⚠️ Warning: This is a draft ⚠️
This means it might contain formatting issues, incorrect code, conceptual problems, or other severe issues.
If you want to help to improve and eventually enable this page, please fork RosettaGit's repository and open a merge request on GitHub.
{{task|Database operations}}Parameterized SQL statements are an easy way to avoid [[wp:SQL injection|SQL injection]] attacks. SQL drivers and libraries will automatically "sanitize" input to parameterized SQL statements to avoid these catastrophic database attacks. Second, parameterized SQL performs better. A lot better.
Using a SQL update statement like this one (spacing is optional):
UPDATE players SET name = 'Smith, Steve', score = 42, active = true WHERE jerseyNum = 99
show how to make a parameterized SQL statement, set the parameters to the values given above, and execute the statement.
Non-parameterized SQL is the GoTo statement of database programming. Don't do it, and make sure your coworkers don't either.
8th
\ assuming the var 'db' contains an opened database with a schema matching the problem:
db @
"UPDATE players SET name=?1,score=?2,active=?3 WHERE jerseyNum=?4"
db:prepare var, stmt
\ bind values to the statement:
stmt @ 1 "Smith, Steve" db:bind
2 42 db:bind
3 true db:bind
4 99 db:bind
\ execute the query
db @ swap db:exec
Ada
-- Version for sqlite
with GNATCOLL.SQL_Impl; use GNATCOLL.SQL_Impl;
with GNATCOLL.SQL.Exec; use GNATCOLL.SQL.Exec;
with GNATCOLL.SQL.Sqlite; use GNATCOLL.SQL;
procedure Prepared_Query is
DB_Descr : Database_Description;
Conn : Database_Connection;
Query : Prepared_Statement;
--sqlite does not support boolean fields
True_Str : aliased String := "TRUE";
Param : SQL_Parameters (1 .. 4) :=
(1 => (Parameter_Text, null),
2 => (Parameter_Integer, 0),
3 => (Parameter_Text, null),
4 => (Parameter_Integer, 0));
begin
-- Allocate and initialize the description of the connection
Setup_Database (DB_Descr, "rosetta.db", "", "", "", DBMS_Sqlite);
-- Allocate the connection
Conn := Sqlite.Build_Sqlite_Connection (DB_Descr);
-- Initialize the connection
Reset_Connection (DB_Descr, Conn);
Query :=
Prepare
("UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? " &
" WHERE jerseyNum = ?");
declare
Name : aliased String := "Smith, Steve";
begin
Param := ("+" (Name'Access), "+" (42), "+" (True_Str'Access), "+" (99));
Execute (Conn, Query, Param);
end;
Commit_Or_Rollback (Conn);
Free (Conn);
Free (DB_Descr);
end Prepared_Query;
C
{{libheader|SQLite}} {{trans|Pascal}} Compile with:
gcc example.c -lsqlite3
Tested with gcc version 4.9.2 (Raspbian 4.9.2-10) and SQLite 3.8.7.1
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sqlite3.h> static const char* db_file = ":memory:"; // Create an in-memory database. void check_error(int result_code, sqlite3 *db); int select_callback(void* data, int column_count, char** columns, char** column_names); int main(void) { sqlite3 *db; int result_code; char *sql; char *insert_statements[4]; sqlite3_stmt *compiled_statement; int i; // Open the database. result_code = sqlite3_open(db_file, &db); check_error(result_code, db); // Create the players table in the database. sql = "create table players(" "id integer primary key asc, " "name text, " "score real, " "active integer, " // Store the bool value as integer (see https://sqlite.org/datatype3.html chapter 2.1). "jerseyNum integer);"; result_code = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, NULL, NULL, NULL); check_error(result_code, db); // Insert some values into the players table. insert_statements[0] = "insert into players (name, score, active, jerseyNum) " "values ('Roethlisberger, Ben', 94.1, 1, 7);"; insert_statements[1] = "insert into players (name, score, active, jerseyNum) " "values ('Smith, Alex', 85.3, 1, 11);"; insert_statements[2] = "insert into players (name, score, active, jerseyNum) " "values ('Manning, Payton', 96.5, 0, 18);"; insert_statements[3] = "insert into players (name, score, active, jerseyNum) " "values ('Doe, John', 15, 0, 99);"; for (i=0; i<4; i++) { result_code = sqlite3_exec(db, insert_statements[i], NULL, NULL, NULL); check_error(result_code, db); } // Display the contents of the players table. printf("Before update:\n"); sql = "select * from players;"; result_code = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, select_callback, NULL, NULL); check_error(result_code, db); // Prepare the parametrized SQL statement to update player #99. sql = "update players set name=?, score=?, active=? where jerseyNum=?;"; result_code = sqlite3_prepare_v2(db, sql, -1, &compiled_statement, NULL); check_error(result_code, db); // Bind the values to the parameters (see https://sqlite.org/c3ref/bind_blob.html). result_code = sqlite3_bind_text(compiled_statement, 1, "Smith, Steve", -1, NULL); check_error(result_code, db); result_code = sqlite3_bind_double(compiled_statement, 2, 42); check_error(result_code, db); result_code = sqlite3_bind_int(compiled_statement, 3, 1); check_error(result_code, db); result_code = sqlite3_bind_int(compiled_statement, 4, 99); check_error(result_code, db); // Evaluate the prepared SQL statement. result_code = sqlite3_step(compiled_statement); if (result_code != SQLITE_DONE) { printf("Error #%d: %s\n", result_code, sqlite3_errmsg(db)); sqlite3_close(db); return result_code; } // Destroy the prepared statement object. result_code = sqlite3_finalize(compiled_statement); check_error(result_code, db); // Display the contents of the players table. printf("After update:\n"); sql = "select * from players;"; result_code = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, select_callback, NULL, NULL); check_error(result_code, db); // Close the database connection. sqlite3_close(db); return EXIT_SUCCESS; } /* Checks the result code from an SQLite operation. If it contains an error code then this function prints the error message, closes the database and exits. */ void check_error(int result_code, sqlite3 *db) { if (result_code != SQLITE_OK) { printf("Error #%d: %s\n", result_code, sqlite3_errmsg(db)); sqlite3_close(db); exit(result_code); } } /* This callback function prints the results of the select statement. */ int select_callback(void* data, int column_count, char** columns, char** column_names) { int i; for (i=0; i<column_count; i++) { printf(columns[i]); if (i < column_count-1) printf(" | "); } printf("\n"); }
{{out}}
Before update:
1 | Roethlisberger, Ben | 94.1 | 1 | 7
2 | Smith, Alex | 85.3 | 1 | 11
3 | Manning, Payton | 96.5 | 0 | 18
4 | Doe, John | 15.0 | 0 | 99
After update:
1 | Roethlisberger, Ben | 94.1 | 1 | 7
2 | Smith, Alex | 85.3 | 1 | 11
3 | Manning, Payton | 96.5 | 0 | 18
4 | Smith, Steve | 42.0 | 1 | 99
C#
using System.Data.Sql; using System.Data.SqlClient; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { SqlConnection tConn = new SqlConnection("ConnectionString"); SqlCommand tCommand = new SqlCommand(); tCommand.Connection = tConn; tCommand.CommandText = "UPDATE players SET name = @name, score = @score, active = @active WHERE jerseyNum = @jerseyNum"; tCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@name", System.Data.SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = "Smith, Steve"); tCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@score", System.Data.SqlDbType.Int).Value = "42"); tCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@active", System.Data.SqlDbType.Bit).Value = true); tCommand.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@jerseyNum", System.Data.SqlDbType.Int).Value = "99"); tCommand.ExecuteNonQuery(); } } }
Clojure
(require '[clojure.java.jdbc :as sql]) ; Using h2database for this simple example. (def db {:classname "org.h2.Driver" :subprotocol "h2:file" :subname "db/my-dbname"}) (sql/update! db :players {:name "Smith, Steve" :score 42 :active true} ["jerseyNum = ?" 99]) ; As an alternative to update!, use execute! (sql/execute! db ["UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? WHERE jerseyNum = ?" "Smith, Steve" 42 true 99])
=={{header|F_Sharp|F#}}== {{trans|C#}}
open System.Data.SqlClient [<EntryPoint>] let main argv = use tConn = new SqlConnection("ConnectionString") use tCommand = new SqlCommand() tCommand.Connection <- tConn tCommand.CommandText <- "UPDATE players SET name = @name, score = @score, active = @active WHERE jerseyNum = @jerseyNum" tCommand.Parameters.Add(SqlParameter("@name", System.Data.SqlDbType.VarChar).Value = box "Smith, Steve") |> ignore tCommand.Parameters.Add(SqlParameter("@score", System.Data.SqlDbType.Int).Value = box 42) |> ignore tCommand.Parameters.Add(SqlParameter("@active", System.Data.SqlDbType.Bit).Value = box true) |> ignore tCommand.Parameters.Add(SqlParameter("@jerseyNum", System.Data.SqlDbType.Int).Value = box 99) |> ignore tCommand.ExecuteNonQuery() |> ignore 0
Go
package main import ( "database/sql" "fmt" _ "github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3" ) func main() { db, _ := sql.Open("sqlite3", "rc.db") defer db.Close() db.Exec(`create table players (name, score, active, jerseyNum)`) db.Exec(`insert into players values ("",0,0,"99")`) db.Exec(`insert into players values ("",0,0,"100")`) // Parameterized db.Exec(`update players set name=?, score=?, active=? where jerseyNum=?`, "Smith, Steve", 42, true, "99") rows, _ := db.Query("select * from players") var ( name string score int active bool jerseyNum string ) for rows.Next() { rows.Scan(&name, &score, &active, &jerseyNum) fmt.Printf("%3s %12s %3d %t\n", jerseyNum, name, score, active) } rows.Close() }
{{out}}
99 Smith, Steve 42 true
100 0 false
Haskell
Example uses the [http://hackage.haskell.org/package/HDBC HDBC] package:
module Main (main) where import Database.HDBC (IConnection, commit, run, toSql) updatePlayers :: IConnection a => a -> String -> Int -> Bool -> Int -> IO Bool updatePlayers conn name score active jerseyNum = do rowCount <- run conn "UPDATE players\ \ SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ?\ \ WHERE jerseyNum = ?" [ toSql name , toSql score , toSql active , toSql jerseyNum ] commit conn return $ rowCount == 1 main :: IO () main = undefined
You'll need an instance of a type with an instance for the IConnection type class in order to use this function, such as [http://hackage.haskell.org/package/HDBC-postgresql-2.3.2.5/docs/Database-HDBC-PostgreSQL.html#t:Connection Connection] from [http://hackage.haskell.org/package/HDBC-postgresql HDBC-postgresql].
