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This means it might contain formatting issues, incorrect code, conceptual problems, or other severe issues.
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{{task|Arithmetic operations}}
;Task: Show that the following remarkable formula gives the [http://www.research.att.com/~njas/sequences/A000037 sequence] of non-square [[wp:Natural_number|natural numbers]]: n + floor(1/2 + sqrt(n))
- Print out the values for n in the range '''1''' to '''22'''
- Show that no squares occur for n less than one million
This sequence is also known as [http://oeis.org/A000037 A000037] in the '''OEIS''' database.
Ada
with Ada.Numerics.Long_Elementary_Functions;
with Ada.Text_IO; use Ada.Text_IO;
procedure Sequence_Of_Non_Squares_Test is
use Ada.Numerics.Long_Elementary_Functions;
function Non_Square (N : Positive) return Positive is
begin
return N + Positive (Long_Float'Rounding (Sqrt (Long_Float (N))));
end Non_Square;
I : Positive;
begin
for N in 1..22 loop -- First 22 non-squares
Put (Natural'Image (Non_Square (N)));
end loop;
New_Line;
for N in 1..1_000_000 loop -- Check first million of
I := Non_Square (N);
if I = Positive (Sqrt (Long_Float (I)))**2 then
Put_Line ("Found a square:" & Positive'Image (N));
end if;
end loop;
end Sequence_Of_Non_Squares_Test;
{{out}}
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
ALGOL 68
{{trans|C}}
{{works with|ALGOL 68|Standard - no extensions to language used}} {{works with|ALGOL 68G|Any - tested with release mk15-0.8b.fc9.i386}} {{works with|ELLA ALGOL 68|Any (with appropriate job cards) - tested with release 1.8.8d.fc9.i386}}
PROC non square = (INT n)INT: n + ENTIER(0.5 + sqrt(n));
main: (
# first 22 values (as a list) has no squares: #
FOR i TO 22 DO
print((whole(non square(i),-3),space))
OD;
print(new line);
# The following check shows no squares up to one million: #
FOR i TO 1 000 000 DO
REAL j = sqrt(non square(i));
IF j = ENTIER j THEN
put(stand out, ("Error: number is a square:", j, new line));
stop
FI
OD
)
{{out}} 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
ALGOL W
begin
% check values of the function: f(n) = n + floor(1/2 + sqrt(n)) %
% are not squares %
integer procedure f ( integer value n ) ;
begin
n + entier( 0.5 + sqrt( n ) )
end f ;
logical noSquares;
% first 22 values of f %
for n := 1 until 22 do writeon( i_w := 1, f( n ) );
% check f(n) does not produce a square for n in 1..1 000 000 %
noSquares := true;
for n := 1 until 1000000 do begin
integer fn, rn;
fn := f( n );
rn := round( sqrt( fn ) );
if ( rn * rn ) = fn then begin
write( "Found square at: ", n );
noSquares := false
end if_fn_is_a_square
end for_n ;
if noSquares then write( "f(n) did not produce a square in 1 .. 1 000 000" )
else write( "f(n) produced a square" )
end.
{{out}}
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
f(n) did not produce a square in 1 .. 1 000 000
APL
Generate the first 22 numbers:
NONSQUARE←{(⍳⍵)+⌊0.5+(⍳⍵)*0.5}
NONSQUARE 22
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
Show there are no squares in the first million:
HOWMANYSQUARES←{+⌿⍵=(⌊⍵*0.5)*2}
HOWMANYSQUARES NONSQUARE 1000000
0
AutoHotkey
ahk forum: [http://www.autohotkey.com/forum/post-276683.html#276683 discussion]
Loop 22
t .= (A_Index + floor(0.5 + sqrt(A_Index))) " "
MsgBox %t%
s := 0
Loop 1000000
x := A_Index + floor(0.5 + sqrt(A_Index)), s += x = round(sqrt(x))**2
Msgbox Number of bad squares = %s% ; 0
AWK
$ awk 'func f(n){return(n+int(.5+sqrt(n)))}BEGIN{for(i=1;i<=22;i++)print i,f(i)}'
1 2
2 3
3 5
4 6
5 7
6 8
7 10
8 11
9 12
10 13
11 14
12 15
13 17
14 18
15 19
16 20
17 21
18 22
19 23
20 24
21 26
22 27
$ awk 'func f(n){return(n+int(.5+sqrt(n)))}BEGIN{for(i=1;i<100000;i++){n=f(i);r=int(sqrt(n));if(r*r==n)print n"is square"}}'
$
BASIC
{{works with|FreeBASIC}} {{works with|RapidQ}}
DIM i AS Integer
DIM j AS Double
DIM found AS Integer
FUNCTION nonsqr (n AS Integer) AS Integer
nonsqr = n + INT(0.5 + SQR(n))
END FUNCTION
' Display first 22 values
FOR i = 1 TO 22
PRINT nonsqr(i); " ";
NEXT i
PRINT
' Check for squares up to one million
found = 0
FOR i = 1 TO 1000000
j = SQR(nonsqr(i))
IF j = INT(j) THEN
found = 1
PRINT "Found square: "; i
EXIT FOR
END IF
NEXT i
IF found=0 THEN PRINT "No squares found"
BBC BASIC
FOR N% = 1 TO 22
S% = N% + SQR(N%) + 0.5
PRINT S%
NEXT
PRINT '"Checking...."
