpenConsole()
Define a, i, x, y, maxlen
Dim txt.s(0)
Restore lines ; Get address of the first data block
Read.i a
ReDim txt(a)
For i=0 To a ; Read the raw data lines
Read.s txt(i)
txt(i)=Trim(txt(i),"$") ; Remove any bad '$' that may be useless in the end...
x=max(CountString(txt(i),"$"),x)
Next
y=a
Dim matrix.s(x,y) ; Set up a nice matrix to work with, each word cleanly separated
For x=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),1)
For y=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),2)
matrix(x,y)=StringField(txt(y),x+1,"$")
maxlen=max(maxlen,Len(matrix(x,y)))
Next
Next
If maxlen%2
maxlen+1 ; Just to make sure that 'centered' output looks nice....
EndIf
PrintN(#CRLF$+"---- Right ----")
For y=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),2)
For x=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),1)
Print(RSet(matrix(x,y),maxlen+1))
Next
PrintN("")
Next
PrintN(#CRLF$+"---- Left ----")
For y=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),2)
For x=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),1)
Print(LSet(matrix(x,y),maxlen+1))
Next
PrintN("")
Next
PrintN(#CRLF$+"---- Center ----")
For y=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),2)
For x=0 To ArraySize(matrix(),1)
a=maxlen-Len(matrix(x,y))
Print(LSet(RSet(matrix(x,y),maxlen-a/2),maxlen))
Next
PrintN("")
Next
PrintN(#CRLF$+#CRLF$+"Press ENTER to quit."): Input()
CloseConsole()
EndIf
Procedure max(x,y)
If x>=y
ProcedureReturn x
Else
ProcedureReturn y
EndIf
EndProcedure
DataSection
lines:
Data.i 5 ; e.g. 6-1 since first line is equal to 'zero'.
text:
Data.s "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
Data.s "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
Data.s "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
Data.s "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
Data.s "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$oo$be$either$left$"
Data.s "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
EndDataSection
```
## Python
### Procedural
### =Using StringIO=
```python
from StringIO import StringIO
textinfile = '''Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.'''
j2justifier = dict(L=str.ljust, R=str.rjust, C=str.center)
def aligner(infile, justification = 'L'):
''' \
Justify columns of textual tabular input where the row separator is the newline
and the field separator is a 'dollar' character.
justification can be L, R, or C; (Left, Right, or Centered).
Return the justified output as a string
'''
assert justification in j2justifier, "justification can be L, R, or C; (Left, Right, or Centered)."
justifier = j2justifier[justification]
fieldsbyrow= [line.strip().split('$') for line in infile]
# pad to same number of fields per row
maxfields = max(len(row) for row in fieldsbyrow)
fieldsbyrow = [fields + ['']*(maxfields - len(fields))
for fields in fieldsbyrow]
# rotate
fieldsbycolumn = zip(*fieldsbyrow)
# calculate max fieldwidth per column
colwidths = [max(len(field) for field in column)
for column in fieldsbycolumn]
# pad fields in columns to colwidth with spaces
fieldsbycolumn = [ [justifier(field, width) for field in column]
for width, column in zip(colwidths, fieldsbycolumn) ]
# rotate again
fieldsbyrow = zip(*fieldsbycolumn)
return "\n".join( " ".join(row) for row in fieldsbyrow)
for align in 'Left Right Center'.split():
infile = StringIO(textinfile)
print "\n# %s Column-aligned output:" % align
print aligner(infile, align[0])
```
{{out}}
```txt
# Left Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
# Right Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
# Center Column-aligned output:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
### =Brief native version=
Works with Python 2 and 3.
```python
'''
cat <<'EOF' > align_columns.dat
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
EOF
'''
for align in '<^>':
rows = [ line.strip().split('$') for line in open('align_columns.dat') ]
fmts = [ '{:%s%d}' % (align, max( len(row[i]) if i < len(row) else 0 for row in rows ))
for i in range(max(map(len, rows))) ]
for row in rows:
print(' '.join(fmts).format(*(row + [''] * len(fmts))))
print('')
```
### =Alternative=
{{trans|D}}
```python
txt = """Given$a$txt$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."""
parts = [line.rstrip("$").split("$") for line in txt.splitlines()]
max_widths = {}
for line in parts:
for i, word in enumerate(line):
max_widths[i] = max(max_widths.get(i, 0), len(word))
for i, justify in enumerate([str.ljust, str.center, str.rjust]):
print ["Left", "Center", "Right"][i], " column-aligned output:\n"
for line in parts:
for j, word in enumerate(line):
print justify(word, max_widths[j]),
print
print "- " * 52
```
### Functional
### =As a fold=
A fold/'''reduce''' between two transpositions.
(Selection of string justification methods via '''getattr'''):
{{Works with|Python|3.7}}
```python
'''Variously aligned columns
from delimited text.
'''
from functools import reduce
from itertools import repeat
# TEST ----------------------------------------------------
# main :: IO ()
def main():
'''Test of three alignments.'''
txt = '''Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.'''
rows = [x.split('$') for x in txt.splitlines()]
table = paddedRows(max(map(len, rows)))('')(rows)
print('\n\n'.join(map(
alignedTable(table)(' '),
[-1, 0, 1] # Left, Center, Right
)))
# alignedTable :: [[String]] -> Alignment -> String -> String
def alignedTable(rows):
'''Tabulation of rows of cells, with cell alignment
specified by:
eAlign -1 = left
eAlign 0 = center
eAlign 1 = right
and separator between columns
supplied by the `sep` argument.
'''
def go(sep, eAlign):
lcr = ['ljust', 'center', 'rjust'][1 + eAlign]
# nextAlignedCol :: [[String]] -> [String] -> [[String]]
def nextAlignedCol(cols, col):
w = max(len(cell) for cell in col)
return cols + [
[getattr(s, lcr)(w, ' ') for s in col]
]
return '\n'.join([
sep.join(cells) for cells in
zip(*reduce(nextAlignedCol, zip(*rows), []))
])
return lambda sep: lambda eAlign: go(sep, eAlign)
# GENERIC -------------------------------------------------
# paddedRows :: Int -> a -> [[a]] -> [[a]]
def paddedRows(n):
'''A list of rows of even length,
in which each may be padded (but
not truncated) to length n with
appended copies of value v.'''
def go(v, xs):
def pad(x):
d = n - len(x)
return (x + list(repeat(v, d))) if 0 < d else x
return [pad(row) for row in xs]
return lambda v: lambda xs: go(v, xs) if xs else []
# MAIN ---
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
```
{{Out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## R
```R
# Read in text
lines <- readLines(tc <- textConnection("Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.")); close(tc)
#Split words by the dollar
words <- strsplit(lines, "\\$")
#Reformat
maxlen <- max(sapply(words, length))
words <- lapply(words, function(x) {length(x) <- maxlen; x})
block <- matrix(unlist(words), byrow=TRUE, ncol=maxlen)
block[is.na(block)] <- ""
leftjust <- format(block)
rightjust <- format(block, justify="right")
centrejust <- format(block, justify="centre")
# Print
print0 <- function(x) invisible(apply(x, 1, function(x) cat(x, "\n")))
print0(leftjust)
print0(rightjust)
print0(centrejust)
```
Right justified output shown.