Huginn
import Database as db;
import Algorithms as algo;
import FileSystem as fs;
main() {
dbPath = "/tmp/parametrized-sql.sqlite";
fs.remove( dbPath );
fs.open( dbPath, fs.OPEN_MODE.WRITE );
conn = db.connect( "sqlite3:///" + dbPath );
// Setup...
conn.query(
"CREATE TABLE Players (\n"
"\tname VARCHAR(64),\n"
"\tscore FLOAT,\n"
"\tactive INTEGER,\n"
"\tno VARCHAR(8)\n"
");"
).execute();
conn.query(
"INSERT INTO Players VALUES ( 'name', 0, 'false', 99 );"
).execute();
conn.query(
"INSERT INTO Players VALUES ( 'name', 0, 'false', 100 );"
).execute();
// Demonstrate parameterized SQL...
parametrizedQuery = conn.query(
"UPDATE Players SET name=?, score=?, active=? WHERE no=?"
);
for ( i, v : algo.enumerate( ( "Smith, Steve", 42, true, 99 ) ) ) {
parametrizedQuery.bind( i + 1, string( v ) );
}
parametrizedQuery.execute();
// and show the results...
for ( record : conn.query( "SELECT * FROM Players;" ).execute() ) {
print( "{}\n".format( record ) );
}
return ( 0 );
}
Java
import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; public class DBDemo{ private String protocol; //set this to some connection protocol like "jdbc:sqlserver://" private String dbName; //set this to the name of your database private String username; private String password; PreparedStatement query; public int setUpAndExecPS(){ try { Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(protocol + dbName, username, password); query = conn.prepareStatement( "UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? WHERE jerseyNum = ?"); query.setString(1, "Smith, Steve");//automatically sanitizes and adds quotes query.setInt(2, 42); query.setBoolean(3, true); query.setInt(4, 99); //there are similar methods for other SQL types in PerparedStatement return query.executeUpdate();//returns the number of rows changed //PreparedStatement.executeQuery() will return a java.sql.ResultSet, //execute() will simply return a boolean saying whether it succeeded or not } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return 0; } }
Julia
{{works with|Julia|0.6}}
Uses the SQLite package.
using SQLite name = "Smith, Steve" jerseys = Dict("Smith, Steve" => 99) sqlbool(tf::Bool) = if(tf) "TRUE" else "FALSE" end db = SQLite.DB() # no filename given, so create an in-memory temporary SQLite.execute!(db, "create table players (id integer primary key, name text, score number, active bool, jerseynum integer)") SQLite.query(db, "INSERT INTO players (name, score, active, jerseynum) values ('Jones, James', 9, 'FALSE', 99)") SQLite.query(db, "UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? WHERE jerseynum = ?"; values = ["Smith, Steve", 42, sqlbool(true), jerseys[name]]) tbl = SQLite.query(db, "SELECT * from players") println(tbl)
{{output}}
1×5 DataFrames.DataFrame
│ Row │ id │ name │ score │ active │ jerseynum │
├─────┼────┼────────────────┼───────┼────────┼───────────┤
│ 1 │ 1 │ "Smith, Steve" │ 42 │ "TRUE" │ 99 │
Kotlin
// Version 1.2.41 import java.sql.DriverManager import java.sql.Connection fun main(args: Array<String>) { val url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" val username = "example" val password = "password123" val conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password) val query = conn.prepareStatement( "UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? WHERE jerseyNum = ?" ) with (query) { setString(1, "Smith, Steve") setInt(2, 42) setBoolean(3, true) setInt(4, 99) val rowCount = executeUpdate() if (rowCount == 0) println("Update failed") close() } conn.close() }
M2000 Interpreter
Module Parametrized_Sql {
Base "rosetta" ' warning erase database if found it in current directory
Execute "rosetta", {create table players (name VarChar(64), score Float, active Integer, jerseyNum Integer);}
Append "rosetta", "players","name",0,FALSE,99
sql$={
UPDATE players
SET name = '{0}', score = {1}, active = {2}
WHERE jerseyNum = {3}
}
Execute "rosetta", format$(sql$,"Smith, Steve", 42,TRUE, 99)
Retrieve "rosetta","players",1,"jerseyNum",99
Read how_many
Read Name$,score, active,jerseynum
Print Name$="Smith, Steve", score=42, active=True, jerseynum=99 ' true true true true
}
Parametrized_Sql
Mathematica
{{incorrect|Mathematica|Executing a NON-parameterized update DML. This solution is exactly the opposite of the task. This example is what is explicitly warned in the task.}}
Needs["DatabaseLink`"];
conn=OpenSQLConnection[JDBC["ODBC(DSN)", "testdb"], "Username" -> "John", "Password" -> "JohnsPassword"];
SQLUpdate[conn,"players",{"name","score","active"},{"Smith, Steve", 42,"TRUE"},SQLColumn["jerseyNum"] = 99];
CloseSQLConnection[conn];
NetRexx
Using an [http://db.apache.org/derby/ Apache Derby] embedded database:
/* NetRexx */
options replace format comments java crossref symbols nobinary
import java.sql.
--
### =======================================================================
class RParameterizedSQLSimple public
properties indirect
connexion = Connection
properties inheritable constant
DRIVER = "org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver"
DBURL = "jdbc:derby:"
DBNAME = "/workspace/DB.DerbySamples/DB/TEAMS01"
DBMODE_CREATE = ";create=true"
DBMODE_NOCREATE = ";create=false"
DBMODE_SHUTDOWN = ";shutdown=true"
--
### =======================================================================
method RParameterizedSQLSimple()
setConnexion(null)
return
--
### =======================================================================
method createConnexion() inheritable returns Connection signals ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
if getConnexion() = null then do
props = Properties()
props.put("user", "user1")
props.put("password", "user1")
xURL = String DBURL || DBNAME || DBMODE_CREATE
loadDriver(DRIVER)
setConnexion(DriverManager.getConnection(xURL, props))
end
return getConnexion()
--
### =======================================================================
method shutdownConnexion() inheritable returns boolean signals SQLException
dbState = boolean
xURL = String DBURL || DBNAME || DBMODE_SHUTDOWN
do
DriverManager.getConnection(xURL)
dbState = isTrue
catch se = SQLException
if (se.getErrorCode() = 50000) & ("XJ015".equals(se.getSQLState())) then do
say "Derby shut down normally"
dbState = isTrue
end
else if (se.getErrorCode() = 45000) & ("08006".equals(se.getSQLState())) then do
say "Derby database shut down normally"
dbState = isTrue
end
else do
say "Derby did not shut down normally"
dbState = isFalse
signal se
end
end
return dbState
--
### =======================================================================
method loadDriver(xdriver = String) inheritable static signals ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
do
Class.forName(xdriver).newInstance()
say "Loaded the appropriate driver"
catch cnfe = ClassNotFoundException
say "Unable to load the JDBC driver" xdriver
say "Please check your CLASSPATH."