FOR N% = 1 TO 999999
S% = N% + SQR(N%) + 0.5
R% = SQR(S%)
IF S%/R% = R% STOP
NEXT
PRINT "No squares occur for n < 1000000"
{{out}}
2
3
5
6
7
8
10
11
12
13
14
15
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
27
Checking....
No squares occur for n < 1000000
Bc
Since BC is an arbitrary precision calculator, there are no issues in sqrt (it is enough to increase the scale variable upto the desired ''precision''), nor there are limits (but time) to how many non-squares we can compute.
#! /usr/bin/bc
scale = 20
define ceil(x) {
auto intx
intx=int(x)
if (intx<x) intx+=1
return intx
}
define floor(x) {
return -ceil(-x)
}
define int(x) {
auto old_scale, ret
old_scale=scale
scale=0
ret=x/1
scale=old_scale
return ret
}
define round(x) {
if (x<0) x-=.5 else x+=.5
return int(x)
}
define nonsqr(n) {
return n + round(sqrt(n))
}
for(i=1; i < 23; i++) {
print nonsqr(i), "\n"
}
for(i=1; i < 1000000; i++) {
j = sqrt(nonsqr(i))
if ( j == floor(j) ) {
print i, " square in the seq\n"
}
}
quit
The functions int, round, floor, ceil are taken from [http://www.pixelbeat.org/scripts/bc here] (int is slightly modified) ([http://www.pixelbeat.org/scripts/ Here] he states the license is GPL).
Burlesque
1 22r@{?s0.5?+av?+}[m
C
#include <math.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <assert.h> int nonsqr(int n) { return n + (int)(0.5 + sqrt(n)); /* return n + (int)round(sqrt(n)); in C99 */ } int main() { int i; /* first 22 values (as a list) has no squares: */ for (i = 1; i < 23; i++) printf("%d ", nonsqr(i)); printf("\n"); /* The following check shows no squares up to one million: */ for (i = 1; i < 1000000; i++) { double j = sqrt(nonsqr(i)); assert(j != floor(j)); } return 0; }
C#
using System; using System.Diagnostics; namespace sons { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { for (int i = 1; i < 23; i++) Console.WriteLine(nonsqr(i)); for (int i = 1; i < 1000000; i++) { double j = Math.Sqrt(nonsqr(i)); Debug.Assert(j != Math.Floor(j),"Square"); } } static int nonsqr(int i) { return (int)(i + Math.Floor(0.5 + Math.Sqrt(i))); } } }
C++
#include <iostream> #include <algorithm> #include <vector> #include <cmath> #include <boost/bind.hpp> #include <iterator> double nextNumber( double number ) { return number + floor( 0.5 + sqrt( number ) ) ; } int main( ) { std::vector<double> non_squares ; typedef std::vector<double>::iterator SVI ; non_squares.reserve( 1000000 ) ; //create a vector with a million sequence numbers for ( double i = 1.0 ; i < 100001.0 ; i += 1 ) non_squares.push_back( nextNumber( i ) ) ; //copy the first numbers to standard out std::copy( non_squares.begin( ) , non_squares.begin( ) + 22 , std::ostream_iterator<double>(std::cout, " " ) ) ; std::cout << '\n' ; //find if floor of square root equals square root( i. e. it's a square number ) SVI found = std::find_if ( non_squares.begin( ) , non_squares.end( ) , boost::bind( &floor, boost::bind( &sqrt, _1 ) ) == boost::bind( &sqrt, _1 ) ) ; if ( found != non_squares.end( ) ) { std::cout << "Found a square number in the sequence!\n" ; std::cout << "It is " << *found << " !\n" ; } else { std::cout << "Up to 1000000, found no square number in the sequence!\n" ; } return 0 ; }
{{out}}
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
Up to 1000000, found no square number in the sequence!