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Racket
```Racket
#lang racket
(define (display-aligned text #:justify [justify 'left])
(define lines
(for/list ([line (regexp-split #rx"\n" text)])
(regexp-split #rx"\\$" line)))
(define width
(add1 (for*/fold ([m 0]) ([line lines] [word line])
(max m (string-length word)))))
(define spaces (make-string width #\space))
(for ([line lines])
(for* ([word line]
[strs (let ([spc (substring spaces (string-length word))])
(case justify
[(left) (list word spc)]
[(right) (list spc word)]
[(center) (let ([i (quotient (string-length spc) 2)])
(list (substring spc i)
word
(substring spc 0 i)))]))])
(display strs))
(newline)))
(define text
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.")
(display-aligned text)
(display-aligned #:justify 'right text)
(display-aligned #:justify 'center text)
```
## RapidQ
```vb
Dim MText as QMemorystream
MText.WriteLine "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
MText.WriteLine "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
MText.WriteLine "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
MText.WriteLine "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
MText.WriteLine "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
MText.WriteLine "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
DefStr TextLeft, TextRight, TextCenter
DefStr MLine, LWord, Newline = chr$(13)+chr$(10)
DefInt ColWidth(100), ColCount
DefSng NrSpaces
'Find column widths
MText.position = 0
for x = 0 to MText.linecount -1
MLine = MText.ReadLine
for y = 0 to Tally(MLine, "$")
LWord = Field$(MLine, "$", y+1)
ColWidth(y) = iif (ColWidth(y) < len(LWord), len(LWord), ColWidth(y))
next
next
'Create aligned wordlists
MText.position = 0
for x = 0 to MText.linecount -1
MLine = MText.ReadLine
for y = 0 to Tally(MLine, "$")
LWord = Field$(MLine, "$", y+1)
NrSpaces = ColWidth(y) - len(LWord)
'left align
TextLeft = TextLeft + LWord + Space$(NrSpaces+1)
'Right align
TextRight = TextRight + Space$(NrSpaces+1) + LWord
'Center
TextCenter = TextCenter + Space$(floor((NrSpaces)/2)+1) + LWord + Space$(Ceil((NrSpaces)/2))
next
TextLeft = TextLeft + Newline
TextRight = TextRight + Newline
TextCenter = TextCenter + Newline
next
```
{{out}}
TextLeft contains:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
TextRight contains:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
TextCenter contains:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## REBOL
```rebol
REBOL [
Title: "Align Columns"
URL: http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Align_columns
]
specimen: {Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.}
; Parse specimen into data grid.
data: copy []
foreach line parse specimen to-string lf [ ; Break into lines.
append/only data parse line "$" ; Break into columns.
]
; Compute independent widths for each column.
widths: copy [] insert/dup widths 0 length? data/1
foreach line data [
forall line [
i: index? line
widths/:i: max widths/:i length? line/1
]
]
pad: func [n /local x][x: copy "" insert/dup x " " n x]
; These formatting functions are passed as arguments to entable.
right: func [n s][rejoin [pad n - length? s s]]
left: func [n s][rejoin [s pad n - length? s]]
centre: func [n s /local h][
h: round/down (n - length? s) / 2
rejoin [pad h s pad n - h - length? s]
]
; Display data as table.
entable: func [data format] [
foreach line data [
forall line [
prin rejoin [format pick widths index? line line/1 " "]
]
print ""
]
]
; Format data table.
foreach i [left centre right] [
print ["^/Align" i "...^/"] entable data get i]
```
{{out}}
Align left ...
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Align centre ...
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Align right ...
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Red
```Red
Red [
Title: "Align Columns"
Original-Author: oofoe
]
text: {Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.}
; Parse specimen into data grid.
data: copy []
foreach line split text lf [
append/only data split line "$"
]
; Compute independent widths for each column.
widths: copy []
foreach line data [
forall line [
i: index? line
if i > length? widths [append widths 0]
widths/:i: max widths/:i length? line/1
]
]
pad: function [n] [x: copy "" insert/dup x " " n x]
; These formatting functions are passed as arguments to entable.
right: func [n s][rejoin [pad n - length? s s]]
left: func [n s][rejoin [s pad n - length? s]]
centre: function [n s] [
d: n - length? s
h: round/down d / 2
rejoin [pad h s pad d - h]
]
; Display data as table.
entable: func [data format] [
foreach line data [
forall line [
prin rejoin [format pick widths index? line line/1 " "]
]
print ""
]
]
; Format data table.
foreach i [left centre right] [
print [newline "Align" i "..." newline] entable data get i]
```
## REXX
===(no output)===
```rexx
/*REXX*/
z.1 = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
z.2 = "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
z.3 = "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
z.4 = "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
z.5 = "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
z.6 = "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
word. = ""
width. = 0
maxcol = 0
do row = 1 to 6
line = z.row
do col = 1 by 1 until length(line) = 0
parse var line word.row.col "$" line
if length(word.row.col) > width.col then width.col = length(word.row.col)
end
if col > maxcol then maxcol = col
end
say "align left:"
say
do row = 1 to 6
out = ""
do col = 1 to maxcol
out = out || left(word.row.col,width.col+1)
end
say out
end
say
say "align right:"
say
do row = 1 to 6
out = ""
do col = 1 to maxcol
out = out || right(word.row.col,width.col+1)
end
say out
end
say
say "align center:"
say
do row = 1 to 6
out = ""
do col = 1 to maxcol
out = out || center(word.row.col,width.col+1)
end
say out
end
```
===(with output)===
```rexx
/*REXX program displays various alignments for words in an array of text strings. */
cols=0; size=0; wid.=0; t.=; @.= /*zero or nullify some variables. */
/* [↓] some "text" lines. */
t.1 = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
t.2 = "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
t.3 = "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
t.4 = "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
t.5 = "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
t.6 = "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
/* [↑] a null line is the end of text.*/
do r=1 while t.r\=='' /* [↓] process all the text lines. */
_=strip(t.r,,'$') /*strip leading & trailing dollar signs*/
do c=1 until _=='' /* [↓] process each of the words. */
parse var _ @.r.c '$' _
wid.c=max(wid.c, length(@.r.c)) /*find the maximum word width. */
end /*c*/
cols=max(cols,c) /*use the maximum COLS found. */
end /*r*/
do k=1 for cols; size=size+wid.k; end /*find the width of the biggest line. */
rows=r-1 /*adjust ROWS because of the DO loop.*/
do j=1 for 3; say; say /*show two blank lines for a separator.*/
say center(word('left right center', j) "aligned", size+cols-1, "═") /*show title*/
do r=1 for rows; _= /*construct row by row. */
do c=1 for cols; x=@.r.c /* " col " col. */
if j==1 then _=_ left(x, wid.c) /*justified left. */
if j==2 then _=_ right(x, wid.c) /* " right. */
if j==3 then _=_ centre(x, wid.c) /* " center. */
end /*c*/
say substr(_, 2) /*ignore the leading extra blank. */
end /*r*/
end /*j*/ /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
```
{{out|output|text= when using the default input:}}
```txt
══════════════════════════════════════════════left aligned══════════════════════════════════════════════
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
═════════════════════════════════════════════right aligned══════════════════════════════════════════════
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
═════════════════════════════════════════════center aligned═════════════════════════════════════════════
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
===(boxed output)===
Note: This version boxes each column of output to better show the columns.