signal cnfe
catch ie = InstantiationException
say "Unable to instantiate the JDBC driver" xdriver
signal ie
catch iae = IllegalAccessException
say "Not allowed to access the JDBC driver" xdriver
signal iae
end
return
--
### =======================================================================
method updatePlayer(jerseyNum = int, name = String, score = int, active = boolean) binary inheritable returns int signals SQLException
updateSQL = "" -
|| "UPDATE TEAM.PLAYERS" -
|| " SET NAME = ?, SCORE = ?, ACTIVE = ?" -
|| " WHERE JERSEYNUM = ?"
rowCt = int
ix = int 0
ps = getConnexion().prepareStatement(updateSQL)
ix = ix + 1; ps.setString(ix, name)
ix = ix + 1; ps.setInt(ix, score)
ix = ix + 1; ps.setBoolean(ix, active)
ix = ix + 1; ps.setInt(ix, jerseyNum)
rowCt = ps.executeUpdate()
return rowCt
--
### =======================================================================
method main(args = String[]) public static
do
tda = RParameterizedSQLSimple()
tda.createConnexion()
if tda.getConnexion() \= null then do
updated = tda.updatePlayer(99, "Smith, Steve", 42, isTrue)
if updated > 0 then say "Update successful"
else say "Update failed"
finally
tda.shutdownConnexion()
end
catch ex = Exception
ex.printStackTrace
end
return
--
### =======================================================================
method isTrue() public static returns boolean
return 1 == 1
--
### =======================================================================
method isFalse() public static returns boolean
return \isTrue
Objeck
use IO;
use ODBC;
bundle Default {
class Sql {
function : Main(args : String[]) ~ Nil {
conn := Connection->New("ds", "user", "password");
if(conn <> Nil) {
sql := "UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? WHERE jerseyNum = ?";
pstmt := conn->CreateParameterStatement(sql);
pstmt->SetVarchar(1, "Smith, Steve");
pstmt->SetInt(2, 42);
pstmt->SetBit(3, true);
pstmt->SetInt(4, 99);
pstmt->Update()->PrintLine();
conn->Close();
};
}
}
Pascal
{{works with|Free_Pascal}} {{libheader|SQLite}} Tested with Free Pascal 2.6.4 (arm) and SQLite 3.8.7.1
program Parametrized_SQL_Statement; uses sqlite3, sysutils; const DB_FILE : PChar = ':memory:'; // Create an in-memory database. var DB :Psqlite3; ResultCode :Integer; SQL :PChar; InsertStatements :array [1..4] of PChar; CompiledStatement :Psqlite3_stmt; i :integer; { CheckError Checks the result code from an SQLite operation. If it contains an error code then this procedure prints the error message, closes the database and halts the program. } procedure CheckError(ResultCode: integer; DB: Psqlite3); begin if ResultCode <> SQLITE_OK then begin writeln(format('Error #%d: %s', [ResultCode, sqlite3_errmsg(db)])); sqlite3_close(DB); halt(ResultCode); end; end; { SelectCallback This callback function prints the results of the select statement.} function SelectCallback(Data: pointer; ColumnCount: longint; Columns: PPChar; ColumnNames: PPChar):longint; cdecl; var i :longint; col :PPChar; begin col := Columns; for i:=0 to ColumnCount-1 do begin write(col^); // Print the current column value. inc(col); // Advance the pointer. if i<>ColumnCount-1 then write(' | '); end; writeln; end; begin // Open the database. ResultCode := sqlite3_open(DB_FILE, @DB); CheckError(ResultCode, DB); // Create the players table in the database. SQL := 'create table players(' + 'id integer primary key asc, ' + 'name text, ' + 'score real, ' + 'active integer, ' + // Store the bool value as integer (see https://sqlite.org/datatype3.html chapter 2.1). 'jerseyNum integer);'; ResultCode := sqlite3_exec(DB, SQL, nil, nil, nil); CheckError(ResultCode, DB); // Insert some values into the players table. InsertStatements[1] := 'insert into players (name, score, active, jerseyNum) ' + 'values (''Roethlisberger, Ben'', 94.1, 1, 7);'; InsertStatements[2] := 'insert into players (name, score, active, jerseyNum) ' + 'values (''Smith, Alex'', 85.3, 1, 11);'; InsertStatements[3] := 'insert into players (name, score, active, jerseyNum) ' + 'values (''Manning, Payton'', 96.5, 0, 18);'; InsertStatements[4] := 'insert into players (name, score, active, jerseyNum) ' + 'values (''Doe, John'', 15, 0, 99);'; for i:=1 to 4 do begin ResultCode := sqlite3_exec(DB, InsertStatements[i], nil, nil, nil); CheckError(ResultCode, DB); end; // Display the contents of the players table. writeln('Before update:'); SQL := 'select * from players;'; ResultCode := sqlite3_exec(DB, SQL, @SelectCallback, nil, nil); CheckError(ResultCode, DB); // Prepare the parametrized SQL statement to update player #99. SQL := 'update players set name=?, score=?, active=? where jerseyNum=?;'; ResultCode := sqlite3_prepare_v2(DB, SQL, -1, @CompiledStatement, nil); CheckError(ResultCode, DB); // Bind the values to the parameters (see https://sqlite.org/c3ref/bind_blob.html). ResultCode := sqlite3_bind_text(CompiledStatement, 1, PChar('Smith, Steve'), -1, nil); CheckError(ResultCode, DB); ResultCode := sqlite3_bind_double(CompiledStatement, 2, 42); CheckError(ResultCode, DB); ResultCode := sqlite3_bind_int(CompiledStatement, 3, 1); CheckError(ResultCode, DB); ResultCode := sqlite3_bind_int(CompiledStatement, 4, 99); CheckError(ResultCode, DB); // Evaluate the prepared SQL statement. ResultCode := sqlite3_step(CompiledStatement); if ResultCode <> SQLITE_DONE then begin writeln(format('Error #%d: %s', [ResultCode, sqlite3_errmsg(db)])); sqlite3_close(DB); halt(ResultCode); end; // Destroy the prepared statement object. ResultCode := sqlite3_finalize(CompiledStatement); CheckError(ResultCode, DB); // Display the contents of the players table. writeln('After update:'); SQL := 'select * from players;'; ResultCode := sqlite3_exec(DB, SQL, @SelectCallback, nil, nil); CheckError(ResultCode, DB); // Close the database connection. sqlite3_close(db); end.