Clojure
;; provides floor and sqrt, but we use Java's sqrt as it's faster ;; (Clojure's is more exact) (use 'clojure.contrib.math) (defn nonsqr [#^Integer n] (+ n (floor (+ 0.5 (Math/sqrt n))))) (defn square? [#^Double n] (let [r (floor (Math/sqrt n))] (= (* r r) n))) (doseq [n (range 1 23)] (printf "%s -> %s\n" n (nonsqr n))) (defn verify [] (not-any? square? (map nonsqr (range 1 1000000))) )
CoffeeScript
non_square = (n) -> n + Math.floor(1/2 + Math.sqrt(n))
is_square = (n) ->
r = Math.floor(Math.sqrt(n))
r * r is n
do ->
first_22_non_squares = (non_square i for i in [1..22])
console.log first_22_non_squares
# test is_square has no false negatives:
for i in [1..10000]
throw Error("is_square broken") unless is_square i*i
# test non_square is valid for first million values of n
for i in [1..1000000]
throw Error("non_square broken") if is_square non_square(i)
console.log "success"
{{out}}
> coffee foo.coffee
[ 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27 ]
success
Common Lisp
{{works with|CCL}}
(defun non-square-sequence () (flet ((non-square (n) "Compute the N-th number of the non-square sequence" (+ n (floor (+ 1/2 (sqrt n))))) (squarep (n) "Tests, whether N is a square" (let ((r (floor (sqrt n)))) (= (* r r) n)))) (loop :for n :upfrom 1 :to 22 :do (format t "~2D -> ~D~%" n (non-square n))) (loop :for n :upfrom 1 :to 1000000 :when (squarep (non-square n)) :do (format t "Found a square: ~D -> ~D~%" n (non-square n)))))
D
import std.stdio, std.math, std.algorithm, std.range; int nonSquare(in int n) pure nothrow @safe @nogc { return n + cast(int)(0.5 + real(n).sqrt); } void main() { iota(1, 23).map!nonSquare.writeln; foreach (immutable i; 1 .. 1_000_000) { immutable ns = i.nonSquare; assert(ns != (cast(int)real(ns).sqrt) ^^ 2); } }
{{out}}
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27]
EchoLisp
(lib 'sequences)
(define (a n) (+ n (floor (+ 0.5 (sqrt n)))))
(define A000037 (iterator/n a 1))
(take A000037 22)
→ (2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27)
(filter square? (take A000037 1000000))
→ null
Eiffel
class
APPLICATION
create
make
feature
make
do
sequence_of_non_squares (22)
io.new_line
sequence_of_non_squares (1000000)
end
sequence_of_non_squares (n: INTEGER)
-- Sequence of non-squares up to the n'th member.
require
n_positive: n >= 1
local
non_sq, part: REAL_64
math: DOUBLE_MATH
square: BOOLEAN
do
create math
across
1 |..| (n) as c
loop
part := (0.5 + math.sqrt (c.item.to_double))
non_sq := c.item + part.floor
io.put_string (non_sq.out + "%N")
if math.sqrt (non_sq) - math.sqrt (non_sq).floor = 0 then
square := True
end
end
if square = True then
io.put_string ("There are squares for n equal to " + n.out + ".")
else
io.put_string ("There are no squares for n equal to " + n.out + ".")
end
end
end
{{out}}
2
3
5
6
7
8
10
11
12
13
14
15
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
27
There are no squares for n equal to 22.
2
3
5
6 ...
1000999
1001000
There are no squares for n equal to 1000000.
Elixir
f = fn n -> n + trunc(0.5 + :math.sqrt(n)) end IO.inspect for n <- 1..22, do: f.(n) n = 1_000_000 non_squares = for i <- 1..n, do: f.(i) m = :math.sqrt(f.(n)) |> Float.ceil |> trunc squares = for i <- 1..m, do: i*i case Enum.find_value(squares, fn i -> i in non_squares end) do nil -> IO.puts "No squares found below #{n}" val -> IO.puts "Error: number is a square: #{val}" end
{{out}}
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26,
27]
No squares found below 1000000
Erlang
% Implemented by Arjun Sunel -module(non_squares). -export([main/0]). main() -> lists:foreach(fun(X) -> io:format("~p~n",[non_square(X)] ) end, lists:seq(1,22)), % First 22 non-squares. lists:foreach(fun(X) -> io:format("~p~n",[non_square(X)] ) end, lists:seq(1,1000000)). % First 1 million non-squares. non_square(N) -> N+trunc(1/2+ math:sqrt(N)).