```rexx
/*REXX pgm displays various (boxed) alignments for words in an array of text strings. */
cols=0; size=0; wid.=0; t.=; @.= /*zero or nullify some variables. */
/* [↓] some "text" lines. */
t.1 = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
t.2 = "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
t.3 = "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
t.4 = "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
t.5 = "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
t.6 = "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
/* [↑] a null line is the end of text.*/
do r=1 while t.r\=='' /* [↓] process all the text lines. */
_=strip(t.r,,'$') /*strip leading & trailing dollar signs*/
do c=1 until _=='' /* [↓] process each of the words. */
parse var _ @.r.c '$' _
wid.c=max(wid.c, length(@.r.c)) /*find the maximum word width. */
end /*c*/
cols=max(cols,c) /*use the maximum COLS found. */
end /*r*/
do k=1 for cols; size=size+wid.k; end /*find the width of the biggest line. */
rows=r-1 /*adjust ROWS because of the DO loop.*/
do j=1 for 3; say; say /*show two blank lines for a separator.*/
say center(word('left right center', j) "aligned", size+cols+1, "═") /*show title*/
do r=0 to rows; _=; !='│'; if r==0 then !='┬'
do c=1 for cols; x=@.r.c
if r==0 then x=copies("─", wid.c +1)
if j==1 then _=_ || ! || left(x, wid.c)
if j==2 then _=_ || ! || right(x, wid.c)
if j==3 then _=_ || ! || centre(x, wid.c)
end /*c*/
if r==0 then do; _= '┌'substr(_, 2, length(_) -1)"┐"
bot= '└'substr(_, 2, length(_) -2)"┘"
end
else _=_ || !
say _
end /*r*/ /* [↑] shows words in boxes. */
say translate(bot, '┴', "┬")
end /*j*/ /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
```
{{out|output|text= when using the default input:}}
```txt
═══════════════════════════════════════════════left aligned═══════════════════════════════════════════════
┌──────────┬──────────┬──────────┬──────┬──────┬─────────┬──────────┬────────┬───────┬───────┬──────┬────┐
│Given │a │text │file │of │many │lines, │where │fields │within │a │line│
│are │delineated│by │a │single│'dollar' │character,│write │a │program│ │ │
│that │aligns │each │column│of │fields │by │ensuring│that │words │in │each│
│column │are │separated │by │at │least │one │space. │ │ │ │ │
│Further, │allow │for │each │word │in │a │column │to │be │either│left│
│justified,│right │justified,│or │center│justified│within │its │column.│ │ │ │
└──────────┴──────────┴──────────┴──────┴──────┴─────────┴──────────┴────────┴───────┴───────┴──────┴────┘
══════════════════════════════════════════════right aligned═══════════════════════════════════════════════
┌──────────┬──────────┬──────────┬──────┬──────┬─────────┬──────────┬────────┬───────┬───────┬──────┬────┐
│ Given│ a│ text│ file│ of│ many│ lines,│ where│ fields│ within│ a│line│
│ are│delineated│ by│ a│single│ 'dollar'│character,│ write│ a│program│ │ │
│ that│ aligns│ each│column│ of│ fields│ by│ensuring│ that│ words│ in│each│
│ column│ are│ separated│ by│ at│ least│ one│ space.│ │ │ │ │
│ Further,│ allow│ for│ each│ word│ in│ a│ column│ to│ be│either│left│
│justified,│ right│justified,│ or│center│justified│ within│ its│column.│ │ │ │
└──────────┴──────────┴──────────┴──────┴──────┴─────────┴──────────┴────────┴───────┴───────┴──────┴────┘
══════════════════════════════════════════════center aligned══════════════════════════════════════════════
┌──────────┬──────────┬──────────┬──────┬──────┬─────────┬──────────┬────────┬───────┬───────┬──────┬────┐
│ Given │ a │ text │ file │ of │ many │ lines, │ where │fields │within │ a │line│
│ are │delineated│ by │ a │single│'dollar' │character,│ write │ a │program│ │ │
│ that │ aligns │ each │column│ of │ fields │ by │ensuring│ that │ words │ in │each│
│ column │ are │separated │ by │ at │ least │ one │ space. │ │ │ │ │
│ Further, │ allow │ for │ each │ word │ in │ a │ column │ to │ be │either│left│
│justified,│ right │justified,│ or │center│justified│ within │ its │column.│ │ │ │
└──────────┴──────────┴──────────┴──────┴──────┴─────────┴──────────┴────────┴───────┴───────┴──────┴────┘
```
## Ruby
{{works with|Ruby|1.9.3+}}
```ruby
J2justifier = {Left: :ljust, Right: :rjust, Center: :center}
=begin
Justify columns of textual tabular input where the record separator is the newline
and the field separator is a 'dollar' character.
justification can be Symbol; (:Left, :Right, or :Center).