{{out}}
Before update:
1 | Roethlisberger, Ben | 94.1 | 1 | 7
2 | Smith, Alex | 85.3 | 1 | 11
3 | Manning, Payton | 96.5 | 0 | 18
4 | Doe, John | 15.0 | 0 | 99
After update:
1 | Roethlisberger, Ben | 94.1 | 1 | 7
2 | Smith, Alex | 85.3 | 1 | 11
3 | Manning, Payton | 96.5 | 0 | 18
4 | Smith, Steve | 42.0 | 1 | 99
Perl
use DBI; my $db = DBI->connect('DBI:mysql:mydatabase:host','login','password'); $statment = $db->prepare("UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? WHERE jerseyNum = ?"); $rows_affected = $statment->execute("Smith, Steve",42,'true',99);
Perl 6
use DBIish;
my $db = DBIish.connect('DBI:mysql:mydatabase:host','login','password');
my $update = $db.prepare("UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? WHERE jerseyNum = ?");
my $rows-affected = $update.execute("Smith, Steve",42,'true',99);
Phix
{{libheader|SQLite}}
--
-- demo\rosetta\Parametrized_SQL_statement.exw
--
include pSQLite.e
sqlite3 db = sqlite3_open(":memory:")
integer res = sqlite3_exec(db,`create table players (name, score, active, jerseyNum)`)
res = sqlite3_exec(db,`insert into players values ('Roethlisberger, Ben', 94.1, 1, 7 )`)
res = sqlite3_exec(db,`insert into players values ('Smith, Alex', 85.3, 1, 11)`)
res = sqlite3_exec(db,`insert into players values ('Doe, John', 15, 0, 99)`)
res = sqlite3_exec(db,`insert into players values ('Manning, Payton', 96.5, 0, 123)`)
pp({"Before",sqlite3_get_table(db, "select * from players")},{pp_Nest,2})
sqlite3_stmt pStmt = sqlite3_prepare(db, `update players set name=?, score=?, active=? where jerseyNum=?`)
sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt,1,"Smith, Steve")
sqlite3_bind_double(pStmt,2,42)
sqlite3_bind_int(pStmt,3,true)
sqlite3_bind_int(pStmt,4,99)
res = sqlite3_step(pStmt);
if res!=SQLITE_DONE then ?9/0 end if
if sqlite3_finalize(pStmt)!=SQLITE_OK then ?9/0 end if
pp({"After",sqlite3_get_table(db, "select * from players")},{pp_Nest,2})
sqlite3_close(db)
(The distributed version of this code displays nicer formatted output, but is nearly twice as long.) {{out}}
{"Before",
{{"name", "score", "active", "jerseyNum"},
{"Roethlisberger, Ben", "94.1", "1", "7"},
{"Smith, Alex", "85.3", "1", "11"},
{"Doe, John", "15", "0", "99"},
{"Manning, Payton", "96.5", "0", "123"}}}
{"After",
{{"name", "score", "active", "jerseyNum"},
{"Roethlisberger, Ben", "94.1", "1", "7"},
{"Smith, Alex", "85.3", "1", "11"},
{"Smith, Steve", "42.0", "1", "99"},
{"Manning, Payton", "96.5", "0", "123"}}}
PHP
$updatePlayers = "UPDATE `players` SET `name` = ?, `score` = ?, `active` = ?\n".
"WHERE `jerseyNum` = ?";
$dbh = new PDO( "mysql:dbname=db;host=localhost", "username", "password" );
$updateStatement = $dbh->prepare( $updatePlayers );
$updateStatement->bindValue( 1, "Smith, Steve", PDO::PARAM_STR );
$updateStatement->bindValue( 2, 42, PDO::PARAM_INT );
$updateStatement->bindValue( 3, 1, PDO::PARAM_INT );
$updateStatement->bindValue( 4, 99, PDO::PARAM_INT );
$updateStatement->execute();
// alternatively pass parameters as an array to the execute method
$updateStatement = $dbh->prepare( $updatePlayers );
$updateStatement->execute( array( "Smith, Steve", 42, 1, 99 ) );
PicoLisp
As PicoLisp uses normal function calls for DB manipulations, parameters are always treated as plain data and are not executed.