Euphoria
This is based on the [[BASIC]] and [[Go]] examples.
function nonsqr( atom n)
return n + floor( 0.5 + sqrt( n ) )
end function
puts( 1, " n r(n)\n" )
puts( 1, "--- ---\n" )
for i = 1 to 22 do
printf( 1, "%3d %3d\n", { i, nonsqr(i) } )
end for
atom j
atom found
found = 0
for i = 1 to 1000000 do
j = sqrt(nonsqr(i))
if integer(j) then
found = 1
printf( 1, "Found square: %d\n", i )
exit
end if
end for
if found = 0 then
puts( 1, "No squares found\n" )
end if
=={{header|F_Sharp|F#}}==
open System let SequenceOfNonSquares = let nonsqr n = n+(int(0.5+Math.Sqrt(float (n)))) let isqrt n = int(Math.Sqrt(float(n))) let IsSquare n = n = (isqrt n)*(isqrt n) {1 .. 999999} |> Seq.map(fun f -> (f, nonsqr f)) |> Seq.filter(fun f -> IsSquare(snd f)) ;;
Executing the code gives:
> SequenceOfNonSquares;; val it : seq<int * int> = seq []
Factor
USING: kernel math math.functions math.ranges prettyprint
sequences ;
: non-sq ( n -- m ) dup sqrt 1/2 + floor + >integer ;
: print-first22 ( -- ) 22 [1,b] [ non-sq ] map . ;
: check-for-sq ( -- ) 1,000,000 [1,b)
[ non-sq sqrt dup floor = [ "Square found." throw ] when ]
each ;
print-first22 check-for-sq
{{out}}
{ 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 }
Fantom
class Main
{
static Float fn (Int n)
{
n + (0.5f + (n * 1.0f).sqrt).floor
}
static Bool isSquare (Float n)
{
n.sqrt.floor == n.sqrt
}
public static Void main ()
{
(1..22).each |n|
{
echo ("$n is ${fn(n)}")
}
echo ((1..1000000).toList.any |n| { isSquare (fn(n)) } )
}
}
Forth
f ;
: f>u f>d drop ;
: fn ( n -- n ) dup u>f fsqrt fround f>u + ;
: test ( n -- ) 1 do i fn . loop ;
23 test \ 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27 ok
: square? ( n -- ? ) u>f fsqrt fdup fround f- f0= ;
: test ( n -- ) 1 do i fn square? if cr i . ." fn was square" then loop ;
1000000 test \ ok
Fortran
{{works with|Fortran|90 and later}}
PROGRAM NONSQUARES
IMPLICIT NONE
INTEGER :: m, n, nonsqr
DO n = 1, 22
nonsqr = n + FLOOR(0.5 + SQRT(REAL(n))) ! or could use NINT(SQRT(REAL(n)))
WRITE(*,*) nonsqr
END DO
DO n = 1, 1000000
nonsqr = n + FLOOR(0.5 + SQRT(REAL(n)))
m = INT(SQRT(REAL(nonsqr)))
IF (m*m == nonsqr) THEN
WRITE(*,*) "Square found, n=", n
END IF
END DO
END PROGRAM NONSQUARES
FreeBASIC
' FB 1.05.0 Win64
Function nonSquare (n As UInteger) As UInteger
Return CUInt(n + Int(0.5 + Sqr(n)))
End Function
Function isSquare (n As UInteger) As Boolean
Dim As UInteger r = CUInt(Sqr(n))
Return n = r * r
End Function
Print "The first 22 numbers generated by the sequence are :"
For i As Integer = 1 To 22
Print nonSquare(i); " ";
Next
Print : Print
' Test numbers generated for n less than a million to see if they're squares
For i As UInteger = 1 To 999999
If isSquare(nonSquare(i)) Then
Print "The number generated by the sequence for n ="; i; " is square!"
Goto finish
End If
Next
Print "None of the numbers generated by the sequence for n < 1000000 are square"
finish:
Print
Print "Press any key to quit"
Sleep
{{out}}
The first 22 numbers generated by the sequence are :
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
None of the numbers generated by the sequence for n < 1000000 are square
GAP
non-squares function is better done with a generator.
The formula is implemented with exact floor(sqrt(n)), so we use
a trick: multiply by 100 to get the first decimal digit of the
square root of n, then add 5 (that's 1/2 multiplied by 10).
Then just divide by 10 to get floor(1/2 + sqrt(n)) exactly.
It looks weird, but unlike floating point, it will do the job
for any n.
