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[[Category:Puzzles]]
{{task|Games}}
Create a simple version of the board game: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastermind_(board_game) Mastermind].
It must be possible to:
- choose the number of colors will be used in the game(2 - 20)
- choose the color code length(4 - 10)
- choose the maximum number of guesses the player has (7 - 20)
- choose whether or not will be repeated colors in the code
The game should display all the player guesses and the results of that guess.
Display(just an idea.): {| class="wikitable" border="1" |- ! Feature !! Graphic Version !! Text Version |- | Player guess | Colored circles | Alphabet letters |- |Correct color & position |Black circle |X |- |Correct color |White circle |O |- |None |Gray circle | - |- |}
A text version example: 1: ADEF - XXO-
Translates to:
first guess;
the four colors(ADEF);
result: two correct colors and spot, one correct color/wrong spot one color is not in the code.
Happy coding!
;Related tasks:
- [[Bulls and cows]]
- [[Bulls and cows/Player]]
- [[Guess the number]]
- [[Guess the number/With Feedback]]
Ada
{{works with|Ada|Ada|2012}}
with Ada.Text_IO;
with Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random;
with Ada.Strings.Fixed;
with Ada.Containers.Ordered_Sets;
use Ada.Strings.Fixed;
procedure MasterMind
is
subtype Color_Number is Positive range 2 .. 20;
subtype Code_Size is Positive range 4 .. 10;
subtype Guesses_Number is Positive range 7 .. 20;
subtype Color is Character range 'A' .. 'T';
function Hint(correct, guess : in String) return String
is
Xs : Natural := 0;
Os : Natural := 0;
to_display : String(1 .. correct'Length) := (others => '-');
begin
for I in guess'Range loop
if guess(I) = correct(I) then
Xs := Xs + 1;
to_display(I) := 'X';
end if;
end loop;
for I in guess'Range loop
if to_display(I) = '-' then
for J in correct'Range loop
if J /= I and to_display(J) /= 'X' and correct(J) = guess(I) then
Os := Os + 1;
exit;
end if;
end loop;
end if;
end loop;
return Xs * 'X' & Os * 'O' & (guess'Length - Xs - Os) * '-';
end Hint;
generic
type Data is (<>);
function Input(message : in String) return Data;
-- Input will loop until a correct value is given by the user.
-- For each wrong input, the program will prompt the range of expected values.
function Input(message : in String) return Data is
begin
loop
Ada.Text_IO.Put(message);
declare
S : constant String := Ada.Text_IO.Get_Line;
begin
return Data'Value(S);
exception
when Constraint_Error =>
Ada.Text_IO.New_Line;
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Invalid input!");
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line
("Expected values in range:"
& Data'First'Img & " .." & Data'Last'Img);
Ada.Text_IO.New_Line;
end;
end loop;
end;
function Input_Color_Number is new Input(Color_Number);
function Input_Code_Size is new Input(Code_Size);
function Input_Guesses_Number is new Input(Guesses_Number);
function Input_Boolean is new Input(Boolean);
CN : constant Color_Number := Input_Color_Number("How many colors? ");
GN : constant Guesses_Number := Input_Guesses_Number("How many guesses? ");
CS : constant Code_Size := Input_Code_Size("Size of the code? ");
repeats : Boolean := Input_Boolean("With repeats? ");
-- Not constant: if Color < Code_Size, we will have repetitions anyway.
subtype Actual_Colors is Color range Color'First .. Color'Val(Color'Pos(Color'First) + CN - 1);
package Actual_Colors_Sets is new Ada.Containers.Ordered_Sets(Element_Type => Actual_Colors);
package Color_Random is new Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random(Result_Subtype => Actual_Colors);
generator : Color_Random.Generator;
function Random return String
is
C : String(1 .. CS);
seen : Actual_Colors_Sets.Set;
begin
for I in C'Range loop
C(I) := Color_Random.Random(generator);
while (not repeats) and seen.Contains(C(I)) loop
C(I) := Color_Random.Random(generator);
end loop;
seen.Include(C(I));
end loop;
return C;
end Random;
function Get_Code return String is
begin
loop
Ada.Text_IO.Put("> ");
declare
input : constant String := Ada.Text_IO.Get_Line;
begin
if input'Length /= CS then
raise Constraint_Error;
end if;
for C of input loop
if C not in Actual_Colors then
raise Constraint_Error;
end if;
end loop;
return input;
exception
when Constraint_Error =>
Ada.Text_IO.New_Line;
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Invalid input!");
Ada.Text_IO.New_Line;
end;
end loop;
end Get_Code;
found : Boolean := False;
begin
if (not repeats) and (CN < CS) then
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Not enough colors! Using repeats anyway.");
repeats := True;
end if;
Color_Random.Reset(generator);
declare
answer : constant String := Random;
previous : array(1 .. GN) of String(1 .. CS*2);
begin
for I in 1 .. GN loop
declare
guess : constant String := Get_Code;
begin
if guess = answer then
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("You won, congratulations!");
found := True;
else
previous(I) := guess & Hint(answer, guess);
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line(44 * '-');
for J in 1 .. I loop
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line
(previous(J)(1 .. CS)
& " => " & previous(J)(CS+1 .. previous(J)'Last));
end loop;
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line(44 * '-');
Ada.Text_IO.New_Line;
end if;
end;
exit when found;
end loop;
if not found then
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("You lost, sorry! The answer was: " & answer);
end if;
end;
end MasterMind;
{{out}}
How many colors? 9
How many guesses? 4
Invalid input!
Expected values in range: 7 .. 20
How many guesses? 20
Size of the code? 4
With repeats? False
> ABCD
--------------------------------------------
ABCD => XOO-
--------------------------------------------
> EFGH
--------------------------------------------
ABCD => XOO-
EFGH => O---
--------------------------------------------
> ABCE
--------------------------------------------
ABCD => XOO-
EFGH => O---
ABCE => XOO-
--------------------------------------------
> ABCF
--------------------------------------------
ABCD => XOO-
EFGH => O---
ABCE => XOO-
ABCF => XOO-
--------------------------------------------
> ABCG
--------------------------------------------
ABCD => XOO-
EFGH => O---
ABCE => XOO-
ABCF => XOO-
ABCG => XXOO
--------------------------------------------
> ACBG
You won, congratulations!
C++
#include <iostream> #include <algorithm> #include <ctime> #include <string> #include <vector> typedef std::vector<char> vecChar; class master { public: master( size_t code_len, size_t clr_count, size_t guess_count, bool rpt ) { std::string color = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST"; if( code_len < 4 ) code_len = 4; else if( code_len > 10 ) code_len = 10; if( !rpt && clr_count < code_len ) clr_count = code_len; if( clr_count < 2 ) clr_count = 2; else if( clr_count > 20 ) clr_count = 20; if( guess_count < 7 ) guess_count = 7; else if( guess_count > 20 ) guess_count = 20; codeLen = code_len; colorsCnt = clr_count; guessCnt = guess_count; repeatClr = rpt; for( size_t s = 0; s < colorsCnt; s++ ) { colors.append( 1, color.at( s ) ); } } void play() { bool win = false; combo = getCombo(); while( guessCnt ) { showBoard(); if( checkInput( getInput() ) ) { win = true; break; } guessCnt--; } if( win ) { std::cout << "\n\n--------------------------------\n" << "Very well done!\nYou found the code: " << combo << "\n--------------------------------\n\n"; } else { std::cout << "\n\n--------------------------------\n" << "I am sorry, you couldn't make it!\nThe code was: " << combo << "\n--------------------------------\n\n"; } } private: void showBoard() { vecChar::iterator y; for( int x = 0; x < guesses.size(); x++ ) { std::cout << "\n--------------------------------\n"; std::cout << x + 1 << ": "; for( y = guesses[x].begin(); y != guesses[x].end(); y++ ) { std::cout << *y << " "; } std::cout << " : "; for( y = results[x].begin(); y != results[x].end(); y++ ) { std::cout << *y << " "; } int z = codeLen - results[x].size(); if( z > 0 ) { for( int x = 0; x < z; x++ ) std::cout << "- "; } } std::cout << "\n\n"; } std::string getInput() { std::string a; while( true ) { std::cout << "Enter your guess (" << colors << "): "; a = ""; std::cin >> a; std::transform( a.begin(), a.end(), a.begin(), ::toupper ); if( a.length() > codeLen ) a.erase( codeLen ); bool r = true; for( std::string::iterator x = a.begin(); x != a.end(); x++ ) { if( colors.find( *x ) == std::string::npos ) { r = false; break; } } if( r ) break; } return a; } bool checkInput( std::string a ) { vecChar g; for( std::string::iterator x = a.begin(); x != a.end(); x++ ) { g.push_back( *x ); } guesses.push_back( g ); int black = 0, white = 0; std::vector<bool> gmatch( codeLen, false ); std::vector<bool> cmatch( codeLen, false ); for( int i = 0; i < codeLen; i++ ) { if( a.at( i ) == combo.at( i ) ) { gmatch[i] = true; cmatch[i] = true; black++; } } for( int i = 0; i < codeLen; i++ ) { if (gmatch[i]) continue; for( int j = 0; j < codeLen; j++ ) { if (i == j || cmatch[j]) continue; if( a.at( i ) == combo.at( j ) ) { cmatch[j] = true; white++; break; } } } vecChar r; for( int b = 0; b < black; b++ ) r.push_back( 'X' ); for( int w = 0; w < white; w++ ) r.push_back( 'O' ); results.push_back( r ); return ( black == codeLen ); } std::string getCombo() { std::string c, clr = colors; int l, z; for( size_t s = 0; s < codeLen; s++ ) { z = rand() % ( int )clr.length(); c.append( 1, clr[z] ); if( !repeatClr ) clr.erase( z, 1 ); } return c; } size_t codeLen, colorsCnt, guessCnt; bool repeatClr; std::vector<vecChar> guesses, results; std::string colors, combo; }; int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) { srand( unsigned( time( 0 ) ) ); master m( 4, 8, 12, false ); m.play(); return 0; }
{{out}}
Enter your guess (ABCDEFGH): gbda
--------------------------------
1: A B C D : X O O -
--------------------------------
2: A A A E : O - - -
--------------------------------
3: E E E E : - - - -
--------------------------------
4: B B B C : X - - -
--------------------------------
5: D B A F : X O O -
--------------------------------
6: G B D A : X X X -
Enter your guess (ABCDEFGH): hbda
--------------------------------
Very well done!