Return the justified output as a string
=end
def aligner(infile, justification = :Left)
fieldsbyrow = infile.map {|line| line.strip.split('$')}
# pad to same number of fields per record
maxfields = fieldsbyrow.map(&:length).max
fieldsbyrow.map! {|row| row + ['']*(maxfields - row.length)}
# calculate max fieldwidth per column
colwidths = fieldsbyrow.transpose.map {|column|
column.map(&:length).max
}
# pad fields in columns to colwidth with spaces
justifier = J2justifier[justification]
fieldsbyrow.map {|row|
row.zip(colwidths).map {|field, width|
field.send(justifier, width)
}.join(" ")
}.join("\n")
end
require 'stringio'
textinfile = < ""
siz(i mod across) = max(siz(i mod across),len(word$(theString$,i + 1,"$")))
i = i + 1
wend
for i = 0 to across - 1
siz(i) = siz(i) + 1
if siz(i) and 1 then siz(i) = siz(i) + 1
next i
i = 0
a$ = word$(theString$,i+1,"$")
while a$ <> ""
s = siz(i mod across) - len(a$)
if align$ = "right" then a$ = left$(b$,s);a$
if align$ = "left" then a$ = a$;left$(b$,s)
if align$ = "center" then a$ = left$(b$,int(s / 2));a$;left$(b$,int(s / 2) + (s and 1))
print "|";a$;
i = i + 1
if i mod across = 0 then print "|"
a$ = word$(theString$,i+1,"$")
wend
print
end function
```
{{out}}
------------ align:left -- across:6 ------------
|Given |a |text |file |of |many |
|lines, |where |fields |within |a |line |
|are |delineated |by |a |single |'dollar' |
|character, |write |a |programthat |aligns |each |
|column |of |fields |by |ensuring |that |
|words |in |each |column |are |separated |
|by |at |least |one |space.Further, |allow |
|for |each |word |in |a |column |
|to |be |either |left |justified, |right |
|justified, |or |center |justified |within |its |
|column.
------------ align:right -- across:6 ------------
| Given| a| text| file| of| many|
| lines,| where| fields| within| a| line|
| are| delineated| by| a| single| 'dollar'|
| character,| write| a| programthat| aligns| each|
| column| of| fields| by| ensuring| that|
| words| in| each| column| are| separated|
| by| at| least| one| space.Further,| allow|
| for| each| word| in| a| column|
| to| be| either| left| justified,| right|
| justified,| or| center| justified| within| its|
| column.
------------ align:center -- across:6 ------------
| Given | a | text | file | of | many |
| lines, | where | fields | within | a | line |
| are | delineated | by | a | single | 'dollar' |
| character, | write | a |programthat | aligns | each |
| column | of | fields | by | ensuring | that |
| words | in | each | column | are |separated |
| by | at | least | one | space.Further, | allow |
| for | each | word | in | a | column |
| to | be | either | left | justified, | right |
| justified, | or | center | justified | within | its |
| column.
```
## Rust
```rust
use std::iter::{Extend, repeat};
enum AlignmentType { Left, Center, Right }
fn get_column_widths(text: &str) -> Vec {
let mut widths = Vec::new();
for line in text.lines().map(|s| s.trim_matches(' ').trim_right_matches('$')) {
let lens = line.split('$').map(|s| s.chars().count());
for (idx, len) in lens.enumerate() {
if idx < widths.len() {
widths[idx] = std::cmp::max(widths[idx], len);
}
else {
widths.push(len);
}
}
}
widths
}
fn align_columns(text: &str, alignment: AlignmentType) -> String {
let widths = get_column_widths(text);
let mut result = String::new();
for line in text.lines().map(|s| s.trim_matches(' ').trim_right_matches('$')) {
for (s, w) in line.split('$').zip(widths.iter()) {
let blank_count = w - s.chars().count();
let (pre, post) = match alignment {
AlignmentType::Left => (0, blank_count),
AlignmentType::Center => (blank_count / 2, (blank_count + 1) / 2),
AlignmentType::Right => (blank_count, 0),
};
result.extend(repeat(' ').take(pre));
result.push_str(s);
result.extend(repeat(' ').take(post));
result.push(' ');
}
result.push_str("\n");
}
result
}
fn main() {
let text = r#"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."#;
println!("{}", align_columns(text, AlignmentType::Left));
println!("{}", repeat('-').take(110).collect::());
println!("{}", align_columns(text, AlignmentType::Center));
println!("{}", repeat('-').take(110).collect::());
println!("{}", align_columns(text, AlignmentType::Right));
}
```
{{out}}
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Scala
{{works with|scala|2.8.0.r18997-b20091009021954}}
For Scala 2.7, change from fromPath to fromFile, and remove the extra parameter to Source's getLines.
```scala
object ColumnAligner {
val eol = System.getProperty("line.separator")
def getLines(filename: String) = scala.io.Source.fromPath(filename).getLines(eol)
def splitter(line: String) = line split '$'
def getTable(filename: String) = getLines(filename) map splitter
def fieldWidths(fields: Array[String]) = fields map (_ length)
def columnWidths(txt: Iterator[Array[String]]) = (txt map fieldWidths).toList.transpose map (_ max)
def alignField(alignment: Char)(width: Int)(field: String) = alignment match {
case 'l' | 'L' => "%-"+width+"s" format field
case 'r' | 'R' => "%"+width+"s" format field
case 'c' | 'C' => val padding = (width - field.length) / 2; " "*padding+"%-"+(width-padding)+"s" format field
case _ => throw new IllegalArgumentException
}
def align(aligners: List[String => String])(fields: Array[String]) =
aligners zip fields map Function.tupled(_ apply _)
def alignFile(filename: String, alignment: Char) = {
def table = getTable(filename)
val aligners = columnWidths(table) map alignField(alignment)
table map align(aligners) map (_ mkString " ")
}
def printAlignedFile(filename: String, alignment: Char) {
alignFile(filename, alignment) foreach println
}
}
```
Another take:
```scala
def pad(s:String, i:Int, d:String) = {
val padsize = (i-s.length).max(0)
d match {
case "left" => s+" "*padsize
case "right" => " "*padsize+s
case "center" => " "*(padsize/2) + s + " "*(padsize-padsize/2)
}
}
val lines = scala.io.Source.fromFile("c:\\text.txt").getLines.map(_.trim())
val words = lines.map(_.split("\\$").toList).toList
val lens = words.map(l => l.map(_.length)).toList
var maxlens = Map[Int,Int]() withDefaultValue 0
lens foreach (l =>
for(i <- (0 until l.length)){
maxlens += i -> l(i).max(maxlens(i))
}
)
val padded = words map ( _.zipWithIndex.map{case(s,i)=>pad(s,maxlens(i),"center")+" "} )
padded map (_.reduceLeft(_ + _)) foreach println
```
## Scheme
```scheme
(import (scheme base)
(scheme write)
(srfi 1)
(except (srfi 13) string-for-each string-map)
(srfi 14))
;; text is a list of lines, alignment is left/right/center
;; displays the aligned text in columns with a single space gap
(define (align-columns text alignment)
(define (split line) ; splits string on $ into list of strings
(string-tokenize line (char-set-complement (->char-set "$"))))
(define (extend lst n) ; extends list to length n, by adding "" to end
(append lst (make-list (- n (length lst)) "")))
(define (align-word word width) ; align single word to fit width
(case alignment
((left) (string-pad-right word width))
((right) (string-pad word width))
((center) (let ((rem (- width (string-length word))))
(string-pad-right (string-pad word (- width (truncate (/ rem 2))))
width)))))
;
(display alignment) (newline)
(let* ((text-list (map split text))
(max-line-len (fold (lambda (text val) (max (length text) val)) 0 text-list))
(text-lines (map (lambda (line) (extend line max-line-len)) text-list))
(min-col-widths (map (lambda (col)
(fold (lambda (line val)
(max (string-length (list-ref line col))
val))
0
text-lines))
(iota max-line-len))))
(map (lambda (line)
(map (lambda (word width)
(display (string-append (align-word word width)
" ")))
line min-col-widths)
(newline))
text-lines))
(newline))
;; show example
(define *example*
'("Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."))