NonSquaresGen := function() local ns, n; n := 0; ns := function() n := n + 1; return n + QuoInt(5 + RootInt(100*n), 10); end; return ns; end;
NonSquaresAlt := function() local ns, n, q, k; n := 1; q := 4; k := 3; ns := function() n := n + 1; if n = q then n := n + 1; k := k + 2; q := q + k; fi; return n; end; return ns; end;
gen := NonSquaresGen(); List([1 .. 22] i -> gen());
[ 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27 ]
a := NonSquaresGen(); b := NonSquaresAlt();
ForAll([1 .. 1000000], i -> a() = b());
true
## Go
I assume it's obvious that the function monotonically increases, thus it's enough to just watch for the next possible square. If a square is found, the panic will cause an ugly stack trace.
```go
package main
import (
"fmt"
"math"
)
func remarkable(n int) int {
return n + int(.5+math.Sqrt(float64(n)))
}
func main() {
// task 1
fmt.Println(" n r(n)")
fmt.Println("--- ---")
for n := 1; n <= 22; n++ {
fmt.Printf("%3d %3d\n", n, remarkable(n))
}
// task 2
const limit = 1e6
fmt.Println("\nChecking for squares for n <", limit)
next := 2
nextSq := 4
for n := 1; n < limit; n++ {
r := remarkable(n)
switch {
case r == nextSq:
panic(n)
case r > nextSq:
fmt.Println(nextSq, "didn't occur")
next++
nextSq = next * next
}
}
fmt.Println("No squares occur for n <", limit)
}
{{out}}
n r(n)
--- ---
1 2
2 3
3 5
4 6
5 7
6 8
7 10
8 11
9 12
10 13
11 14
12 15
13 17
14 18
15 19
16 20
17 21
18 22
19 23
20 24
21 26
22 27
Checking for squares for n < 1e+06
4 didn't occur
9 didn't occur
16 didn't occur
...
996004 didn't occur
998001 didn't occur
1000000 didn't occur
No squares occur for n < 1e+06
Groovy
Solution:
def nonSquare = { long n -> n + ((1/2 + n**0.5) as long) }
Test Program:
(1..22).each { println nonSquare(it) } (1..1000000).each { assert ((nonSquare(it)**0.5 as long)**2) != nonSquare(it) }
{{out}}
2
3
5
6
7
8
10
11
12
13
14
15
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
27
```
## Haskell
```haskell>nonsqr :: Integral a =
a -> a
nonsqr n = n + round (sqrt (fromIntegral n))
```
> map nonsqr [1..22]
[2,3,5,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,14,15,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,26,27]
> any (\j -> j == fromIntegral (floor j)) $ map (sqrt . fromIntegral . nonsqr) [1..1000000]
False
Or, in a point-free variation, defining a 'main' for the compiler (rather than interpreter)
```haskell
import Control.Monad (join)
root :: Int -> Float
root = sqrt . fromIntegral
nonSqr :: Int -> Int
nonSqr = (+) <*> (round . root)
notSquare :: Int -> Bool
notSquare = (/=) <*> (join (*) . floor . root)
main :: IO ()
main =
mapM_
putStrLn
[ "First 22 members of the series:"
, unwords $ (show . nonSqr) <$> [1 .. 22]
, ""
, "All first 10E6 members non square:"
, show $ all (== True) $ (notSquare . nonSqr) <$> [1 .. 1000000]
]
```
{{Out}}
```txt
First 22 members of the series:
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
All first 10E6 members non square:
True
```
## HicEst
```HicEst
REAL :: n=22, nonSqr(n)
nonSqr = $ + FLOOR(0.5 + $^0.5)
WRITE() nonSqr
squares_found = 0
DO i = 1, 1E6
non2 = i + FLOOR(0.5 + i^0.5)
root = FLOOR( non2^0.5 )
squares_found = squares_found + (non2 == root*root)
ENDDO
WRITE(Name) squares_found
END
```
```txt
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
squares_found=0;
```
=={{header|Icon}} and {{header|Unicon}}==
```Icon
link numbers
procedure main()
every n := 1 to 22 do
write("nsq(",n,") := ",nsq(n))
every x := sqrt(nsq(n := 1 to 1000000)) do
if x = floor(x)^2 then write("nsq(",n,") = ",x," is a square.")
write("finished.")