You found the code: HBDA
--------------------------------
EasyLang
[https://easylang.online/apps/mastermind.html Run it]
subr init_vars row = 7 . func draw_rate r black white . . for j range 2 for c range 2 move c * 3.5 + 76.5 r * 11.5 + 10.4 + j * 3.5 if black > 0 color 000 circle 1.4 black -= 1 elif white > 0 color 999 circle 1.4 white -= 1 else color 310 circle 0.7 . . . . func show_code . . color 531 move 27 0 rect 46 8 for i range 4 move i * 8 + 33 3 color col[code[i]] circle 2 . . func draw_guess . . for c range 4 move c * 12 + 25 row * 11.5 + 12 color col[guess[c]] circle 3.8 . . func next_row . . color 420 linewidth 11 move 22 row * 11.5 + 12 line 65 row * 11.5 + 12 call draw_guess move 78.5 row * 11.5 + 12 color 310 circle 5.0 move 75.7 row * 11.5 + 9.8 color 753 text "OK" . func rate . . move 78.5 row * 11.5 + 12 color 531 circle 5.2 c[] = code[] g[] = guess[] for i range 4 if c[i] = g[i] black += 1 c[i] = -1 g[i] = -2 . . for i range 4 for j range 4 if c[i] = g[j] white += 1 c[i] = -1 g[j] = -2 . . . call draw_rate row black white color 531 linewidth 12 move 22 row * 11.5 + 12 line 65 row * 11.5 + 12 call draw_guess row -= 1 if black = 4 row = -1 . if row = -1 call show_code timer 1 else call next_row . . on timer row = -2 . func new . . call init_vars for i range 4 code[i] = random 6 . color 531 move 15 10 rect 70 80 linewidth 10 move 10 5 line 10 95 line 90 95 line 90 5 line 10 5 color 310 linewidth 7 move 33 3.5 line 63 3.5 move 35 1 color 864 textsize 4.5 text "Mastermind" color 310 linewidth 0.5 move 15 10 line 15 96 move 72 10 line 72 96 move 85 10 line 85 96 for r range 8 for c range 4 move c * 12 + 25 r * 11.5 + 12 circle 2 . call draw_rate r 0 0 . for i range 4 guess[i] = i . call next_row . func do_move . . c = floor ((mouse_x - 20) / 12) guess[c] = (guess[c] + 1) mod 6 call draw_guess . on mouse_down if row = -2 call new elif mouse_y > row * 11.5 + 7 and mouse_y < row * 11.5 + 17 if mouse_x > 20 and mouse_x < 66 call do_move elif mouse_x > 72 and mouse_x < 85 call rate . . . call new
## Go
```Go
package main
import (
"errors"
"flag"
"fmt"
"log"
"math/rand"
"strings"
"time"
)
func main() {
log.SetPrefix("mastermind: ")
log.SetFlags(0)
colours := flag.Int("colours", 6, "number of colours to use (2-20)")
flag.IntVar(colours, "colors", 6, "alias for colours")
holes := flag.Int("holes", 4, "number of holes (the code length, 4-10)")
guesses := flag.Int("guesses", 12, "number of guesses allowed (7-20)")
unique := flag.Bool("unique", false, "disallow duplicate colours in the code")
flag.Parse()
rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
m, err := NewMastermind(*colours, *holes, *guesses, *unique)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
err = m.Play()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}
type mastermind struct {
colours int
holes int
guesses int
unique bool
code string
past []string // history of guesses
scores []string // history of scores
}
func NewMastermind(colours, holes, guesses int, unique bool) (*mastermind, error) {
if colours < 2 || colours > 20 {
return nil, errors.New("colours must be between 2 and 20 inclusive")
}
if holes < 4 || holes > 10 {
return nil, errors.New("holes must be between 4 and 10 inclusive")
}
if guesses < 7 || guesses > 20 {
return nil, errors.New("guesses must be between 7 and 20 inclusive")
}
if unique && holes > colours {
return nil, errors.New("holes must be > colours when using unique")
}
return &mastermind{
colours: colours,
holes: holes,
guesses: guesses,
unique: unique,
past: make([]string, 0, guesses),
scores: make([]string, 0, guesses),
}, nil
}
func (m *mastermind) Play() error {
m.generateCode()
fmt.Printf("A set of %s has been selected as the code.\n", m.describeCode(m.unique))
fmt.Printf("You have %d guesses.\n", m.guesses)
for len(m.past) < m.guesses {
guess, err := m.inputGuess()
if err != nil {
return err
}
fmt.Println()
m.past = append(m.past, guess)
str, won := m.scoreString(m.score(guess))
if won {
plural := "es"
if len(m.past) == 1 {
plural = ""
}
fmt.Printf("You found the code in %d guess%s.\n", len(m.past), plural)
return nil
}
m.scores = append(m.scores, str)
m.printHistory()
fmt.Println()
}
fmt.Printf("You are out of guesses. The code was %s.\n", m.code)
return nil
}
const charset = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
const blacks = "XXXXXXXXXX"
const whites = "OOOOOOOOOO"
const nones = "----------"
func (m *mastermind) describeCode(unique bool) string {
ustr := ""
if unique {
ustr = " unique"
}
return fmt.Sprintf("%d%s letters (from 'A' to %q)",
m.holes, ustr, charset[m.colours-1],
)
}
func (m *mastermind) printHistory() {
for i, g := range m.past {
fmt.Printf("-----%s---%[1]s--\n", nones[:m.holes])
fmt.Printf("%2d: %s : %s\n", i+1, g, m.scores[i])
}
}
func (m *mastermind) generateCode() {
code := make([]byte, m.holes)
if m.unique {
p := rand.Perm(m.colours)
for i := range code {
code[i] = charset[p[i]]
}
} else {
for i := range code {
code[i] = charset[rand.Intn(m.colours)]
}
}
m.code = string(code)
//log.Printf("code is %q", m.code)
}
func (m *mastermind) inputGuess() (string, error) {
var input string
for {
fmt.Printf("Enter guess #%d: ", len(m.past)+1)
if _, err := fmt.Scanln(&input); err != nil {
return "", err
}
input = strings.ToUpper(strings.TrimSpace(input))
if m.validGuess(input) {
return input, nil
}
fmt.Printf("A guess must consist of %s.\n", m.describeCode(false))
}
}
func (m *mastermind) validGuess(input string) bool {
if len(input) != m.holes {
return false
}
for i := 0; i < len(input); i++ {
c := input[i]
if c < 'A' || c > charset[m.colours-1] {
return false
}
}
return true
}
func (m *mastermind) score(guess string) (black, white int) {
scored := make([]bool, m.holes)
for i := 0; i < len(guess); i++ {
if guess[i] == m.code[i] {
black++
scored[i] = true
}
}
for i := 0; i < len(guess); i++ {
if guess[i] == m.code[i] {
continue
}
for j := 0; j < len(m.code); j++ {
if i != j && !scored[j] && guess[i] == m.code[j] {
white++
scored[j] = true
}
}
}
return
}
func (m *mastermind) scoreString(black, white int) (string, bool) {
none := m.holes - black - white
return blacks[:black] + whites[:white] + nones[:none], black == m.holes
}
{{out|note=using Knuth's five-guess algorithm}}
A set of 4 letters (from 'A' to 'F') has been selected as the code.
You have 12 guesses.
[... output of first guesses omitted ...]
Enter guess #4: FEDE
------------------
1: AABB : ----
------------------
2: FFED : XOOO
------------------
3: DFDF : XO--
------------------
4: FEDE : XOOO
Enter guess #5: EFFE
You found the code in 5 guesses.
Javascript
You can try it [http://paulo-jorente.de/webgames/repos/mastermind/ here].
class Mastermind { constructor() { this.colorsCnt; this.rptColors; this.codeLen; this.guessCnt; this.guesses; this.code; this.selected; this.game_over; this.clear = (el) => { while (el.hasChildNodes()) { el.removeChild(el.firstChild); } }; this.colors = ["🤡", "👹", "👺", "👻", "👽", "👾", "🤖", "🐵", "🐭", "🐸", "🎃", "🤠", "☠️", "🦄", "🦇", "🛸", "🎅", "👿", "🐲", "🦋" ]; } newGame() { this.selected = null; this.guessCnt = parseInt(document.getElementById("gssCnt").value); this.colorsCnt = parseInt(document.getElementById("clrCnt").value); this.codeLen = parseInt(document.getElementById("codeLen").value); if (this.codeLen > this.colorsCnt) { document.getElementById("rptClr").selectedIndex = 1; } this.rptColors = document.getElementById("rptClr").value === "yes"; this.guesses = 0; this.game_over = false; const go = document.getElementById("gameover"); go.innerText = ""; go.style.visibility = "hidden"; this.clear(document.getElementById("code")); this.buildPalette(); this.buildPlayField(); } buildPalette() { const pal = document.getElementById("palette"), z = this.colorsCnt / 5, h = Math.floor(z) != z ? Math.floor(z) + 1 : z; this.clear(pal); pal.style.height = `${44 * h + 3 * h}px`; const clrs = []; for (let c = 0; c < this.colorsCnt; c++) { clrs.push(c); const b = document.createElement("div"); b.className = "bucket"; b.clr = c; b.innerText = this.colors[c]; b.addEventListener("click", () => { this.palClick(b); }); pal.appendChild(b); } this.code = []; while (this.code.length < this.codeLen) { const r = Math.floor(Math.random() * clrs.length); this.code.push(clrs[r]); if (!this.rptColors) { clrs.splice(r, 1); } } } buildPlayField() { const brd = document.getElementById("board"); this.clear(brd); const w = 49 * this.codeLen + 7 * this.codeLen + 5; brd.active = 0; brd.style.width = `${w}px`; document.querySelector(".column").style.width = `${w + 20}px`; this.addGuessLine(brd); } addGuessLine(brd) { const z = document.createElement("div"); z.style.clear = "both"; brd.appendChild(z); brd.active += 10; for (let c = 0; c < this.codeLen; c++) { const d = document.createElement("div"); d.className = "bucket"; d.id = `brd${brd.active+ c}`; d.clr = -1; d.addEventListener("click", () => { this.playClick(d); }) brd.appendChild(d); } } palClick(bucket) { if (this.game_over) return; if (null === this.selected) { bucket.classList.add("selected"); this.selected = bucket; return; } if (this.selected !