(align-columns *example* 'left)
(align-columns *example* 'center)
(align-columns *example* 'right)
```
{{out}}
```txt
left
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
center
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
right
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## sed
The code allows to left (by default) or right justify colums. Centering is not supported. Requires about 2x bytes of memory (each line duplicated).
```sed
#!/bin/sed -nrf
# Format: \n\n\n\n...
# After reading whole file contains max number of fields of max width each.
# If no $ at start or end of a line -- add them
/^\$/! s/^/$/
/\$$/! s/$/$/
# First line saved as three lines in hold space:
# \n\n
1{
h
s/[^$]/ /g
H
G
x
# Restart -- go to next line
b
}
# For lines 2,3,...
H
# Current line -> pattern
# (each character replaced by constant symbol (e.g. space) so that we can count them)
s/[^$]/ /g
H
G
# Add two markers
s/\$/1$/
s/(\n[^$]*)\$/\12$/
# Compare patterns
:cmp
s/(1\$([^$\n]*)([^$\n]*)[^2]*2\$\2)/\1\3/
/1\$\n/ bout
# Advance markers
s/1(\$[^12$\n]*)/\11/
s/2(\$[^12$\n]*)/\12/
# Add one more field
/^[^2]*2\$\n/{ s/^([^2]*)2\$\n/\12$$\n/; }
bcmp
:out
# Remove first line
s/[^\n]*\n//
# Remove 2$-marker
s/2\$/$/
x
${
# We are on the last line -- start printing
x;
# Add a line for aligned string
s/^/\n/
:nextline
# Add marker again (only one this time)
s/\$/1$/
:align
# 1. look up missing spaces,
# 2. put first word of 2nd line before first newline adding missing spaces
# 3. cut first word of 2nd and 3rd lines.
# Replace \5\3 by \3\5 for RIGHT ALIGNMENT
s/(\n[^\n]*)1\$([^$\n]*)([^$\n]*)\$([^\n]*\n)\$([^$\n]*)([^\n]*\n)\$\2\$/\5\3 \1$\2\31$\4\6$/
talign
# We ate 2nd and 3rd lines completely, except newlines -- remove them
s/\$\n\$\n\$\n/$\n/
# Print the first line in pattern space
P
# ... and remove it
s/^[^\n]*//
# Remove marker
s/1\$/$/
# If no more lines -- exit
/\$\n\$$/q
bnextline
}
```
Example:
```txt
$ cat align.txt
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
$ ./align-columns.sed align.txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Seed7
```seed7
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";
const array string: inputLines is [] (
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$",
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program",
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$",
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.",
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$",
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.");
const func array integer: computeColumnWidths (in array string: inputLines) is func
result
var array integer: columnWidths is 0 times 0;
local
var string: line is "";
var array string: lineFields is 0 times "";
var integer: index is 0;
begin
for line range inputLines do
lineFields := split(line, "$");
if length(lineFields) > length(columnWidths) then
columnWidths &:= (length(lineFields) - length(columnWidths)) times 0;
end if;
for index range 1 to length(lineFields) do
if length(lineFields[index]) > columnWidths[index] then
columnWidths[index] := length(lineFields[index]);
end if;
end for;
end for;
end func;
const func string: center (in string: stri, in integer: length) is
return ("" lpad (length - length(stri)) div 2 <& stri) rpad length;
const proc: main is func
local
var array integer: columnWidths is 0 times 0;
var string: line is "";
var array string: lineFields is 0 times "";
var integer: index is 0;
begin
columnWidths := computeColumnWidths(inputLines);
for line range inputLines do
lineFields := split(line, "$");
for index range 1 to length(lineFields) do
# write(lineFields[index] rpad columnWidths[index] <& " "); # Left justify
# write(lineFields[index] lpad columnWidths[index] <& " "); # Right justify
write(center(lineFields[index], columnWidths[index]) <& " ");
end for;
writeln;
end for;
end func;
```
{{out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Shiny
```shiny
text: 'Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$\'dollar\'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.'