end
procedure nsq(n) # return non-squares
return n + floor(0.5 + sqrt(n))
end
```
{{libheader|Icon Programming Library}}
[http://www.cs.arizona.edu/icon/library/src/procs/numbers.icn numbers provides floor]
## IDL
```IDL
n = lindgen(1000000)+1 ; Take a million numbers
f = n+floor(.5+sqrt(n)) ; Apply formula
print,f[0:21] ; Output first 22
print,where(sqrt(f) eq fix(sqrt(f))) ; Test for squares
```
{{out}}
```txt
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12
13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22
23 24 26 27
-1
```
## J
```j
rf=: + 0.5 <.@+ %: NB. Remarkable formula
rf 1+i.22 NB. Results from 1 to 22
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
+/ (rf e. *:) 1+i.1e6 NB. Number of square RFs <= 1e6
0
```
## Java
```java
public class SeqNonSquares {
public static int nonsqr(int n) {
return n + (int)Math.round(Math.sqrt(n));
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// first 22 values (as a list) has no squares:
for (int i = 1; i < 23; i++)
System.out.print(nonsqr(i) + " ");
System.out.println();
// The following check shows no squares up to one million:
for (int i = 1; i < 1000000; i++) {
double j = Math.sqrt(nonsqr(i));
assert j != Math.floor(j);
}
}
}
```
## JavaScript
### ES5
Iterative
```javascript
var a = [];
for (var i = 1; i < 23; i++) a[i] = i + Math.floor(1/2 + Math.sqrt(i));
console.log(a);
for (i = 1; i < 1000000; i++) if (Number.isInteger(i + Math.floor(1/2 + Math.sqrt(i))) === false) {
console.log("The ",i,"th element of the sequence is a square");
}
```
### ES6
By functional composition
```JavaScript
(() => {
// nonSquare :: Int -> Int
let nonSquare = n =>
n + floor(1 / 2 + sqrt(n));
// floor :: Num -> Int
let floor = Math.floor,
// sqrt :: Num -> Num
sqrt = Math.sqrt,
// isSquare :: Int -> Bool
isSquare = n => {
let root = sqrt(n);
return root === floor(root);
};
// TEST
return {
first22: Array.from({
length: 22
}, (_, i) => nonSquare(i + 1)),
firstMillionNotSquare: Array.from({
length: 10E6
}, (_, i) => nonSquare(i + 1))
.filter(isSquare)
.length === 0
};
})();
```
{{Out}}
```JavaScript
{
"first22":[2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,
17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27],
"firstMillionNotSquare":true
}
```
## jq
{{works with|jq|1.4}}
```jq
def A000037: . + (0.5 + sqrt | floor);
def is_square: sqrt | . == floor;
"For n up to and including 22:",
(range(1;23) | A000037),
"Check for squares for n up to 1e6:",
(range(1;1e6+1) | A000037 | select( is_square ))
```
{{out}}
```sh
$ jq -n -r -f sequence_of_non-squares.jq
For n up to and including 22:
2
3
5
6
7
8
10
11
12
13
14
15
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
27
Check for squares for n up to 1e6:
$
```
## Julia
```julia
nonsquare(n::Real) = n + floor(typeof(n), 0.5 + sqrt(n))
@show nonsquare.(1:1_000_000) ∩ collect(1:1000) .^ 2
```
{{out}}
```txt
nonsquare.(1:1000000) ∩ collect(1:1000) .^ 2 = Int64[]
```
So the set of squares of integers between 1 and 1000 and the first 1000000 terms of the given sequence is empty. Note that the given sequence is increasing and that its last term has a square root slightly less than 1000.5.
## K
```k
nonsquare:{x+_.5+%x}
nonsquare[1_!23]
```
{{out}}
```txt
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
```
```k
issquare:{(%x)=_%x}
+/issquare[nonsquare[1_!1000001]] / Number of squares in first million results
```
{{out}}
```txt
0
```
## Kotlin
```scala
// version 1.1
fun f(n: Int) = n + Math.floor(0.5 + Math.sqrt(n.toDouble())).toInt()
fun main(args: Array) {
println(" n f")
val squares = mutableListOf()
for (n in 1 until 1000000) {
val v1 = f(n)
val v2 = Math.sqrt(v1.toDouble()).toInt()
if (v1 == v2 * v2) squares.add(n)
if (n < 23) println("${"%2d".format(n)} : $v1")
}
println()
if (squares.size == 0) println("There are no squares for n less than one million")
else println("Squares are generated for the following values of n: $squares")
}
```
{{out}}
```txt
n f
1 : 2
2 : 3
3 : 5
4 : 6
5 : 7
6 : 8
7 : 10
8 : 11
9 : 12
10 : 13
11 : 14
12 : 15
13 : 17
14 : 18
15 : 19
16 : 20
17 : 21
18 : 22
19 : 23
20 : 24
21 : 26
22 : 27
There are no squares for n less than one million
```
## Liberty BASIC
```lb
for i = 1 to 22
print nonsqr( i); " ";
next i
print
found = 0
for i = 1 to 1000000
j = ( nonsqr( i))^0.5
if j = int( j) then
found = 1
print "Found square: "; i
exit for
end if
next i
if found =0 then print "No squares found"
end
function nonsqr( n)
nonsqr = n +int( 0.5 +n^0.5)
end function
```
```txt
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
No squares found
```
## Logo
```logo
repeat 22 [print sum # round sqrt #]
```
## Lua
```lua
function nonSquare (n)
return n + math.floor(1/2 + math.sqrt(n))
end
for n = 1, 22 do
io.write(nonSquare(n) .. " ")
end
print()
local sr
for n = 1, 10^6 do
sr = math.sqrt(nonSquare(n))
if sr == math.floor(sr) then
print("Result for n = " .. n .. " is square!")