== bucket) { this.selected.classList.remove("selected"); bucket.classList.add("selected"); this.selected = bucket; return; } this.selected.classList.remove("selected"); this.selected = null; } vibrate() { const brd = document.getElementById("board"); let timerCnt = 0; const exp = setInterval(() => { if ((timerCnt++) > 60) { clearInterval(exp); brd.style.top = "0px"; brd.style.left = "0px"; } let x = Math.random() * 4, y = Math.random() * 4; if (Math.random() < .5) x = -x; if (Math.random() < .5) y = -y; brd.style.top = y + "px"; brd.style.left = x + "px"; }, 10); } playClick(bucket) { if (this.game_over) return; if (this.selected) { bucket.innerText = this.selected.innerText; bucket.clr = this.selected.clr; } else { this.vibrate(); } } check() { if (this.game_over) return; let code = []; const brd = document.getElementById("board"); for (let b = 0; b < this.codeLen; b++) { const h = document.getElementById(`brd${brd.active + b}`).clr; if (h < 0) { this.vibrate(); return; } code.push(h); } this.guesses++; if (this.compareCode(code)) { this.gameOver(true); return; } if (this.guesses >= this.guessCnt) { this.gameOver(false); return; } this.addGuessLine(brd); } compareCode(code) { let black = 0, white = 0, b_match = new Array(this.codeLen).fill(false), w_match = new Array(this.codeLen).fill(false); for (let i = 0; i < this.codeLen; i++) { if (code[i] === this.code[i]) { b_match[i] = true; w_match[i] = true; black++; } } for (let i = 0; i < this.codeLen; i++) { if (b_match[i]) continue; for (let j = 0; j < this.codeLen; j++) { if (i == j || w_match[j]) continue; if (code[i] === this.code[j]) { w_match[j] = true; white++; break; } } } const brd = document.getElementById("board"); let d; for (let i = 0; i < black; i++) { d = document.createElement("div"); d.className = "pin"; d.style.backgroundColor = "#a00"; brd.appendChild(d); } for (let i = 0; i < white; i++) { d = document.createElement("div"); d.className = "pin"; d.style.backgroundColor = "#eee"; brd.appendChild(d); } return (black == this.codeLen); } gameOver(win) { if (this.game_over) return; this.game_over = true; const cd = document.getElementById("code"); for (let c = 0; c < this.codeLen; c++) { const d = document.createElement("div"); d.className = "bucket"; d.innerText = this.colors[this.code[c]]; cd.appendChild(d); } const go = document.getElementById("gameover"); go.style.visibility = "visible"; go.innerText = win ? "GREAT!" : "YOU FAILED!"; const i = setInterval(() => { go.style.visibility = "hidden"; clearInterval(i); }, 3000); } } const mm = new Mastermind(); document.getElementById("newGame").addEventListener("click", () => { mm.newGame() }); document.getElementById("giveUp").addEventListener("click", () => { mm.gameOver(); }); document.getElementById("check").addEventListener("click", () => { mm.check() });
To test you'll need a HTML file
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/style.css" type="text/css">
<title>Mastermind</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="gameover"></div>
<div class="column">
<div id="board" style="position: relative"></div>
<div style="clear: both"> </div>
<button id="check" style="margin-top:20px">Check!</button>
<button id="giveUp">Give up!</button>
<div id="code" style="margin-top: 40px"></div>
</div>
<div class="columnS">
<div id="ctrls">
<label for="clrCnt">Colors count:</label>
<input type="number" id="clrCnt" max="20" min="2" value="6"></input>
<br />
<label for="codeLen">Code length:</label>
<input type="number" id="codeLen" max="10" min="4" value="4"></input>
<br />
<label for="gssCnt">Guesses count:</label>
<input type="number" id="gssCnt" max="20" min="7" value="12"></input>
<br />
<label for="rptClr">Repeat colors:</label>
<select id="rptClr">
<option value="no">No</option>
<option value="yes">Yes</option>
</select>
<button id="newGame" style="width: 100%">New game</button>
</div>
<div id="palette"></div>
</div>
<script src="./src/index.js" type="module"></script>
</body>
</html>
And a CSS file
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
user-select: none;
}
body {
background-color: #222;
text-align: left
}
button {
width: 101px;
height: 26px;
background-color: #444;
color: #ddd;
border: 1px solid #333;
border-radius: 4px;
}
input,
select {
float: right;
width: 60px;
height: 24px;
margin-top: 6px;
font-size: 20px;
}
#palette {
margin-top: 40px;
width: 233px;
border-radius: 5px;
border: 1px solid #fff;
}
#ctrls {
border-radius: 5px;
border: 1px solid #fff;
padding: 10px;
font-size: 20px;
width: 233px;
line-height: 36px;
color: #fff;
}
#gameover {
position: absolute;
top: 90px;
left: 0;
font-size: 100px;
text-align: center;
color: rgb(248, 143, 4);
background: rgba(34, 34, 34, .8);
padding: 10px;
z-index: 999;
}
.column,
.columnS {
float: left;
width: 249px;
margin: 30px;
}
.columnS {
width: 300px;
margin-left: 0;
}
.bucket {
float: left;
width: 42px;
height: 42px;
line-height: 40px;
font-size: 26px;
border: 2px solid #fff;
border-radius: 3px;
margin: 2px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.selected {
border: 2px solid #d00;
}
.pin {
float: left;
width: 14px;
height: 14px;
border-radius: 50%;
margin: 2px;
}
Julia
GUI version, uses the Gtk toolkit.
using Gtk, Colors, Cairo, Graphics struct Guess code::Vector{Color} guess::Vector{Color} hint::Vector{Color} end function Guess(code, guess) len = length(code) hints = fill(colorant"gray", len) # gray default for (i, g) in enumerate(guess), (j, c) in enumerate(code) if g == c if i == j hints[i] = colorant"black" elseif hints[i] != colorant"black" hints[i] = colorant"white" end end end g = Guess([c for c in code], [c for c in guess], [c for c in hints]) end tovec(guess) = [x for x in [guess.code; guess.guess; guess.hint]] function mastermindapp() allu(s) = length(unique(s)) == length(s) ccode(c, n, rok) = while true a = rand(c, n); if rok || allu(a) return a end end numcolors, codelength, maxguesses, allowrep, gameover = 10, 4, 10, false, false colors = distinguishable_colors(numcolors) code = ccode(colors, numcolors, allowrep) guesshistory = Vector{Guess}() win = GtkWindow("Mastermind Game", 900, 750) |> (GtkFrame() |> (box = GtkBox(:v))) settingsbox = GtkBox(:h) playtoolbar = GtkToolbar() setcolors = GtkScale(false, 4:20) set_gtk_property!(setcolors, :hexpand, true) adj = GtkAdjustment(setcolors) set_gtk_property!(adj, :value, 10) clabel = GtkLabel("Number of Colors") setcodelength = GtkScale(false, 4:10) set_gtk_property!(setcodelength, :hexpand, true) adj = GtkAdjustment(setcodelength) set_gtk_property!(adj, :value, 4) slabel = GtkLabel("Code Length") setnumguesses = GtkScale(false, 4:40) set_gtk_property!(setnumguesses, :hexpand, true) adj = GtkAdjustment(setnumguesses) set_gtk_property!(adj, :value, 10) nlabel = GtkLabel("Max Guesses") allowrepeatcolor = GtkScale(false, 0:1) set_gtk_property!(allowrepeatcolor, :hexpand, true) rlabel = GtkLabel("Allow Repeated Colors (0 = No)") newgame = GtkToolButton("New Game") set_gtk_property!(newgame, :label, "New Game") set_gtk_property!(newgame, :is_important, true) tryguess = GtkToolButton("Submit Current Guess") set_gtk_property!(tryguess, :label, "Submit Current Guess") set_gtk_property!(tryguess, :is_important, true) eraselast = GtkToolButton("Erase Last (Unsubmitted) Pick") set_gtk_property!(eraselast, :label, "Erase Last (Unsubmitted) Pick") set_gtk_property!(eraselast, :is_important, true) map(w->push!(settingsbox, w),[clabel, setcolors, slabel, setcodelength, nlabel, setnumguesses, rlabel, allowrepeatcolor]) map(w->push!(playtoolbar, w),[newgame, tryguess, eraselast]) scrwin = GtkScrolledWindow() can = GtkCanvas() set_gtk_property!(can, :expand, true) map(w -> push!(box, w),[settingsbox, playtoolbar, scrwin]) push!(scrwin, can) currentguess = RGB[] guessesused = 0 colorpositions = Point[] function newgame!(w) empty!(guesshistory) numcolors = Int(GAccessor.value(setcolors)) codelength = Int(GAccessor.value(setcodelength)) maxguesses = Int(GAccessor.value(setnumguesses)) allowrep = Int(GAccessor.value(allowrepeatcolor)) colors = distinguishable_colors(numcolors) code = ccode(colors, codelength, allowrep == 1) empty!(currentguess) currentneeded = codelength guessesused = 0 gameover = false draw(can) end signal_connect(newgame!, newgame, :clicked) function saywon!() warn_dialog("You have WON the game!", win) gameover = true end function outofguesses!() warn_dialog("You have Run out of moves! Game over.", win) gameover = true end can.mouse.button1press = @guarded (widget, event) -> begin if !gameover && (i = findfirst(p -> sqrt((p.x - event.x)^2 + (p.y - event.y)^2) < 20, colorpositions)) != nothing if length(currentguess) < codelength if allowrep == 0 && !allu(currentguess) warn_dialog("Please erase the duplicate color.", win) else push!(currentguess, colors[i]) draw(can) end else warn_dialog("You need to submit this guess if ready.", win) end end end @guarded draw(can) do widget ctx = Gtk.getgc(can) select_font_face(ctx, "Courier", Cairo.FONT_SLANT_NORMAL, Cairo.FONT_WEIGHT_BOLD) fontpointsize = 12 set_font_size(ctx, fontpointsize) workcolor = colorant"black" set_source(ctx, workcolor) move_to(ctx, 0, fontpointsize) show_text(ctx, "Color options: " * "-"^70) stroke(ctx) empty!(colorpositions) for i in 1:numcolors set_source(ctx, colors[i]) circle(ctx, i * 40, 40, 20) push!(colorpositions, Point(i * 40, 40)) fill(ctx) end set_gtk_property!(can, :expand, false) # kludge for good text overwriting move_to(ctx, 0, 80) set_source(ctx, workcolor) show_text(ctx, string(maxguesses - guessesused, pad = 2) * " moves remaining.") stroke(ctx) set_gtk_property!(can, :expand, true) for i in 1:codelength set_source(ctx, i > length(currentguess) ? colorant"lightgray" : currentguess[i]) circle(ctx, i * 40, 110, 20) fill(ctx) end if length(guesshistory) > 0 move_to(ctx, 0, 155) set_source(ctx, workcolor) show_text(ctx, "Past Guesses: " * "-"^70) for (i, g) in enumerate(guesshistory), (j, c) in enumerate(tovec(g)[codelength+1:end]) x = j * 40 + (j > codelength ? 20 : 0) y = 150 + 40 * i set_source(ctx, c) circle(ctx, x, y, 20) fill(ctx) end end Gtk.showall(win) end function submitguess!(w) if length(currentguess) == length(code) g = Guess(code, currentguess) push!(guesshistory, g) empty!(currentguess) guessesused += 1 draw(can) if all(i -> g.code[i] == g.guess[i], 1:length(code)) saywon!() elseif guessesused > maxguesses outofguesses!() end end end signal_connect(submitguess!, tryguess, :clicked) function undolast!(w) if length(currentguess) > 0 pop!(currentguess) draw(can) end end signal_connect(undolast!, eraselast, :clicked) newgame!(win) Gtk.showall(win) condition = Condition() endit(w) = notify(condition) signal_connect(endit, win, :destroy) showall(win) wait(condition) end mastermindapp()