align: action text; position;
# split text into 2D array of lines and words
lines : { for text.split ~\$?\r?\n~ { for a.split '$' a end } end }
# calculate max required width for each column
widths: { for lines for a here[b]: a.length.max here[b]? ends }
spaces: action out ("%%%ds" in).format '' end
# formatting functions
left: action word; width;
pad: width-word.length
print "%s%s " word spaces pad
end
right: action word; width;
pad: width-word.length
print "%s%s " spaces pad word
end
center: action word; width;
pad: (width-word.length)/2
print "%s%s%s " spaces pad.floor word spaces pad.ceil
end
if position.match ~^(left|center|right)$~ for lines
for a local[position] a widths[b] end say ''
ends say ''
end
align text 'left'
align text 'center'
align text 'right'
```
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Sidef
```ruby
class Format(text, width) {
method align(j) {
text.map { |row|
row.range.map { |i|
'%-*s ' % (width[i],
'%*s' % (row[i].len + (width[i]-row[i].len * j/2), row[i]));
}.join("");
}.join("\n") + "\n";
}
}
func Formatter(text) {
var textArr = [];
var widthArr = [];
text.each_line {
var words = .split('$');
textArr.append(words);
words.each_kv { |i, word|
if (i == widthArr.len) {
widthArr.append(word.len);
}
elsif (word.len > widthArr[i]) {
widthArr[i] = word.len;
}
}
}
return Format(textArr, widthArr);
}
enum |left, middle, right|;
const text = <<'EOT';
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
EOT
var f = Formatter(text);
say f.align(left);
say f.align(middle);
say f.align(right);
```
## Tcl
```tcl
package require Tcl 8.5
set text {Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.}
array set max {}
foreach line [split $text \n] {
set col 0
set thisline [split $line \$]
lappend words $thisline
foreach word $thisline {
set max([incr col]) [expr {[info exists max($col)]
? max($max($col), [string length $word])
: [string length $word]
}]
}
}
proc justify {word position width} {
switch -exact -- $position {
left {
return [format "%-*s" $width $word]
}
center {
set lpadw [expr {($width - [string length $word])/2}]
return [format "%s%-*s" [string repeat " " $lpadw] [incr width -$lpadw] $word]
}
right {
return [format "%*s" $width $word]
}
}
}
foreach position {left center right} {
foreach thisline $words {
set col 0
set line ""
foreach word $thisline {
append line [justify $word $position $max([incr col])] " "
}
puts [string trimright $line]
}
puts ""
}
```
{{out}}
```txt
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## TUSCRIPT
```tuscript
$$ MODE TUSCRIPT
MODE DATA
$$ SET exampletext=*
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
$$ MODE TUSCRIPT
SET nix=SPLIT (exampletext,":$:",c1,c2,c3,c4,c5,c6,c7,c8,c9,c10,c11,c12)
LOOP l1=1,12
SET colum=CONCAT ("c",l1)
SET newcolum=CONCAT ("new",l1)
SET @newcolum="", length=MAX LENGTH (@colum), space=length+2
LOOP n,l2=@colum
SET newcell=CENTER (l2,space)
SET @newcolum=APPEND (@newcolum,"~",newcell)
ENDLOOP
SET @newcolum=SPLIT (@newcolum,":~:")
ENDLOOP
SET exampletext=JOIN(new1,"$",new2,new3,new4,new5,new6,new7,new8,new9,new10,new11,new12)
```
{{out}}
```txt
Given $ a $ text $ file $ of $ many $ lines, $ where $ fields $ within $ a $ line$
are $ delineated $ by $ a $ single $ 'dollar' $ character, $ write $ a $ program $ $
that $ aligns $ each $ column $ of $ fields $ by $ ensuring $ that $ words $ in $ each$
column $ are $ separated $ by $ at $ least $ one $ space. $ $ $ $
Further, $ allow $ for $ each $ word $ in $ a $ column $ to $ be $ either $ left$
justified, $ right $ justified, $ or $ center $ justified $ within $ its $ column. $ $ $
```
## TXR
```txr
@(collect)
@ (coll)@{item /[^$]+/}@(end)
@(end)
@; nc = number of columns
@; pi = padded items (data with row lengths equalized with empty strings)
@; cw = vector of max column widths
@; ce = center padding
@(bind nc @[apply max [mapcar length item]])
@(bind pi @(mapcar (op append @1 (repeat '("") (- nc (length @1)))) item))
@(bind cw @(vector-list
(mapcar (op apply max [mapcar length @1])
;; matrix transpose trick cols become rows:
[apply mapcar [cons list pi]])))
@(bind ns "")
@(output)
@ (repeat)
@ (rep :counter i)@{pi @[cw i]} @(end)
@ (end)
@ (repeat)
@ (rep :counter i)@{pi @(- [cw i])} @(end)
@ (end)
@ (repeat)
@ (rep :counter i)@\
@{ns @(trunc (- [cw i] (length pi)) 2)}@\
@{pi @(- [cw i] (trunc (- [cw i] (length pi)) 2))} @(end)
@ (end)
@(end)
```
```txt
$ txr align-columns.txr align-columns.dat
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## UNIX Shell
This is a draft implementation of the "align columns" problem using Unix shell commands. The key tool for left and right justified text is the "rs" command. Centered text is a little more complex, since this is not a feature currently in "rs" (''The centered solution will be added later.'')
```bash
cat < just-nocenter.sh
#!/bin/sh
td() {
cat <<'EOF'
Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.
EOF
}
rows=$( td | wc -l )
# get the number of fields
fields=$(td | rs -c'$' -g1 -h | awk '{print $2}')
# get the max of the value widths
cwidth=$(td | rs -c'$' -g1 -w1 2>/dev/null | awk 'BEGIN{w=0}{if(length>w){w=length}}END{print w}')
# compute the minimum line width for the columns
lwidth=$(( (1 + cwidth) * fields ))
# left adjusted columns
td | rs -c'$' -g1 -zn -w$lwidth
echo ""
# right adjusted columns
td | rs -c'$' -g1 -znj -w$lwidth
echo ""
exit
EOF_OUTER
```
{{out}}
```sh
$ ./just-nocenter.sh
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
The centered output will be added later, when I've more time. '' I did this in about 10 minutes.''
## Ursala
The algorithm is to lex the text to a list of lists of strings assuming $ as a separator,
then pad the lists out to the length of the maximum length list, transpose,
do the same with each column, and transpose again.
For left justification, nothing further but concatenation is needed.
For right justification, each word's string of trailing blanks is moved to the beginning,
and for center justification, the trailing blanks are divided equally between the beginning and end of each word.
```Ursala
#import std
text =
-[Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$
are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program
that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$
column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.
Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$
justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.]-
pad = sep`$*; @FS ~&rSSSK7+ (zipp` ^*D\~& leql$^)*rSSK7+ zipp0^*D/leql$^ ~&
just_left = mat` *+ pad
just_right = mat` *+ pad; ==` ~-rlT**
just_center = mat` *+ pad; ==` ~-rK30PlrK31PTT**
#show+
main = mat0 <.just_left,just_center,just_right> text
```
{{out}}
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## VBA
Call subroutine "TestSplit" with arguments ''align'' (one of: "left", "right", "center") and ''spacing'' (an integer) between columns.
Both arguments are optional and default to "left" and 1 respectively.
```vb
Public Sub TestSplit(Optional align As String = "left", Optional spacing As Integer = 1)
Dim word() As String
Dim colwidth() As Integer
Dim ncols As Integer
Dim lines(6) As String
Dim nlines As Integer
'check arguments
If Not (align = "left" Or align = "right" Or align = "center") Then
MsgBox "TestSplit: wrong argument 'align': " & align
Exit Sub
End If
If spacing < 0 Then
MsgBox "TestSplit: wrong argument: 'spacing' cannot be negative."