(for P (collect 'jerseyNum '+Players 99)
(put!> P 'name "Smith, Steve")
(put!> P 'score 42)
(put!> P 'active T) )
PureBasic
UseSQLiteDatabase()
Procedure CheckDatabaseUpdate(database, query$)
result = DatabaseUpdate(database, query$)
If result = 0
PrintN(DatabaseError())
EndIf
ProcedureReturn result
EndProcedure
If OpenConsole()
If OpenDatabase(0, ":memory:", "", "")
;create players table with sample data
CheckDatabaseUpdate(0, "CREATE table players (name, score, active, jerseyNum)")
CheckDatabaseUpdate(0, "INSERT INTO players VALUES ('Jones, Bob',0,'N',99)")
CheckDatabaseUpdate(0, "INSERT INTO players VALUES ('Jesten, Jim',0,'N',100)")
CheckDatabaseUpdate(0, "INSERT INTO players VALUES ('Jello, Frank',0,'N',101)")
Define name$, score, active$, jerseynum
name$ = "Smith, Steve"
score = 42
active$ ="TRUE"
jerseynum = 99
SetDatabaseString(0, 0, name$)
SetDatabaseLong(0, 1, score)
SetDatabaseString(0, 2, active$)
SetDatabaseLong(0, 3, jerseynum)
CheckDatabaseUpdate(0, "UPDATE players SET name = ?, score = ?, active = ? WHERE jerseyNum = ?")
;display database contents
If DatabaseQuery(0, "Select * from players")
While NextDatabaseRow(0)
name$ = GetDatabaseString(0, 0)
score = GetDatabaseLong(0, 1)
active$ = GetDatabaseString(0, 2)
jerseynum = GetDatabaseLong(0, 3)
row$ = "['" + name$ + "', " + score + ", '" + active$ + "', " + jerseynum + "]"
PrintN(row$)
Wend
FinishDatabaseQuery(0)
EndIf
CloseDatabase(0)
Else
PrintN("Can't open database !")
EndIf
Print(#CRLF$ + #CRLF$ + "Press ENTER to exit"): Input()
CloseConsole()
EndIf
Sample output:
['Smith, Steve', 42, 'TRUE', 99]
['Jesten, Jim', 0, 'N', 100]
['Jello, Frank', 0, 'N', 101]
Python
{{trans|Ruby}}
import sqlite3 db = sqlite3.connect(':memory:') # setup db.execute('create temp table players (name, score, active, jerseyNum)') db.execute('insert into players values ("name",0,"false",99)') db.execute('insert into players values ("name",0,"false",100)') # demonstrate parameterized SQL # example 1 -- simple placeholders db.execute('update players set name=?, score=?, active=? where jerseyNum=?', ('Smith, Steve', 42, True, 99)) # example 2 -- named placeholders db.execute('update players set name=:name, score=:score, active=:active where jerseyNum=:num', {'num': 100, 'name': 'John Doe', 'active': False, 'score': -1} ) # and show the results for row in db.execute('select * from players'): print(row)
outputs
(u'Smith, Steve', 42, 1, 99)
(u'John Doe', -1, 0, 100)
Racket
{{works with|PostgreSQL}} {{libheader|sql db-lib}}
#lang racket/base
(require sql db)
(define pgc
; Don't actually inline sensitive data ;)
(postgresql-connect #:user "resu"
#:database "esabatad"
#:server "example.com"
#:port 5432
#:password "s3>r37P455"))
(define update-player
(parameterize ((current-sql-dialect 'postgresql))
(update players
#:set [name ?] [score ?] [active ?]
#:where [jerseyNum ?])))
(apply query
pgc
update-player
'("Smith, Steve" 42 #t 99))
Ruby
Using the {{libheader|sqlite3-ruby}} gem [[Category:SQLite]]
require 'sqlite3' db = SQLite3::Database.new(":memory:") # setup db.execute('create temp table players (name, score, active, jerseyNum)') db.execute('insert into players values ("name",0,"false",99)') db.execute('insert into players values ("name",0,"false",100)') db.execute('insert into players values ("name",0,"false",101)') # demonstrate parameterized SQL # example 1 -- simple placeholders db.execute('update players set name=?, score=?, active=? where jerseyNum=?', 'Smith, Steve', 42, true, 99) # example 2 -- named placeholders db.execute('update players set name=:name, score=:score, active=:active where jerseyNum=:num', :num => 100, :name => 'John Doe', :active => false, :score => -1 ) # example 3 -- numbered placeholders stmt = db.prepare('update players set name=?4, score=?3, active=?2 where jerseyNum=?1') stmt.bind_param(1, 101) stmt.bind_param(2, true) stmt.bind_param(3, 3) stmt.bind_param(4, "Robert'; DROP TABLE players--") stmt.execute # and show the results db.execute2('select * from players') {|row| p row}
outputs
["name", "score", "active", "jerseyNum"]
["Smith, Steve", "42", "true", "99"]
["John Doe", "-1", "false", "100"]
["Robert'; DROP TABLE players--", "3", "true", "101"]
Run BASIC
{{incorrect|Run BASIC|Executing a NON-parameterized update DML. This solution is exactly the opposite of the task. This example is what is explicitly warned in the task.}}
sqliteconnect #mem, ":memory:"
#mem execute("CREATE table players (name, score, active, jerseyNum)")
#mem execute("INSERT INTO players VALUES ('Jones, Bob',0,'N',99)")
#mem execute("INSERT INTO players VALUES ('Jesten, Jim',0,'N',100)")
#mem execute("INSERT INTO players VALUES ('Jello, Frank',0,'N',101)")
sql$ = "
UPDATE players
SET name = 'Smith, Steve',
score = 42,
active = 'TRUE'
WHERE jerseyNum = 99"
#mem execute(sql$)
#mem execute("SELECT * FROM players ORDER BY jerseyNum")
WHILE #mem hasanswer()
#row = #mem #nextrow()
name$ = #row name$()
score = #row score()
active$ = #row active$()
jerseyNum = #row jerseyNum()
print name$;chr$(9);score;chr$(9);active$;chr$(9);jerseyNum
WEND
end
Output
Smith, Steve 42 TRUE 99
Jesten, Jim 0 N 100
Jello, Frank 0 N 101
Scala
===Using [http://slick.lightbend.com/doc/3.2.3/introduction.html Slick] FRM=== {{Out}}Best seen running in your browser [https://scastie.scala-lang.org/fJKRDaydSsGGlZQXJUhvxw Scastie (remote JVM)].