Kotlin
{{trans|C++}}
// version 1.2.51 import java.util.Random val rand = Random() class Mastermind { private val codeLen: Int private val colorsCnt: Int private var guessCnt = 0 private val repeatClr: Boolean private val colors: String private var combo = "" private val guesses = mutableListOf<CharArray>() private val results = mutableListOf<CharArray>() constructor(codeLen: Int, colorsCnt: Int, guessCnt: Int, repeatClr: Boolean) { val color = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST" this.codeLen = codeLen.coerceIn(4, 10) var cl = colorsCnt if (!repeatClr && cl < this.codeLen) cl = this.codeLen this.colorsCnt = cl.coerceIn(2, 20) this.guessCnt = guessCnt.coerceIn(7, 20) this.repeatClr = repeatClr this.colors = color.take(this.colorsCnt) } fun play() { var win = false combo = getCombo() while (guessCnt != 0) { showBoard() if (checkInput(getInput())) { win = true break } guessCnt-- } println("\n\n--------------------------------") if (win) { println("Very well done!\nYou found the code: $combo") } else { println("I am sorry, you couldn't make it!\nThe code was: $combo") } println("--------------------------------\n") } private fun showBoard() { for (x in 0 until guesses.size) { println("\n--------------------------------") print("${x + 1}: ") for (y in guesses[x]) print("$y ") print(" : ") for (y in results[x]) print("$y ") val z = codeLen - results[x].size if (z > 0) print("- ".repeat(z)) } println("\n") } private fun getInput(): String { while (true) { print("Enter your guess ($colors): ") val a = readLine()!!.toUpperCase().take(codeLen) if (a.all { it in colors } ) return a } } private fun checkInput(a: String): Boolean { guesses.add(a.toCharArray()) var black = 0 var white = 0 val gmatch = BooleanArray(codeLen) val cmatch = BooleanArray(codeLen) for (i in 0 until codeLen) { if (a[i] == combo[i]) { gmatch[i] = true cmatch[i] = true black++ } } for (i in 0 until codeLen) { if (gmatch[i]) continue for (j in 0 until codeLen) { if (i == j || cmatch[j]) continue if (a[i] == combo[j]) { cmatch[j] = true white++ break } } } val r = mutableListOf<Char>() r.addAll("X".repeat(black).toList()) r.addAll("O".repeat(white).toList()) results.add(r.toCharArray()) return black == codeLen } private fun getCombo(): String { val c = StringBuilder() val clr = StringBuilder(colors) for (s in 0 until codeLen) { val z = rand.nextInt(clr.length) c.append(clr[z]) if (!repeatClr) clr.deleteCharAt(z) } return c.toString() } } fun main(args: Array<String>) { val m = Mastermind(4, 8, 12, false) m.play() }
Sample input/output (showing last 2 guesses only):
Enter your guess (ABCDEFGH): hcgb
--------------------------------
1: A B C D : O - - -
--------------------------------
2: E F G H : X O O -
--------------------------------
3: E G F A : O O - -
--------------------------------
4: G F E A : O O - -
--------------------------------
5: F H G B : X X O -
--------------------------------
6: F B G C : X O - -
--------------------------------
7: F G A B : X O - -
--------------------------------
8: A H G C : X O - -
--------------------------------
9: G H D B : X O O -
--------------------------------
10: H A G B : X X X -
--------------------------------
11: H C G B : X X X -
Enter your guess (ABCDEFGH): hegb
--------------------------------
Very well done!
You found the code: HEGB
--------------------------------
Lua
Based on C++
math.randomseed( os.time() ) local black, white, none, code = "X", "O", "-" local colors, codeLen, maxGuess, rept, alpha, opt = 6, 4, 10, false, "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST", "" local guesses, results function createCode() code = "" local dic, a = "" for i = 1, colors do dic = dic .. alpha:sub( i, i ) end for i = 1, codeLen do a = math.floor( math.random( 1, #dic ) ) code = code .. dic:sub( a, a ) if not rept then dic = dic:sub(1, a - 1 ) .. dic:sub( a + 1, #dic ) end end end function checkInput( inp ) table.insert( guesses, inp ) local b, w, fnd, str = 0, 0, {}, "" for bl = 1, codeLen do if inp:sub( bl, bl ) == code:sub( bl, bl ) then b = b + 1; fnd[bl] = true else for wh = 1, codeLen do if nil == fnd[bl] and wh ~= bl and inp:sub( wh, wh ) == code:sub( bl, bl ) then w = w + 1; fnd[bl] = true end end end end for i = 1, b do str = str .. string.format( "%s ", black ) end for i = 1, w do str = str .. string.format( "%s ", white ) end for i = 1, 2 * codeLen - #str, 2 do str = str .. string.format( "%s ", none ) end table.insert( results, str ) return b == codeLen end function play() local err, win, r = true, false; for j = 1, colors do opt = opt .. alpha:sub( j, j ) end while( true ) do createCode(); guesses, results = {}, {} for i = 1, maxGuess do err = true; while( err ) do io.write( string.format( "\n-------------------------------\nYour guess (%s)?", opt ) ) inp = io.read():upper(); if #inp == codeLen then err = false; for k = 1, #inp do if( nil == opt:find( inp:sub( k, k ) ) ) then err = true; break; end end end end if( checkInput( inp ) ) then win = true; break else for l = 1, #guesses do print( string.format( "%.2d: %s : %s", l, guesses[l], results[l] ) ) end end end if win then print( "\nWell done!" ) else print( string.format( "\nSorry, you did not crack the code --> %s!", code ) ) end io.write( "Play again( Y/N )? " ); r = io.read() if r ~= "Y" and r ~= "y" then break end end end --[[ entry point ]]--- if arg[1] ~= nil and tonumber( arg[1] ) > 1 and tonumber( arg[1] ) < 21 then colors = tonumber( arg[1] ) end if arg[2] ~= nil and tonumber( arg[2] ) > 3 and tonumber( arg[2] ) < 11 then codeLen = tonumber( arg[2] ) end if arg[3] ~= nil and tonumber( arg[3] ) > 6 and tonumber( arg[3] ) < 21 then maxGuess = tonumber( arg[3] ) end if arg[4] ~= nil and arg[4] == "true" or arg[4] == "false" then rept = ( arg[4] == "true" ) end play()
{{out}}
-------------------------------
Your guess (ABCDEF)?bcde
01: BCDE : X X - -
-------------------------------
Your guess (ABCDEF)?bcaf
01: BCDE : X X - -
02: BCAF : X O O -
-------------------------------
Your guess (ABCDEF)?badf
01: BCDE : X X - -
02: BCAF : X O O -
03: BADF : X X O -
-------------------------------
Your guess (ABCDEF)?bafe
Well done!
Play again( Y/N )?
Perl
{{trans|Perl 6}}
use List::Util qw(any); print 'Enter pool size, puzzle size, attempts allowed: '; ($pool,$length,$tries) = split /\s+/, <>; $length = 4 if $length eq '' or $length < 3 or $length > 11; $pool = 6 if $pool eq '' or $pool < 2 or $pool > 21; $tries = 10 if $tries eq '' or $tries < 7 or $tries > 21; @valid = sort { -1 + 2*int(rand 2) } ('A' .. 'T')[0..$pool-1]; @puzzle = @valid[0..$length-1]; $black = '●'; $white = '○'; while () { header(); print "$_\n" for @guesses; lose() if @guesses == $tries; @guess = get_guess(); next unless is_valid(@guess); $score = score(\@puzzle, \@guess); win() if $score eq join ' ', ($black) x $length; push @guesses, join(' ', @guess) . ' :: ' . $score; } sub score { local *puzzle = shift; local *guess = shift; my @score; for $i (0..$length-1) { if ( $puzzle[$i] eq $guess[$i]) { push @score, $black } elsif (any {$puzzle[$i] eq $_} @guess) { push @score, $white } else { push @score, '-' } } join ' ', reverse sort @score; } sub header { $num = $tries - @guesses; print "Valid letter, but wrong position: ○ - Correct letter and position: ●\n"; print "Guess the $length element sequence containing the letters " . join(', ', sort @valid) . "\n"; printf "Repeats are not allowed. You have $num guess%s remaining\n", $num > 1 ? 'es' : ''; } sub get_guess { print 'Your guess?: '; $g = <>; return split /\s*/, uc $g } sub is_valid { $length == @_ } sub win { print 'You win! The correct answer is: ' . join(' ',@puzzle) . "\n"; exit } sub lose { print 'Too bad, you ran out of guesses. The solution was: ' . join(' ',@puzzle) . "\n"; exit }
Sample output, omitting redundant instructions. {{out}}
Valid letter, but wrong position: ○ - Correct letter and position: ●
Guess the 4 element sequence containing the letters A, B, C, D, E, F
Repeats are not allowed. You have 10 guesses remaining
Your guess?: a b c e
A B C E :: ○ ○ ○ -
Your guess?: b a d c
Repeats are not allowed. You have 8 guesses remaining
A B C E :: ○ ○ ○ -
B A D C :: ● ● ○ ○
Your guess?: a b c d
Repeats are not allowed. You have 7 guesses remaining
A B C E :: ○ ○ ○ -
B A D C :: ● ● ○ ○
A B C D :: ○ ○ ○ ○
Your guess?: b d a c
You win! The correct answer is: B D A C
```
## Perl 6
{{works with|Rakudo|2017.01}}
By default, plays classic Mastermind using letters in place of colors. ( 4 chosen from 6, no repeats, 10 guess limit. ) Pass in parameters to modify the game. Enter a string of --length (default 4) letters with or without spaces. Guesses accept lower or upper case.