os.exit()
end
end
print("No squares found")
```
{{out}}
```txt
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
No squares found
```
## Mathematica
```Mathematica
nonsq = (# + Floor[0.5 + Sqrt[#]]) &;
nonsq@Range[22]
If[! Or @@ (IntegerQ /@ Sqrt /@ nonsq@Range[10^6]),
Print["No squares for n <= ", 10^6]
]
```
{{out}}
```txt
{2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27}
No squares for n <= 1000000
```
## MATLAB
```MATLAB
function nonSquares(i)
for n = (1:i)
generatedNumber = n + floor(1/2 + sqrt(n));
if mod(sqrt(generatedNumber),1)==0 %Check to see if the sqrt of the generated number is an integer
fprintf('\n%d generates a square number: %d\n', [n,generatedNumber]);
return
else %If it isn't then the generated number is a square number
if n<=22
fprintf('%d ',generatedNumber);
end
end
end
fprintf('\nNo square numbers were generated for n <= %d\n',i);
end
```
Solution:
```MATLAB>>
nonSquares(1000000)
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
No square numbers were generated for n <= 1000000
```
## Maxima
```maxima
nonsquare(n) := n + quotient(isqrt(100 * n) + 5, 10);
makelist(nonsquare(n), n, 1, 20);
[2,3,5,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,14,15,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]
not_square(n) := isqrt(n)^2 # n$
m: 10^6$
u: makelist(i, i, 1, m)$
is(sublist(u, not_square) = sublist(map(nonsquare, u), lambda([x], x <= m)));
true
```
## min
{{works with|min|0.19.3}}
```min
(dup sqrt 0.5 + int +) :non-sq
(sqrt dup floor - 0 ==) :sq?
(:n =q 1 'dup q concat 'succ concat n times pop) :upto
(non-sq print! " " print!) 22 upto newline
"Squares for n below one million:" puts!
(non-sq 'sq? 'puts when pop) 999999 upto
```
{{out}}
```txt
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
Squares for n below one million:
```
=={{header|МК-61/52}}==
1 П4 ИП4 0 , 5 ИП4 КвКор + [x]
+ С/П КИП4 БП 02
```
## MMIX
```mmix
LOC Data_Segment
GREG @
buf OCTA 0,0
GREG @
NL BYTE #a,0
errh BYTE "Sorry, number ",0
errt BYTE "is a quare.",0
prtOk BYTE "No squares found below 1000000.",0
i IS $1 % loop var.
x IS $2 % computations
y IS $3 % ..
z IS $4 % ..
t IS $5 % temp
Ja IS $127 % return address
LOC #100 % locate program
GREG @
// print integer of max. 7 digits to StdOut
// primarily used to show the first 22 non squares
// in advance the end of the buffer is filled with ' 0 '
// reg x contains int to be printed
bp IS $71
0H GREG #0000000000203020
prtInt STO 0B,buf % initialize buffer
LDA bp,buf+7 % points after LSD
% REPEAT
1H SUB bp,bp,1 % move buffer pointer
DIV x,x,10 % divmod (x,10)
GET t,rR % get remainder
INCL t,'0' % make char digit
STB t,bp % store digit
PBNZ x,1B % UNTIL no more digits
LDA $255,bp
TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut % print integer
GO Ja,Ja,0 % 'return'
// function calculates non square
// x = RF ( i )
RF FLOT x,i % convert i to float
FSQRT x,0,x % x = floor ( 0.5 + sqrt i )
FIX x,x % convert float to int
ADD x,x,i % x = i + floor ( 0.5 + sqrt i )
GO Ja,Ja,0 % 'return'
% main (argc, argv) {
// generate the first 22 non squares
Main SET i,1 % for ( i=1; i<=22; i++){
1H GO Ja,RF % x = RF (i)
GO Ja,prtInt % print non square
INCL i,1 % i++
CMP t,i,22 % i<=22 ?