import slick.jdbc.H2Profile.api._ import slick.sql.SqlProfile.ColumnOption.SqlType import scala.concurrent.Await import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContext.Implicits.global import scala.concurrent.duration.Duration object PlayersApp extends App { lazy val playerRecords = TableQuery[PlayerRecords] val db = Database.forURL("jdbc:h2:mem:test1;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1", driver = "org.h2.Driver") // Pre-compiled parameterized statement val compiledUpdate = Compiled { jerseyN: Rep[Int] => for {c <- playerRecords if c.jerseyNum === jerseyN} yield (c.name, c.score, c.active) } def setup = DBIO.seq( playerRecords.schema.create, playerRecords ++= Seq( // JDBC batch update (7, "Roethlisberger, Ben", 94.1f, true), (11, "Smith, Alex", 85.3f, true), (18, "Manning, Payton", 96.5f, false), (99, "Doe, John", 15f, false)) ) def queryPlayers(prelude: String) = { println("\n " +prelude) println( "│ Name │Scor│ Active │Jerseynum│\n" + "├───────────────────────────────┼────┼────────┼─────────┤" ) DBIO.seq(playerRecords.result.map(_.map { case (jerseyN, name, score, active) => f"$name%32s $score ${(if (active) "" else "in") + "active"}%8s $jerseyN%8d" }.foreach(println))) } // Definition of the PLAYERS table class PlayerRecords(tag: Tag) extends Table[(Int, String, Float, Boolean)](tag, "PLAYER_RECORDS") { def active = column[Boolean]("ACTIVE") def jerseyNum = column[Int]("JERSEY_NUM", O.PrimaryKey) def name = column[String]("NAME", SqlType("VARCHAR2(32)")) def score = column[Float]("SCORE") def * = (jerseyNum, name, score, active) } println(s"The pre-compiled parameterized update DML:\n${compiledUpdate(0).updateStatement}") Await.result(db.run( for { // Using the for comprehension _ <- setup _ <- queryPlayers("Before update:") n <- compiledUpdate(99).update("Smith, Steve", 42f, true) _ <- queryPlayers("After update:") } yield n), Duration.Inf) }
Seed7
The library [http://seed7.sourceforge.net/libraries/sql_base.htm sql_base.s7i] provides access to databases. The type [http://seed7.sourceforge.net/libraries/sql_base.htm#database database] describes a database connection and the type [http://seed7.sourceforge.net/libraries/sql_base.htm#sqlStatement sqlStatement] can store a prepared statement. In the example below the table ''players'' is created and filled with hard coded SQL statements, that are ''execute''d without parametrization. The SQL statement to update the table uses parametrization. The SQL statement is [http://seed7.sourceforge.net/libraries/sql_base.htm#prepare%28in_database,in_string%29 prepared], parameters are [http://seed7.sourceforge.net/libraries/sql_base.htm#bind%28inout_sqlStatement,in_integer,in_integer%29 bound] and the statement is [http://seed7.sourceforge.net/libraries/sql_base.htm#execute%28inout_sqlStatement%29 executed]. Finally a SQL select statement is prepared, executed and the result rows are [http://seed7.sourceforge.net/libraries/sql_base.htm#fetch%28in_sqlStatement%29 fetched]. A column from a result row is retrieved with the function [http://seed7.sourceforge.net/libraries/sql_base.htm#column%28in_sqlStatement,in_integer,attr_integer%29 column].