```perl6
sub MAIN (
Int :$colors where 1 < * < 21 = 6, Int :$length where 3 < * < 11 = 4,
Int :$guesses where 7 < * < 21 = 10, Bool :$repeat = False
) {
my @valid = ('A' .. 'T')[^$colors];
my $puzzle = $repeat ?? @valid.roll($length) !! @valid.pick($length);
my @guesses;
my $black = '●';
my $white = '○';
loop {
clearscr();
say header();
printf " %{$length * 2}s :: %s\n", @guesses[$_][0], @guesses[$_][1] for ^@guesses;
say '';
lose() if @guesses == $guesses;
my $guess = get-guess();
next unless $guess.&is-valid;
my $score = score($puzzle, $guess);
win() if $score eq ($black xx $length).join: ' ';
@guesses.push: [$guess, $score];
}
sub header {
my $num = $guesses - @guesses;
qq:to/END/;
Valid letter, but wrong position: ○ - Correct letter and position: ●
Guess the {$length} element sequence containing the letters {@valid}
Repeats are {$repeat ?? '' !! 'not '}allowed. You have $num guess{ $num == 1 ?? '' !! 'es'} remaining.
END
}
sub score ($puzzle, $guess) {
my @score;
for ^$length {
if $puzzle[$_] eq $guess[$_] {
@score.push: $black;
}
elsif $puzzle[$_] eq any(@$guess) {
@score.push: $white;
}
else {
@score.push('-');
}
}
@score.sort.reverse.join: ' ';
}
sub clearscr { $*KERNEL ~~ /'win32'/ ?? run('cls') !! run('clear') }
sub get-guess { (uc prompt 'Your guess?: ').comb(/@valid/) }
sub is-valid (@guess) { so $length == @guess }
sub win { say 'You Win! The correct answer is: ', $puzzle; exit }
sub lose { say 'Too bad, you ran out of guesses. The solution was: ', $puzzle; exit }
}
```
{{out|Sample output}}
```txt
Valid letter, but wrong position: ○ - Correct letter and position: ●
Guess the 4 element sequence containing the letters A B C D E F
Repeats are not allowed. You have 5 guesses remaining.
A B C D :: ○ ○ ○ -
C A B E :: ● ○ ○ -
D A E F :: ● ○ - -
B A E C :: ● ○ ○ -
D E B C :: ○ ○ ○ ○
Your guess?: cdeb
You Win! The correct answer is: (C D E B)
```
## Phix
OTT GUI solution, fully configurable with solver.
```Phix
-- demo/rosetta/mastermind.exw
constant SET_LIMIT = 1_000_000 -- above this, it uses random sampling.
constant help_text = """
The game of mastermind, with a Knuth solver.
Specify the number of colours (1..20), the code length (1..10), the
number of guesses allowed (1-20), and whether colours can be repeated
(auto-ticked & greyed-out inactive when length>colours).
Note that at the highest settings there are 10,240,000,000,000 possible
answers: the (order n squared) analysis of that is simply not practical,
as indeed is simply building the initial list of all possible answers,
and therefore a fixed limit of 1,000,000 has been applied, which also
just about manages to keep the program responsive. Obviously, should the
actual answer not be among those samples, it cannot possibly find it,
and it will tell you in plain english when that occurs. You can always
trim the search space back to something more reasonable at any time, and
still play the game when that limit is breached, with weaker hints.
Conversely the lowest settings do not make for an interesting game, but
proved quite useful when ironing out some bugs, so were left in.
The Use button (disabled until something useful found) allows you to
take the best found (so far), displayed at the top of the colours frame.
Obviously "1/1 (100%)" means that it has deduced the correct answer.
Below that the colours frame shows all available colours, which can be
individually clicked in any order.
Press Delete or click on the last peg (in the left-hand game frame)
to remove it, before the last one is placed, however once full your
turn is immediately scored and cannot be undone.
New Game, Help, and Exit buttons are assumed to be self-explanatory.
Changing the option settings implicitly triggers a new game, except
for the number of permitted guesses, pre-game-over. Reducing the
number of guesses can also be used as a means of conceding.
When a correct guess is entered or all guesses have been used the hint
and colours are replaced with "GAME OVER - YOU WIN/LOSE" under the
actual answer.
"""
include pGUI.e
Ihandle dlg, colours, codelen, maxgoes, repeats, progress,
usehint, game_canvas, colour_canvas
integer ncolours, ncodelen, nmaxgoes
bool brepeats
sequence secret = {},
hint = {},
guesses = {{}},
scores = {}
--
-- note: while the game is ongoing, length(guesses) should always be
-- length(scores)+1; equal lengths is equivalent to game over.
--
function get_score(sequence guess, goal)
integer blacks = 0, -- (right colour & place)
whites = 0 -- ("" but wrong place)
for i=1 to length(guess) do
if guess[i]=goal[i] then
blacks += 1
guess[i] = ' '
goal[i] = ' '
end if
end for
for i=1 to length(guess) do
if guess[i]!=' ' then
integer k = find(guess[i],goal)
if k then
whites += 1
goal[k] = ' '
end if
end if
end for
return {blacks, whites}
end function
function random_set()
-- create the secret code, and/or (when rqd) a SET_LIMIT random sample
sequence cset = tagset(ncolours),
res = repeat(0,ncodelen)
for i=1 to ncodelen do
integer c = rand(length(cset))
res[i] = cset[c]
if not brepeats then
cset[c..c] = {}
end if
end for
return res
end function
sequence initial_set
atom is_len, -- logically length(initial_set), except when > SET_LIMIT.
excluded -- initialset[1..excluded-1], are not, [excluded..$] are.
procedure create_initial_set()
is_len = iff(brepeats?power(ncolours,ncodelen):k_perm(ncolours,ncodelen))
if is_len<=SET_LIMIT then
--
-- generate the full set
--
initial_set = repeat(0,is_len)
excluded = is_len+1 -- (ie none)
sequence next = iff(brepeats?repeat(1,ncodelen):tagset(ncodelen))
for i=1 to is_len do
initial_set[i] = next
for ndx=length(next) to 1 by -1 do
integer n = next[ndx]
while n<=ncolours do
n += 1
if brepeats
-- or not find(n,next[1..ndx-1]) then
or not find(n,next) then --(see below)
exit
end if
end while
next[ndx] = n
if n<=ncolours then
if not brepeats then
--
-- Fill in the rest lowest-first, eg
-- in the 4 colours and 4 holes case:
-- (start) (above) (this)
-- {1,2,3,4} --> {1,2,4,_} --> {1,2,4,3}
-- {1,2,4,3} --> {1,3,_,_} --> {1,3,2,4}
-- ... (20 other cases omitted)
-- {4,3,1,2} --> {4,3,2,_} --> {4,3,2,1}
--
-- (probably sub-optimal, but insignificant
-- vs. the o(n^2) analysis which follows.)
--
for j=ndx+1 to length(next) do
for k=1 to ncolours do
-- if not find(k,next[1..j-1]) then
if not find(k,next) then --(see below)
next[j] = k
exit
end if
end for
end for
end if
exit
end if
--
-- technical note: if not brepeats, we are going to
-- replace all next[ndx..$] later/above anyway, but
-- replacing with 0 means we can avoid those slices.
-- The next three all work: 1 is perfect for the
-- brepeats=true case, but brepeats=false needs the
-- above slices, while the 2nd & 3rd are equivalent
-- the latter is obviously somewhat faster, at the
-- cost of a wtf?!, without a comment such as this.
--
-- next[ndx] = 1
-- next[ndx] = iff(brepeats?1:0)
next[ndx] = brepeats -- (equivalent)
end for
end for
else
--
-- generate SET_LIMIT random codes
-- note that if (as is quite likely) the actual answer is
-- not present in initial_set, then obviously it cannot
-- possibly find it!
--
initial_set = repeat(0,SET_LIMIT)
excluded = SET_LIMIT+1 -- (ie none)
for i=1 to SET_LIMIT do
initial_set[i] = random_set()
end for
end if
end procedure
atom done, is_done, best
function idle_action()
atom to_do = excluded-1,
t1 = time()+1
string samp = iff(is_len=length(initial_set)?"":sprintf(" samples of %,d",{is_len}))
for i=1 to 100000 do -- reasonable slice of work
done += 1
is_done += (donet1 then exit end if
end for
IupSetStrAttribute(progress,"TITLE","%,d/%,d%s (%d%%)",{is_done,to_do,samp,100*(is_done/to_do)})
return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
constant idle_action_cb = Icallback("idle_action")
procedure start_idle()
done = 0
is_done = 0
best = length(initial_set)+1
IupSetGlobalFunction("IDLE_ACTION",idle_action_cb)
end procedure
procedure new_game()
ncolours = IupGetInt(colours,"VALUE")
ncodelen = IupGetInt(codelen,"VALUE")
nmaxgoes = IupGetInt(maxgoes,"VALUE")
brepeats = IupGetInt(repeats,"VALUE")
secret = random_set()
guesses = {{}}
scores = {}
hint = {}
create_initial_set()
start_idle()
end procedure
constant colour_table = {#e6194b, -- Red
#3cb44b, -- Green
#ffe119, -- Yellow
#4363d8, -- Blue
#f58231, -- Orange
#911eb4, -- Purple
#42d4f4, -- Cyan
#f032e6, -- Magenta
#bfef45, -- Lime
#fabebe, -- Pink
#469990, -- Teal
#e6beff, -- Lavender
#9A6324, -- Brown
#fffac8, -- Beige
#800000, -- Maroon
#aaffc3, -- Mint
#808000, -- Olive
#ffd8b1, -- Apricot
#000075, -- Navy
#a9a9a9} -- Grey
-- saved in redraw_cb(), for click testing in button_cb():
sequence last_guess = {},
colour_centres = {}
integer guess_r2 = 0,
colour_r2 = 0
function redraw_cb(Ihandle ih, integer /*posx*/, integer /*posy*/)
Ihandle frame = IupGetParent(ih)
string title = IupGetAttribute(ih,"TITLE")
if not find(title,{"Game","Colours"}) then ?9/0 end if
integer {cw,ch} = IupGetIntInt(ih, "DRAWSIZE")
cdCanvas cddbuffer = IupGetAttributePtr(ih,"DBUFFER")
IupGLMakeCurrent(ih)
cdCanvasActivate(cddbuffer)
cdCanvasClear(cddbuffer)
if title="Game" then
integer mx = min(floor(cw/(ncodelen*1.5+0.5)),floor(ch/(nmaxgoes+1))),
diameter = floor(mx/2),
px = floor((cw-(ncodelen*1.5+0.5)*mx)/2), -- (set margin)
cy = ch, cx, c, r
last_guess = {}
for g=1 to length(guesses) do
cy -= mx
cx = px+floor(mx/2)
for i=1 to 2*ncodelen+1 do
if i!=ncodelen+1 then
if i<=ncodelen then
if i<=length(guesses[g]) then
c = colour_table[guesses[g][i]]
if g=length(guesses) then
last_guess = {{cx,ch-cy}}
end if
else
c = CD_GREY
end if
r = diameter
else
c = CD_GREY
if g<=length(scores) then
integer k = i-ncodelen-1,
{b,w} = scores[g]
c = iff(k<=b ? CD_BLACK : iff(k<=b+w ? CD_WHITE : CD_GREY))
end if
r = floor(diameter*0.5)
end if
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,c)
cdCanvasSector(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r, r, 0, 360)
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,CD_DARK_GREY)
cdCanvasCircle(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r)
end if
cx += iff(i0
if length(scores)=nmaxgoes then
hint = secret
active = true
end if
for i=1 to ncodelen do
c = iff(active?colour_table[hint[i]]:CD_GREY)
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,c)
cdCanvasSector(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r, r, 0, 360)
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,CD_DARK_GREY)
cdCanvasCircle(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r)
cx += mx
end for
if length(scores)=nmaxgoes
or guesses[$]=secret then
ch -= floor(mx/2)
{} = cdCanvasTextAlignment(cddbuffer, CD_CENTER)
string wl = iff(guesses[$]=secret?"WIN":"LOSE"),
msg = sprintf("GAME OVER - YOU %s",{wl})
cdCanvasText(cddbuffer, cw/2, ch/2, msg)
else
integer ch0 = ch
ch -= mx
--
-- calculate the best nw*nh way to fit all the colours in:
-- (if nw ends up = ncodelen there is no clear separation
-- between the hint and the colour table; the start with
-- ncodelen+1 solves that and looks pretty good to me.)