Exit Sub
End If
' Sample Input (should be from a file)
nlines = 6
lines(1) = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
lines(2) = "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
lines(3) = "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
lines(4) = "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
lines(5) = "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$"
lines(6) = "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
'first pass: count columns and column widths
'the words are not kept in memory
ncols = -1
For l = 1 To nlines
word = Split(RTrim(lines(l)), "$")
If UBound(word) > ncols Then
ncols = UBound(word)
ReDim Preserve colwidth(ncols)
End If
For i = 0 To UBound(word)
If Len(word(i)) > colwidth(i) Then colwidth(i) = Len(word(i))
Next i
Next l
'discard possibly empty columns at the right
'(this assumes there is at least one non-empty column)
While colwidth(ncols) = 0
ncols = ncols - 1
Wend
'second pass: print in columns
For l = 1 To nlines
word = Split(RTrim(lines(l)), "$")
For i = 0 To UBound(word)
a = word(i)
w = colwidth(i)
If align = "left" Then
Debug.Print a + String$(w - Len(a), " ");
ElseIf align = "right" Then
Debug.Print String$(w - Len(a), " ") + a;
ElseIf align = "center" Then
d = Int((w - Len(a)) / 2)
Debug.Print String$(d, " ") + a + String$(w - (d + Len(a)), " ");
End If
If i < ncols Then Debug.Print Spc(spacing);
Next i
Debug.Print
Next l
End Sub
```
{{out}}
```txt
testsplit , 4 'default alignment, non-default spacing
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
testsplit "center" 'non-default alignment, default spacing
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## VBScript
{{trans|Rexx}}
```vb
' Align columns - RC - VBScript
Const nr=16, nc=16
ReDim d(nc),t(nr), wor(nr,nc)
i=i+1: t(i) = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$"
i=i+1: t(i) = "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program"
i=i+1: t(i) = "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$"
i=i+1: t(i) = "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space."
i=i+1: t(i) = "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$To$be$either$left$"
i=i+1: t(i) = "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
For r=1 to nr
If t(r)="" Then Exit For
w=xRTrim(t(r),"$")
m=Split(w,"$")
For c=1 To UBound(m)+1
wor(r,c)=m(c-1)
If Len(wor(r,c))>d(c) Then d(c)=Len(wor(r,c))
Next 'c
If c>cols Then cols=c
Next 'r
rows=r-1
tt=Array("Left","Right","Center")
For n=1 To 3
Wscript.Echo
Wscript.Echo "*****" & tt(n-1) & "*****"
For r=1 To rows
w=""
For c=1 To cols
x=wor(r,c): s=Space(d(c))
Select Case n
Case 1: w=w &" "& Left (x & s,d(c))
Case 2: w=w &" "& Right (s & x,d(c))
Case 3: w=w &" "& xCentre(x,d(c)," ")
End Select 'n
Next 'c
Wscript.Echo Mid(w,2)
Next 'r
Next 'n
Function xCentre(c, n, Pad)
Dim j
If n > Len(c) Then
j = (n - Len(c)) \ 2
If (n - Len(c)) Mod 2 <> 0 Then j = j + 1
xCentre = Mid(String(j, Pad) & c & String(j, Pad), 1, n)
Else
xCentre = c
End If
End Function 'xCentre
Function xRTrim(c, Pad)
Dim i2, l, cc
cc = "": l = Len(c)
If l > 0 Then
i2 = l
Do While (Mid(c, i2, 1) = Pad And i2 > 1)
i2 = i2 - 1
Loop
If i2 = 1 And Mid(c, i2, 1) = Pad Then i2 = 0
If i2 > 0 Then cc = Mid(c, 1, i2)
End If
xRTrim = cc
End Function 'xRTrim
```
{{out}}
```txt
*****Left*****
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column To be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
*****Right*****
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column To be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
*****Center*****
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column To be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Vedit macro language
This implementation converts the file currently being edited. The file can then be saved with different filename if required.
```vedit
RS(10, "$") // Field separator
#11 = 1 // Align: 1 = left, 2 = center, 3 = right
// Reset column widths. Max 50 columns
for (#1=40; #1<90; #1++) { #@1 = 0 }
// Find max width of each column
BOF
Repeat(ALL) {
for (#1=40; #1<90; #1++) {
Match(@10, ADVANCE) // skip field separator if any
#2 = Cur_Pos
Search("|{|@(10),|N}", NOERR) // field separator or end of line
#3 = Cur_Pos - #2 // width of text
if (#3 > #@1) { #@1 = #3 }
if (At_EOL) { Break }
}
Line(1, ERRBREAK)
}
// Convert lines
BOF
Repeat(ALL) {
for (#1=40; #1<90; #1++) {
#2 = Cur_Pos
Search("|{|@(10),|N}", NOERR)
if (At_EOL==0) { Del_Char(Chars_Matched) }
#3 = #@1 - Cur_Pos + #2 // number of spaces to insert
#4 = 0
if (#11 == 2) { #4 = #3/2; #3 -= #4 } // Center
if (#11 == 3) { #4 = #3; #3 = 0 } // Right justify
Set_Marker(1, Cur_Pos)
Goto_Pos(#2)
Ins_Char(' ', COUNT, #4) // add spaces before the word
Goto_Pos(Marker(1))
Ins_Char(' ', COUNT, #3+1) // add spaces after the word
if (At_EOL) { Break }
}
Line(1, ERRBREAK)
}
```
{{out}}
```txt
-- Left:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
-- Center:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
-- Right:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Visual Basic
```vb
Sub AlignCols(Lines, Optional Align As AlignmentConstants, Optional Sep$ = "$", Optional Sp% = 1)
Dim i&, j&, D&, L&, R&: ReDim W(UBound(Lines)): ReDim C&(0)
For j = 0 To UBound(W)
W(j) = Split(Lines(j), Sep)
If UBound(W(j)) > UBound(C) Then ReDim Preserve C(UBound(W(j)))
For i = 0 To UBound(W(j)): If Len(W(j)(i)) > C(i) Then C(i) = Len(W(j)(i))
Next i, j
For j = 0 To UBound(W): For i = 0 To UBound(W(j))
D = C(i) - Len(W(j)(i))
L = Choose(Align + 1, 0, D, D \ 2)
R = Choose(Align + 1, D, 0, D - L) + Sp
Debug.Print Space(L); W(j)(i); Space(R); IIf(i < UBound(W(j)), "", vbLf);
Next i, j
End Sub
```
Usage:
```vb
Sub Main() 'usage of the above
Const Text$ = "Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$" & vbLf & _
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program" & vbLf & _
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$" & vbLf & _
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space." & vbLf & _
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$" & vbLf & _
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."