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";
include "sql_base.s7i";
const proc: main is func
local
var database: testDb is database.value;
var sqlStatement: statement is sqlStatement.value;
var string: name is "Smith, Steve";
begin
testDb := openDatabase(DB_SQLITE, "test", "test", "test");
execute(testDb, "create table players (name CHAR(32), score INTEGER, active CHAR, jerseyNum INTEGER)");
execute(testDb, "insert into players values ('Jones, Bob',0,0,99)");
execute(testDb, "insert into players values ('Jesten, Jim',0,0,100)");
execute(testDb, "insert into players values ('Jello, Frank',0,0,101)");
statement := prepare(testDb, "update players set name = ?, score = ?, active = ? \
\where jerseyNum = ?");
bind(statement, 1, name);
bind(statement, 2, 42);
bind(statement, 3, TRUE);
bind(statement, 4, 99);
execute(statement);
statement := prepare(testDb, "select * from players");
execute(statement);
while fetch(statement) do
writeln(column(statement, 1, string) <& " " <&
column(statement, 2, integer) <& " " <&
column(statement, 3, boolean) <& " " <&
column(statement, 4, integer));
end while;
execute(testDb, "drop table players");
close(testDb);
end func;
{{out}}
Smith, Steve 42 TRUE 99
Jesten, Jim 0 FALSE 100
Jello, Frank 0 FALSE 101
SQL
{{works with|Oracle}}
-- This works in Oracle's SQL*Plus command line utility VARIABLE P_NAME VARCHAR2(20); VARIABLE P_SCORE NUMBER; VARIABLE P_ACTIVE VARCHAR2(5); VARIABLE P_JERSEYNUM NUMBER; begin :P_NAME := 'Smith, Steve'; :P_SCORE := 42; :P_ACTIVE := 'TRUE'; :P_JERSEYNUM := 99; end; / drop table players; create table players ( NAME VARCHAR2(20), SCORE NUMBER, ACTIVE VARCHAR2(5), JERSEYNUM NUMBER ); insert into players values ('No name',0,'FALSE',99); commit; select * from players; UPDATE players SET name = :P_NAME, score = :P_SCORE, active = :P_ACTIVE WHERE jerseyNum = :P_JERSEYNUM; commit; select * from players;
{{Out}}
SQL> SQL>
NAME SCORE ACTIV JERSEYNUM
-------------------- ---------- ----- ----------
No name 0 FALSE 99
SQL> SQL> 2 3
1 row updated.
SQL> SQL>
Commit complete.
SQL> SQL>
NAME SCORE ACTIV JERSEYNUM
-------------------- ---------- ----- ----------
Smith, Steve 42 TRUE 99
SQL PL
{{works with|Db2 LUW}} The following example is indeed parameterized SQL with named placeholders and it prevents SQL injections, and the SQL performs very well, because the execution plan is also precompiled.
--#SET TERMINATOR @ CREATE TABLE PLAYERS ( NAME VARCHAR(32), SCORE INT, ACTIVE SMALLINT, JERSEYNUM INT ) @ CREATE PROCEDURE UPDATE_PLAYER ( IN PLAYER_NAME VARCHAR(32), IN PLAYER_SCORE INT, IN PLAYER_ACTIVE SMALLINT, IN JERSEY_NUMBER INT ) BEGIN UPDATE PLAYERS SET NAME = PLAYER_NAME, SCORE = PLAYER_SCORE, ACTIVE = PLAYER_ACTIVE WHERE JERSEYNUM = JERSEY_NUMBER; END @ INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES ('Pele', '1280', 0, 10) @ CALL UPDATE_PLAYER ('Maradona', '600', 1, 10) @ SELECT * FROM PLAYERS @
Output:
db2 -td@
db2 => CREATE TABLE PLAYERS (
NAME VARCHAR(32),
SCORE INT,
ACTIVE SMALLINT,
JERSEYNUM INT
) @
DB20000I The SQL command completed successfully.
db2 => CREATE PROCEDURE UPDATE_PLAYER (
IN PLAYER_NAME VARCHAR(32),
IN PLAYER_SCORE INT,
IN PLAYER_ACTIVE SMALLINT,
IN JERSEY_NUMBER INT
)
BEGIN
UPDATE PLAYERS
SET NAME = PLAYER_NAME, SCORE = PLAYER_SCORE, ACTIVE = PLAYER_ACTIVE
WHERE JERSEYNUM = JERSEY_NUMBER;
END @
DB20000I The SQL command completed successfully.
db2 => INSERT INTO PLAYERS VALUES ('Pele', '1280', 0, 10) @
DB20000I The SQL command completed successfully.
db2 => CALL UPDATE_PLAYER ('Maradona', '600', 1, 10) @
Return Status = 0
db2 => SELECT * FROM PLAYERS @
NAME SCORE ACTIVE JERSEYNUM
-------------------------------- ----------- ------ -----------
Maradona 600 1 10
1 record(s) selected.
Tcl
{{works with|Tcl|8.6}}
package require Tcl 8.6 # These next two lines are the only ones specific to SQLite package require tdbc::sqlite3 set db [tdbc::sqlite3::connection new /path/to/database.sql] # Use a helper procedure to make a scope proc setPlayer {db jersey -> playerName playerScore playerActive} { # Note that the '->' above is just syntactic noise for readability $db allrows { UPDATE players SET name = :playerName, score = :playerScore, active = :playerActive WHERE jerseyNum = :jersey } # The named parameters are bound to local variables by default } # How to use... setPlayer $db 99 -> "Smith, Steve" 42 true # With apologies to http://xkcd.com/327/ setPlayer $db 76 -> "Robert'; DROP TABLE players--" 0 false $db close
{{omit from|360 Assembly}} {{omit from|Maxima}} {{omit from|PARI/GP}} {{omit from|Pentium Assembly}} {{omit from|X86 Assembly}} {{omit from|6502 Assembly}} {{omit from|ARM Assembly}} {{omit from|MIPS Assembly}} {{omit from|Assembly}} {{omit from|Z80 Assembly}} {{omit from|Computer/zero Assembly}} {{omit from|OASYS Assembler}} {{omit from|8086 Assembly}} {{omit from|6800 Assembly}} {{omit from|80386 Assembly}} {{omit from|Jacquard Loom}} {{omit from|DIV Games Studio}} {{omit from|LC3 Assembly}} {{omit from|8051 Assembly}} {{omit from|VAX Assembly}} {{omit from|68000 Assembly}} {{omit from|PDP-11 Assembly}} {{omit from|REXX}} {{omit from|TI-83 BASIC|No network access or built-in SQL}} {{omit from|TI-89 BASIC|No network access or built-in SQL}} {{omit from|Unlambda|No network access or built-in SQL}} {{omit from|XSLT 1.0}}