--
integer nw = ncodelen+1, -- (as above)
nh = 1
while nw*nh(ch/(nh+1)) then
nw += 1
else
nh += 1
end if
end while
--
-- now draw all the colours
--
mx = min(floor(cw/nw),floor(ch/nh))
r = floor(mx/2)
px = floor((cw-nw*mx)/2)
cx = px+floor(mx/2)
cy = ch-r
integer this_row = 0
colour_centres = repeat(0,ncolours)
colour_r2 = floor(r*r/4)
for i=1 to ncolours do
colour_centres[i] = {cx,ch0-cy}
c = colour_table[i]
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,c)
cdCanvasSector(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r, r, 0, 360)
cdCanvasSetForeground(cddbuffer,CD_DARK_GREY)
cdCanvasCircle(cddbuffer, cx, cy, r)
cx += mx
this_row += 1
if this_row>=nw then
this_row = 0
cx = px + floor(mx/2)
cy -= mx
end if
end for
end if
end if
cdCanvasFlush(cddbuffer)
return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
function map_cb(Ihandle ih)
IupGLMakeCurrent(ih)
atom res = IupGetDouble(NULL, "SCREENDPI")/25.4
cdCanvas cddbuffer = cdCreateCanvas(CD_GL, "10x10 %g", {res})
IupSetAttributePtr(ih,"DBUFFER",cddbuffer)
cdCanvasSetBackground(cddbuffer, CD_PARCHMENT)
return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
function canvas_resize_cb(Ihandle canvas)
cdCanvas cddbuffer = IupGetAttributePtr(canvas,"DBUFFER")
integer {canvas_width, canvas_height} = IupGetIntInt(canvas, "DRAWSIZE")
atom res = IupGetDouble(NULL, "SCREENDPI")/25.4
cdCanvasSetAttribute(cddbuffer, "SIZE", "%dx%d %g", {canvas_width, canvas_height, res})
return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
procedure redraw_all()
IupUpdate({game_canvas,colour_canvas})
end procedure
procedure undo_move()
-- Called from button_cb and from K_DEL, but latter may be invalid.
if length(guesses[$])!=0 then
guesses[$] = guesses[$][1..$-1]
redraw_all()
end if
end procedure
procedure add_move(integer i)
if i!=0 then
guesses[$] &= i
end if
if length(guesses[$])=ncodelen then
sequence guest = guesses[$],
score = get_score(guest,secret)
scores = append(scores,score)
if score!={ncodelen,0} -- (not all black==game over)
and length(guesses)ncolours then
IupSetInt(repeats,"VALUE",true)
end if
brepeats = IupGetInt(repeats,"VALUE")
if ih!=maxgoes
or length(scores)=length(guesses) then -- (game over)
new_game()
elsif nmaxgoes<=length(scores) then
-- (signal/force game over state)
guesses = guesses[1..length(scores)]
end if
redraw_all()
return IUP_DEFAULT
end function
constant cb_valuechanged = Icallback("valuechanged_cb")
procedure main()
IupOpen()
colours = IupText("SPIN=Yes, SPINMIN=1, SPINMAX=20, VALUE=6, RASTERSIZE=34x")
codelen = IupText("SPIN=Yes, SPINMIN=1, SPINMAX=10, VALUE=4, RASTERSIZE=34x")
maxgoes = IupText("SPIN=Yes, SPINMIN=1, SPINMAX=20, VALUE=7, RASTERSIZE=34x")
repeats = IupToggle("Repeatable?","VALUE=YES, RIGHTBUTTON=YES, PADDING=5x4")
progress = IupLabel("-","EXPAND=HORIZONTAL, PADDING=5x4")
usehint = IupButton("Use",Icallback("usehint_cb"),"PADDING=5x4, ACTIVE=NO")
game_canvas = IupGLCanvas("RASTERSIZE=200x")
colour_canvas = IupGLCanvas("RASTERSIZE=x200")
Ihandle newgame = IupButton("New Game",Icallback("new_game_cb"),"PADDING=5x4"),
help = IupButton("Help (F1)",Icallback("help_cb"),"PADDING=5x4"),
quit = IupButton("E&xit",Icallback("exit_cb"),"PADDING=5x4"),
vbox = IupVbox({IupHbox({IupLabel("Colours (1-20)","PADDING=5x4"),colours}),
IupHbox({IupLabel("Code Length (1-10)","PADDING=5x4"),codelen}),
IupHbox({IupLabel("Guesses (1-20)","PADDING=5x4"),maxgoes}),
IupHbox({repeats},"MARGIN=10x5"),
IupHbox({progress}),
IupHbox({usehint,newgame,help,quit})},"MARGIN=5x5"),
game_frame = IupFrame(IupHbox({game_canvas},"MARGIN=3x3"),"TITLE=Game"),
option_frame = IupFrame(vbox,"TITLE=Options"),
colour_frame = IupFrame(colour_canvas,"TITLE=Colours"),
full = IupHbox({game_frame,IupVbox({option_frame,colour_frame})})
IupSetCallbacks({colours,codelen,maxgoes,repeats}, {"VALUECHANGED_CB", cb_valuechanged})
IupSetCallbacks({game_canvas,colour_canvas}, {"ACTION", Icallback("redraw_cb"),
"MAP_CB", Icallback("map_cb"),
"RESIZE_CB", Icallback("canvas_resize_cb"),
"BUTTON_CB", Icallback("button_cb")})
dlg = IupDialog(IupHbox({full},"MARGIN=3x3"),"TITLE=Mastermind")
IupSetCallback(dlg, "K_ANY", Icallback("key_cb"))
IupSetAttributeHandle(dlg,"DEFAULTENTER", usehint)
new_game()
IupShowXY(dlg,IUP_CENTER,IUP_CENTER)
IupSetAttribute(dlg, "RASTERSIZE", NULL)
IupSetStrAttribute(dlg, "MINSIZE", IupGetAttribute(dlg,"RASTERSIZE"))
IupMainLoop()
IupClose()
end procedure
main()
```
## Prolog
```Prolog
mastermind :- mastermind(7, 4, 8, no_duplicates).
mastermind(Colours, Length, Guesses, Duplicates) :-
between(2, 20, Colours),
between(4, 10, Length),
between(7, 20, Guesses),
member(Duplicates, [allow_duplicates, no_duplicates]),
create_board(Colours, Length, Duplicates, Board),
intro(Colours, Length, Duplicates),
play(board(Board, Length, Colours, Guesses), [], 0), !.
intro(Colours, Length, Duplicates) :-
format('Guess the code!~n'),
format('There are ~p character types, and ~p letters to guess~n',
[Colours, Length]),
Duplicates = allow_duplicates
-> format('Duplicates are allowed~n~n')
; format('Duplicates are not allowed~n~n').
/* Create the combination to be guessed */
create_board(Colours, Length, Duplicates, Board) :-
length(Board, Length),
valid_char_list(Colours, CharSet),
repeat,
maplist(random_alpha(CharSet), Board),
check_for_duplicates(Board, Duplicates).
check_for_duplicates(_, allow_dupicates).
check_for_duplicates(Board, no_duplicates) :- is_set(Board).
/* Main loop - get the player guess and print out status */
play(board(Board,_,_,MaxGuesses), _, MaxGuesses) :-
write('Sorry, You failed to guess in time...!\nThe code was : '),
maplist(write, Board),
nl.
play(BoardData, PrevGuesses, GuessNum) :-
BoardData = board(_, Length, Colours, MaxGuesses),
GuessNum < MaxGuesses,
ReportedGuess is GuessNum + 1,
format('Guess #~p of #~p: ', [ReportedGuess, MaxGuesses]),
get_player_guess(Length, Colours, Guess),
evaluate_and_print_result(BoardData, PrevGuesses, ReportedGuess, Guess).
evaluate_and_print_result(board(Board,_,_,_), _, _,Board) :-
format('Well done! You Guessed Correctly.~n').
evaluate_and_print_result(BoardData, PrevGuesses, NextGuessNum, Guess) :-
BoardData = board(Board, _, _, _),
dif(Board, Guess),
match_guess_to_board(Board, Guess, Diffs),
append(PrevGuesses, [guess(NextGuessNum, Guess, Diffs)], Guesses),
maplist(print_guess, Guesses),
play(BoardData, Guesses, NextGuessNum).
/* Get the player guess and validate that it matches the rules */
get_player_guess(Length, Colours, Guess) :-
repeat,
read_line_to_string(user_input, Line),
string_chars(Line, Guess),
% validate the correct number of items have been entered
length(Guess, Length),
% validate that all the characters are valid for the number of colours
valid_char_list(Colours, ValidCharSet),
subset(Guess, ValidCharSet).
/* Predicates to figure out how many places are correct */
match_guess_to_board(Board, Guess, Matches) :-
maplist(guess_differences(Board), Board, Guess, Differences),
sort(0, @>=, Differences, Matches).
% Same position, same type
guess_differences(_Board, B, B, 'X').
% Same type, different position
guess_differences(Board, B, G, 'O') :- dif(B, G), member(G, Board).
% Type not on board
guess_differences(Board, B, G, '-') :- dif(B, G), \+ member(G, Board).