Debug.Print vbLf; "-- Left:": AlignCols Split(Text, vbLf), vbLeftJustify
Debug.Print vbLf; "-- Center:": AlignCols Split(Text, vbLf), vbCenter
Debug.Print vbLf; "-- Right:": AlignCols Split(Text, vbLf), vbRightJustify
End Sub
```
{{out}}
```txt
-- Left:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
-- Center:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
-- Right:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## Visual Basic .NET
```vb
Module Module1
Private Delegate Function Justification(s As String, width As Integer) As String
Private Function AlignColumns(lines As String(), justification As Justification) As String()
Const Separator As Char = "$"c
' build input container table and calculate columns count
Dim containerTbl As String()() = New String(lines.Length - 1)() {}
Dim columns As Integer = 0
For i As Integer = 0 To lines.Length - 1
Dim row As String() = lines(i).TrimEnd(Separator).Split(Separator)
If columns < row.Length Then
columns = row.Length
End If
containerTbl(i) = row
Next
' create formatted container table
Dim formattedTable As String()() = New String(containerTbl.Length - 1)() {}
For i As Integer = 0 To formattedTable.Length - 1
formattedTable(i) = New String(columns - 1) {}
Next
For j As Integer = 0 To columns - 1
' get max column width
Dim columnWidth As Integer = 0
For i As Integer = 0 To containerTbl.Length - 1
If j < containerTbl(i).Length AndAlso columnWidth < containerTbl(i)(j).Length Then
columnWidth = containerTbl(i)(j).Length
End If
Next
' justify column cells
For i As Integer = 0 To formattedTable.Length - 1
If j < containerTbl(i).Length Then
formattedTable(i)(j) = justification(containerTbl(i)(j), columnWidth)
Else
formattedTable(i)(j) = New [String](" "c, columnWidth)
End If
Next
Next
' create result
Dim result As String() = New String(formattedTable.Length - 1) {}
For i As Integer = 0 To result.Length - 1
result(i) = [String].Join(" ", formattedTable(i))
Next
Return result
End Function
Private Function JustifyLeft(s As String, width As Integer) As String
Return s.PadRight(width)
End Function
Private Function JustifyRight(s As String, width As Integer) As String
Return s.PadLeft(width)
End Function
Private Function JustifyCenter(s As String, width As Integer) As String
Return s.PadLeft((width + s.Length) / 2).PadRight(width)
End Function
Sub Main()
Dim input As String() = {"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$", "are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program", "that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$", "column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.", "Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$", "justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column."}
For Each line As String In AlignColumns(input, AddressOf JustifyLeft)
Console.WriteLine(line)
Next
Console.ReadLine()
End Sub
End Module
```
{{out}}
```txt
-- Left:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
-- Center:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
-- Right:
Given a text file of many lines, where fields within a line
are delineated by a single 'dollar' character, write a program
that aligns each column of fields by ensuring that words in each
column are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a column to be either left
justified, right justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## zkl
```zkl
fcn format(text,how){
words:=text.split("$").apply("split").flatten();
max:=words.reduce(fcn(p,n){ n=n.len(); n>p and n or p },0);
wordsPerCol:=80/(max+1);
fmt:=(switch(how){
case(-1){ "%%-%ds ".fmt(max).fmt }
case(0) { fcn(max,w){
a:=(max-w.len())/2; b:=max-w.len() - a; String(" "*a,w," "*b);
}.fp(max)
}
case(1){ "%%%ds ".fmt(max).fmt }
});
w:=words.walker(); d:=Data(0,Int);
do{ w.pump(wordsPerCol,d,fmt).append("\n") } while(not w.atEnd);
d.text;
}
```
```zkl
text:=
"Given$a$text$file$of$many$lines,$where$fields$within$a$line$\n"
"are$delineated$by$a$single$'dollar'$character,$write$a$program\n"
"that$aligns$each$column$of$fields$by$ensuring$that$words$in$each$\n"
"column$are$separated$by$at$least$one$space.\n"
"Further,$allow$for$each$word$in$a$column$to$be$either$left$\n"
"justified,$right$justified,$or$center$justified$within$its$column.\n";
format(text,-1).print();
format(text, 0).print();
format(text, 1).print();
```
Blow apart the text into a list of words, find max len of any word, calc how many words will fit on a 80 col line, format all words into a bit bucket line at a time. Formatting is "%-ms" or "%ms" for left & right justify (m is field width), calculated for center. fmt is the string format method or center calc function, depending. Where string formatting can be used, it would be better to format all words in a line in one go but the code would be longer.
{{out}}
Given a text file of many lines,
where fields within a line are delineated
by a single 'dollar' character, write a
program that aligns each column of fields
by ensuring that words in each column
are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a
column to be either left justified, right
justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines,
where fields within a line are delineated
by a single 'dollar' character, write a
program that aligns each column of fields
by ensuring that words in each column
are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a
column to be either left justified, right
justified, or center justified within its column.
Given a text file of many lines,
where fields within a line are delineated
by a single 'dollar' character, write a
program that aligns each column of fields
by ensuring that words in each column
are separated by at least one space.
Further, allow for each word in a
column to be either left justified, right
justified, or center justified within its column.
```
## ZX Spectrum Basic
The max width (without 'hack') of ZX Spectrum screen is 32 characters. The text sample is adapted for this feature.
```zxbasic
5 BORDER 2
10 DATA 6
20 DATA "The$problem$of$Speccy$"
30 DATA "is$the$screen.$"
40 DATA "Need$adapt$text$sample$"
50 DATA "for$show$the$result$"
60 DATA "without$problem$,right?$"
70 DATA "But$see$the$code.$"
80 REM First find the maximum length of a 'word'
90 LET max=0: LET d$="$"
100 READ nlines
110 FOR l=1 TO nlines
120 READ t$
130 GO SUB 1000
150 NEXT l
155 LET s$=" "( TO max)
160 REM Now display the aligned text:
170 LET m$="l": GO SUB 2000: PRINT
180 LET m$="r": GO SUB 2000: PRINT
190 LET m$="c": GO SUB 2000
200 STOP
1000 REM Maximum length of a word
1010 LET lt=LEN t$: LET p=1: LET lw=0
1020 FOR i=1 TO lt
1030 IF t$(i)=d$ THEN LET lw=i-p: LET p=i: IF lw>max THEN LET max=lw
1040 NEXT i
1050 RETURN
2000 REM Show aligned text
2010 RESTORE 20
2020 FOR l=1 TO nlines
2030 READ t$
2040 GO SUB 3000
2050 NEXT l
2060 RETURN
3000 REM Show words
3010 LET lt=LEN t$: LET p=1: LET lw=0
3020 FOR i=1 TO lt
3030 IF t$(i)<>d$ THEN GO TO 3090
3035 LET lw=i-p
3040 LET p$=t$(p TO i-1): LET p=i+1: LET z$=s$
3050 IF m$="l" THEN LET z$( TO lw)=p$
3060 IF m$="r" THEN LET z$(max-lw+1 TO )=p$
3070 IF m$="c" THEN LET z$((max/2)-(lw/2) TO )=p$
3080 PRINT z$;
3090 NEXT i
3095 PRINT
3100 RETURN
```
{{out}}Left alignement example:
```txt
The problem of Speccy
is the screen.
Need adapt text sample
for show the result
without problem ,right?
But see the code.
```
{{omit from|PARI/GP|No real capacity for string manipulation}}