/* Print out the current progress */
print_guess(guess(NextGuessNumber, Guess, Differences)) :-
format('~w: ', NextGuessNumber),
maplist(format('~w '), Guess),
format(' : '),
maplist(format('~w '), Differences),
nl.
/* Utils */
alpha_chars([a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,q,r,s,t]).
valid_char_list(Colours, CharSet) :-
alpha_chars(AllChars),
truncate_list(AllChars, Colours, CharSet).
random_alpha(AllChars, RandomMember) :- random_member(RandomMember, AllChars).
truncate_list(_, 0, []).
truncate_list([A|T], N, [A|R]) :-
N > 0,
N1 is N - 1,
truncate_list(T, N1, R).
```
{{out}}
```txt
1 ?- mastermind.
Guess the code!
There are 7 character types, and 4 letters to guess
Duplicates are not allowed
Guess #1 of #8: abcd
1: a b c d : X O O -
Guess #2 of #8: acbe
1: a b c d : X O O -
2: a c b e : X O - -
Guess #3 of #8: fgab
1: a b c d : X O O -
2: a c b e : X O - -
3: f g a b : O O - -
Guess #4 of #8: cdfg
1: a b c d : X O O -
2: a c b e : X O - -
3: f g a b : O O - -
4: c d f g : X X O -
Guess #5 of #8: cdfb
1: a b c d : X O O -
2: a c b e : X O - -
3: f g a b : O O - -
4: c d f g : X X O -
5: c d f b : X X O -
Guess #6 of #8: cdaf
1: a b c d : X O O -
2: a c b e : X O - -
3: f g a b : O O - -
4: c d f g : X X O -
5: c d f b : X X O -
6: c d a f : X O O O
Guess #7 of #8: acdf
1: a b c d : X O O -
2: a c b e : X O - -
3: f g a b : O O - -
4: c d f g : X X O -
5: c d f b : X X O -
6: c d a f : X O O O
7: a c d f : X O O O
Guess #8 of #8: adfc
Well done! You Guess Correctly.
true.
```
## Python
{{works with|cpython|3.7.3}}
Tested in Python 3.7.3. Includes input verification.
```python
import random
def encode(correct, guess):
output_arr = [''] * len(correct)
for i, (correct_char, guess_char) in enumerate(zip(correct, guess)):
output_arr[i] = 'X' if guess_char == correct_char else 'O' if guess_char in correct else '-'
return ''.join(output_arr)
def safe_int_input(prompt, min_val, max_val):
while True:
user_input = input(prompt)
try:
user_input = int(user_input)
except ValueError:
continue
if min_val <= user_input <= max_val:
return user_input
def play_game():
print("Welcome to Mastermind.")
print("You will need to guess a random code.")
print("For each guess, you will receive a hint.")
print("In this hint, X denotes a correct letter, and O a letter in the original string but in a different position.")
print()
number_of_letters = safe_int_input("Select a number of possible letters for the code (2-20): ", 2, 20)
code_length = safe_int_input("Select a length for the code (4-10): ", 4, 10)
letters = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST'[:number_of_letters]
code = ''.join(random.choices(letters, k=code_length))
guesses = []
while True:
print()
guess = input(f"Enter a guess of length {code_length} ({letters}): ").upper().strip()
if len(guess) != code_length or any([char not in letters for char in guess]):
continue
elif guess == code:
print(f"\nYour guess {guess} was correct!")
break
else:
guesses.append(f"{len(guesses)+1}: {' '.join(guess)} => {' '.join(encode(code, guess))}")
for i_guess in guesses:
print("------------------------------------")
print(i_guess)
print("------------------------------------")
if __name__ == '__main__':
play_game()
```
{{out}}
```txt
Welcome to Mastermind.
You will need to guess a random code.
For each guess, you will receive a hint.
In this hint, X denotes a correct letter, and O a letter in the original string but a different position.
Select a number of possible letters for the code (2-20): 4
Select a length for the code (4-10): 4
*omitted first guesses*
Enter a guess of length 4 (ABCD): cdaa
------------------------------------
1: A A B B => O O - -
------------------------------------
2: C D A A => O X X O
------------------------------------
Enter a guess of length 4 (ABCD): ddac
Your guess DDAC was correct!
```
## REXX
More checks could have been added (for illegal inputs and illegal options).
```rexx
/*REXX pgm scores mastermind game with a human or CBLFs (Carbon Based Life Forms). */
parse arg let wid mxG oRep seed _ /*obtain optional arguments from the CL*/
arg . . . rep . /*get uppercase 4th argument " " " */
if let=='' | let=="," then let= 20 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/
if wid=='' | wid=="," then wid= 4 /* " " " " " " */
if mxG=='' | mxG=="," then mxG= 20 /* " " " " " " */
if rep=='' | rep=="," then rep= 0 /* " " " " " " */
if datatype(seed,'W') then call random ,,seed /*use a seed for random repeatability. */
if abbrev( 'REPEATSALLOWED',rep,3) then rep=1 /*allow an abbreviated option for REP. */
if abbrev('NOREPEATSALLOWED',rep,3) then rep=0 /* " " " " " " */
call vet arg(), 'args' /*Vet the number of arguments entered. */ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
call vet let, 'letters', 2, 20 /* " " " " letters in the code*/ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
call vet wid, 'width', 4, 10 /* " " " " the width of code. */ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
call vet mxG, 'maxGuess', 7, 20 /* " " " " maximum guesses. */ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
call vet rep, 'REP', 0, 1e8 /* " " value if repeats are allowed*/ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
call gen; yourG= 'Your guess must be exactly '
youve= "You've already tried that guess "
do prompt=0 by 0 until xx==wid; say /*play until guessed or QUIT is entered*/
say id 'Please enter a guess with ' wid ' letters [or Quit]:'
pull g; g=space(g,0); L=length(g); if abbrev('QUIT',g,1) then exit 0
if L\==wid then do; say id '***error***' yourG wid " letters."; iterate; end
call dups /*look through the history log for dups*/
q=?; XX=0; OO=0; try=try+1 /*initialize some REXX vars; bump TRY.*/
do j=1 for L; if substr(g,j,1) \== substr(q,j,1) then iterate /*hit? */
xx=xx+1; q=overlay('▒', q, j) /*bump the XX correct count. */
end /*j*/ /* [↑] XX correct count; scrub guess.*/
do k=1 for L; _=substr(g, k, 1) /*process the count for "spots". */
if pos(_, q)==0 then iterate /*is this (spot) letter in the code? */
oo=oo+1; q=translate(q, , _) /*bump the OO spot count. */
end /*k*/ /* [↑] OO spot count; & scrub guess.*/
say
@.try=id right('guess' try, 11) ' ('mxG "is the max):" g '──►' ,
copies('X', xx)copies("O", oo)copies('-', wid-xx-oo)
call hist
if try==mxG then do; say; say id "you've used the maximum guesses:" mxG
say; say id "The code was: " ?; say; exit 1
end
end /*prompt*/
say; say " ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐"
say " │ │"
say " │ Congratulations, you've guessed it !! │"
say " │ │"
say " └─────────────────────────────────────────┘"
exit 0 /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
dups: do h=1 for try; if g\=word(@.h, 8) then iterate /*any duplicated guesses? */
say; say id youve " (guess number" h').'; iterate prompt; end /*h*/; return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
gen: if rep==0 then reps= 'no' /*create a literal for the prompt msg. */
else reps=
@abc= 'QWERTYUIOPASDFGHJKLZXCVBNM' /*capital letters used for random code.*/
id='────────'; try=0; L@abc=length(@abc) /*identifier in front of msg from here.*/
?=
do until length(?)==wid /*gen random codes 'til there's enough.*/
r=substr(@abc, random(1, L@abc), 1) /*generate a random letter, 1 at a time*/
if \rep & pos(r, ?)\==0 then iterate /*maybe don't allow a repeated digit.*/
?=? || r; if ?=='QUIT'&let==4 then ?= /*append random letter; ··· except this*/
end /*until*/ /* [↑] builds a unique N-letter code.*/
say
say id 'A random code of ' wid "letters (out of a possible " let ' letters) '
say id 'has been generated (with' reps "repeats)."
return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
hist: do hist=1 for try; say @.hist; end; return /*show "guess" history.*/
s: if arg(1)==1 then return ''; return "s" /*a simpler pluraizer. */
ser: say; say; say '***error***' arg(1); say; say; exit 13
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
vet: parse arg val,?,mn,mx /*vet (validate) a specified argument. */ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if ?=="args" & (val>1 | _\='') then call ser "Too many arguments specified. " _ /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if ?=="args" then return /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if \datatype(val, 'N') then call ser ? "isn't numeric: " val /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if \datatype(val, 'W') then call ser ? "isn't an integer: " val /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if val < mn then call ser ? "has a value less than " mn /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if val > mx then call ser ? "has a value greater than " mx /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
if ?=='REP' & \datatype(val,W) then call ser "Value for REPEATS isn't valid: " oRep /*◄■■■■■■ optional vetting.*/
return 1
```
'''output'''
```txt
──────── A random code of 4 letters (out of a possible 20 letters)
──────── has been generated (with no repeats).
──────── Please enter a guess with 4 letters [or Quit]:
abcd ◄■■■■■■ user input
──────── guess 1 (20 is the max): ABCD ──► ----
──────── Please enter a guess with 4 letters [or Quit]:
efgh ◄■■■■■■ user input
──────── guess 1 (20 is the max): ABCD ──► ----
──────── guess 2 (20 is the max): EFGH ──► ----
──────── Please enter a guess with 4 letters [or Quit]:
ijkl ◄■■■■■■ user input
──────── guess 1 (20 is the max): ABCD ──► ----
──────── guess 2 (20 is the max): EFGH ──► ----
──────── guess 3 (20 is the max): IJKL ──► O---
──────── Please enter a guess with 4 letters [or Quit]:
mnop ◄■■■■■■ user input
···············································
· (Some of the output has been elided.) ·
···············································
──────── Please enter a guess with 4 letters [or Quit]:
yinp ◄■■■■■■ user input
──────── guess 1 (20 is the max): ABCD ──► ----
──────── guess 2 (20 is the max): EFGH ──► ----
──────── guess 3 (20 is the max): IJKL ──► O---
──────── guess 4 (20 is the max): MNOP ──► XO--
──────── guess 5 (20 is the max): WXYZ ──► O---
──────── guess 6 (20 is the max): LKHI ──► O---
──────── guess 7 (20 is the max): PONM ──► XO--
──────── guess 8 (20 is the max): ZYXW ──► O---
──────── guess 9 (20 is the max): YZWX ──► X---
──────── guess 10 (20 is the max): MOPN ──► OO--
──────── guess 11 (20 is the max): OMPN ──► OO--
──────── guess 12 (20 is the max): LKJI ──► O---
──────── guess 13 (20 is the max): JILK ──► X---
──────── guess 14 (20 is the max): YINP ──► XXXX
┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ │
│ Congratulations, you've guessed it !! │
│ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────┘
```
## Ring
```ring
# Project : Mastermind
colors = ["A", "B", "C", "D"]
places = list(2)
mind = list(len(colors))
rands = list(len(colors))
master = list(len(colors))
test = list(len(colors))
guesses = 7
repeat = false
nr = 0
if repeat
for n = 1 to len(colors)
while true
rnd = random(len(colors)-1) + 1
if rands[rnd] != 1
mind[n] = rnd
rands[rnd] = 1
exit
ok
end
next
else
for n = 1 to len(colors)
rnd = random(len(colors)-1) + 1
mind[n] = rnd
next
ok
for n = 1 to len(colors)
master[n] = char(64+mind[n])
next
while true
for p = 1 to len(places)
places[p] = 0
next
nr = nr + 1
see "Your guess (ABCD)? "
give testbegin
for d = 1 to len(test)
test[d] = testbegin[d]
next
flag = 1
for n = 1 to len(test)
if upper(test[n]) != master[n]
flag = 0
ok
next
if flag = 1
exit
else
for x = 1 to len(master)
if upper(test[x]) = master[x]
places[1] = places[1] + 1
ok
next
mastertemp = master
for p = 1 to len(test)
pos = find(mastertemp, upper(test[p]))
if pos > 0
del(mastertemp, pos)
places[2] = places[2] + 1
ok
next
ok
place1 = places[1]
place2 = places[2] - place1
place3 = len(master) - (place1 + place2)
showresult(test, place1, place2, place3)
if nr = guesses
exit
ok
end
see "Well done!" + nl
see "End of game" + nl
func showresult(test, place1, place2, place3)
see "" + nr + " : "
for r = 1 to len(test)
see test[r]
next
see " : "
for n1 = 1 to place1
see "X" + " "
next
for n2 = 1 to place2
see "O" + " "
next
for n3 = 1 to place3
see "-" + " "
next
see nl
```
Output:
```txt
Your guess (ABCD)? BCDA
1 : BCDA : X X O -
Your guess (ABCD)? BCDB
2 : BCDB : X X X -
Your guess (ABCD)? BCBB
3 : BCBB : X X X -
Your guess (ABCD)? BCAB
Well done!
End of game
```
## Rust
{{libheader|rand}}
```rust
extern crate rand;
use rand::prelude::*;
use std::io;
fn main() {
let mut input_line = String::new();
let colors_n;
let code_len;
let guesses_max;
let colors_dup;
loop {
println!("Please enter the number of colors to be used in the game (2 - 20): ");
input_line.clear();
io::stdin()
.read_line(&mut input_line)
.expect("The read line failed.");
match (input_line.trim()).parse::() {
Ok(n) => {
if n >= 2 && n <= 20 {
colors_n = n;
break;
} else {
println!("Outside of range (2 - 20).");
}
}
Err(_) => println!("Invalid input."),
}
}
let colors = &"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST"[..colors_n as usize];
println!("Playing with colors {}.\n", colors);
loop {
println!("Are duplicated colors allowed in the code? (Y/N): ");
input_line.clear();
io::stdin()
.read_line(&mut input_line)
.expect("The read line failed.");
if ["Y", "N"].contains(&&input_line.trim().to_uppercase()[..]) {
colors_dup = input_line.trim().to_uppercase() == "Y";
break;
} else {
println!("Invalid input.");
}
}
println!(
"Duplicated colors {}allowed.\n",
if colors_dup { "" } else { "not " }
);
loop {
let min_len = if colors_dup { 4 } else { 4.min(colors_n) };
let max_len = if colors_dup { 10 } else { 10.min(colors_n) };
println!(
"Please enter the length of the code ({} - {}): ",
min_len, max_len
);
input_line.clear();
io::stdin()
.read_line(&mut input_line)
.expect("The read line failed.");
match (input_line.trim()).parse::() {
Ok(n) => {
if n >= min_len && n <= max_len {
code_len = n;
break;
} else {
println!("Outside of range ({} - {}).", min_len, max_len);
}
}
Err(_) => println!("Invalid input."),
}
}
println!("Code of length {}.\n", code_len);
loop {
println!("Please enter the number of guesses allowed (7 - 20): ");
input_line.clear();
io::stdin()
.read_line(&mut input_line)
.expect("The read line failed.");
match (input_line.trim()).parse::() {
Ok(n) => {
if n >= 7 && n <= 20 {
guesses_max = n;
break;
} else {
println!("Outside of range (7 - 20).");
}
}
Err(_) => println!("Invalid input."),
}
}
println!("{} guesses allowed.\n", guesses_max);
let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
let mut code;
if colors_dup {
code = (0..code_len)
.map(|_| ((65 + rng.gen_range(0, colors_n) as u8) as char))
.collect::>();
} else {
code = colors.chars().collect::>();
code.shuffle(&mut rng);
code = code[..code_len as usize].to_vec();
}
//code = vec!['J', 'A', 'R', 'D', 'A', 'N', 'I'];
//println!("Secret code: {:?}", code);
let mut guesses: Vec<(String, String)> = vec![];
let mut i = 1;
loop {
println!("Your guess ({}/{})?: ", i, guesses_max);
input_line.clear();
io::stdin()
.read_line(&mut input_line)
.expect("The read line failed.");
let mut guess = input_line.trim().to_uppercase();
if guess.len() as i32 > code_len {
guess = guess[..code_len as usize].to_string();
}
let guess_v = guess.chars().collect::>();
let res = evaluate(&code, &guess_v);
guesses.push((guess, res.clone()));
let width = 8 + guesses_max.to_string().len() + code_len as usize * 2;
println!("{}", "-".repeat(width));
for (i, guess) in guesses.iter().enumerate() {
let line = format!(
" {:w1$} : {:w2$} : {:w2$} ",
i + 1,
guess.0,
guess.1,
w1 = guesses_max.to_string().len(),
w2 = code_len as usize
);
println!("{}", line);
}
println!("{}", "-".repeat(width));
if res == "X".repeat(code_len as usize) {
println!("You won! Code: {}", code.into_iter().collect::());
break;
}
i += 1;
if i > guesses_max {
println!("You lost. Code: {}", code.into_iter().collect::());
break;
}
}
}
fn evaluate(code: &[char], guess: &[char]) -> String {
let mut res: Vec = vec![];
for i in 0..guess.len() {
if guess[i] == code[i] {
res.push('X');
} else if code.contains(&guess[i]) {
res.push('O');
} else {
res.push('-');
}
}
res.sort_by(|a, b| b.cmp(a));
res.into_iter().collect()
}
```
{{out}}
```txt
Please enter the number of colors to be used in the game (2 - 20):
20
Playing with colors ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST.
Are duplicated colors allowed in the code? (Y/N):
n
Duplicated colors not allowed.
Please enter the length of the code (4 - 10):
10
Code of length 10.
Please enter the number of guesses allowed (7 - 20):
20
20 guesses allowed.
Your guess (1/20)?:
abcdefghi
------------------------------
1 : ABCDEFGHI : OOOOOO---
------------------------------
<...>
Your guess (20/20)?:
ipgecnmhdk
------------------------------
1 : ABCDEFGHI : OOOOOO---
2 : ABCDE : OOO--
3 : ABC : O--
4 : DEBF : OO--
5 : DEAG : OOO-
6 : DEAH : OOO-
7 : DEAGH : OOOO-
8 : DEGHI : XOOOO
9 : JKLMN : OOO--
10 : JKL : O--
11 : K : O
12 : DEGHIK : XOOOOO
13 : MN : OO
14 : OPQ : X--
15 : QRS : ---
16 : PT : O-
17 : PEGHIKCMND : XOOOOOOOOO
18 : HKMNICDPEG : OOOOOOOOOO
19 : EGNHKMPDCI : OOOOOOOOOO
20 : IPGECNMHDK : XXXXXXXXOO
------------------------------
You lost. Code: IPGECHMNDK
```
## zkl
{{trans|C++}}
```zkl
class MasterMind{
fcn init(code_len,guess_count){
var codeLen =code_len.max(4).min(10);
var guessCnt=guess_count.max(7).min(20);
var colors ="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST"[0,codeLen];
}
fcn play{
guesses,win,blackWhite:=List(),False,Void;
code:=codeLen.pump(String,'wrap(_){ colors[(0).random(codeLen)] });
do(guessCnt){
str:=getInput();
win,blackWhite = checkInput(str,code);
guesses.append(T(str,blackWhite));
showBoard(guesses);
if(win) break;
}
if(win) println("--------------------------------\n",
"Very well done!\nYou found the code: ",code);
else println("--------------------------------\n",
"I am sorry, you didn't discover the code!\nThe code was: ",code);
}
fcn [private] showBoard(guesses){
foreach n,gbw in ([1..].zip(guesses)){
guess,blackWhite := gbw;
println("%2d: %s :% s %s".fmt(n,
guess.split("").concat(" "), blackWhite.split("").concat(" "),
"- "*(codeLen - blackWhite.len())));
}
}
fcn [private] getInput{
while(True){
a:=ask("Enter your guess (" + colors + "): ").toUpper()[0,codeLen];
if(not (a-colors) and a.len()>=codeLen) return(a);
}
}
fcn [private] checkInput(guess,code){
// black: guess is correct in both color and position
// white: correct color, wrong position
matched,black := guess.split("").zipWith('==,code), matched.sum(0);
// remove black from code, prepend null to make counting easy
code = L("-").extend(matched.zipWith('wrap(m,peg){ m and "-" or peg },code));
white:=0; foreach m,p in (matched.zip(guess)){
if(not m and (z:=code.find(p))){ white+=1; code[z]="-"; }
}
return(black==codeLen,"X"*black + "O"*white)
}
}(4,12).play();
```
{{out}}
```txt
Enter your guess (ABCD): abcd
1: A B C D : X O O -
Enter your guess (ABCD): abcc
1: A B C D : X O O -
2: A B C C : O O - -
Enter your guess (ABCD): aaad
1: A B C D : X O O -
2: A B C C : O O - -
3: A A A D : X - - -
Enter your guess (ABCD): bccd
1: A B C D : X O O -
2: A B C C : O O - -
3: A A A D : X - - -
4: B C C D : X X O -
Enter your guess (ABCD): dcbd
1: A B C D : X O O -
2: A B C C : O O - -
3: A A A D : X - - -
4: B C C D : X X O -
5: D C B D : X X X X
--------------------------------
Very well done!
You found the code: DCBD
```