PBNP t,1B % }
LDA $255,NL
TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut
// check if RF (i) is a square for 0 < i < 1000000
SET i,1000
MUL i,i,i
SUB i,i,1 % for ( i = 999999; i>0; i--)
3H GO Ja,RF % x = RF ( i )
// square test
FLOT y,x % convert int x to float
FSQRT z,3,y % z = floor ( sqrt ( int (x) ) )
FIX z,z % z = cint z
MUL z,z,z % z = z^2
CMP t,x,z % x != (int sqrt x)^2 ?
PBNZ t,2F % if yes then continue
// it should not happen, but if a square is found
LDA $255,errh % else print err-message
TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut
GO Ja,prtInt % show trespasser
LDA $255,errt
TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut
LDA $255,NL
TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut
TRAP 0,Halt,0
2H SUB i,i,1 % i--
PBNZ i,3B % i>0? }
LDA $255,prtOk %
TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut
LDA $255,NL
TRAP 0,Fputs,StdOut
TRAP 0,Halt,0 % }
```
{{out}}
```txt
~/MIX/MMIX/Rosetta> mmix SoNS
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
No squares found below 1000000.
```
=={{header|Modula-3}}==
```modula3
MODULE NonSquare EXPORTS Main;
IMPORT IO, Fmt, Math;
VAR i: INTEGER;
PROCEDURE NonSquare(n: INTEGER): INTEGER =
BEGIN
RETURN n + FLOOR(0.5D0 + Math.sqrt(FLOAT(n, LONGREAL)));
END NonSquare;
BEGIN
FOR n := 1 TO 22 DO
IO.Put(Fmt.Int(NonSquare(n)) & " ");
END;
IO.Put("\n");
FOR n := 1 TO 1000000 DO
i := NonSquare(n);
IF i = FLOOR(Math.sqrt(FLOAT(i, LONGREAL))) THEN
IO.Put("Found square: " & Fmt.Int(n) & "\n");
END;
END;
END NonSquare.
```
{{out}}
```txt
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
```
## Nim
```nim
import math
proc nosqr(n: int): seq[int] =
result = newSeq[int] n
for i in 1..n:
result[i - 1] = i + i.float.sqrt.round.int
proc issqr(n: int): bool =
let sqr = sqrt(float(n))
let err = abs(sqr - float(round(sqr)))
err < 1e-7
echo nosqr(22)
for i in nosqr(1_000_000):
assert(not issqr(i))
```
{{out}}
```txt
@[2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27]
```
## OCaml
```ocaml
# let nonsqr n = n + truncate (0.5 +. sqrt (float n));;
val nonsqr : int -> int =
# (* first 22 values (as a list) has no squares: *)
for i = 1 to 22 do
Printf.printf "%d " (nonsqr i)
done;
print_newline ();;
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
- : unit = ()
# (* The following check shows no squares up to one million: *)
for i = 1 to 1_000_000 do
let j = sqrt (float (nonsqr i)) in
assert (j <> floor j)
done;;
- : unit = ()
```
## Oforth
```Oforth
22 seq map(#[ dup sqrt 0.5 + floor + ]) println
1000000 seq map(#[ dup sqrt 0.5 + floor + ]) conform(#[ sqrt dup floor <>]) println
```
{{out}}
```txt
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27]
1
```
## Ol
```scheme
(import (lib math))
(print
; sequence for 1 .. 22
(map (lambda (n)
(+ n (floor (+ 1/2 (exact (sqrt n))))))
(iota 22 1)))
; ==> (2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27)
(print
; filter out non squares
(filter
(lambda (x)
(let ((s (floor (exact (sqrt x)))))
(= (* s s) x)))
(map (lambda (n)
(+ n (floor (+ 1/2 (exact (sqrt n))))))
(iota 1000000 1))))
; ==> ()
```
## Oz
```oz
declare
fun {NonSqr N}
N + {Float.toInt {Floor 0.5 + {Sqrt {Int.toFloat N}}}}
end
fun {SqrtInt N}
{Float.toInt {Sqrt {Int.toFloat N}}}
end
fun {IsSquare N}
{Pow {SqrtInt N} 2} == N
end
Ns = {Map {List.number 1 999999 1} NonSqr}
in
{Show {List.take Ns 22}}
{Show {Some Ns IsSquare}}
```
## PARI/GP
```parigp
[vector(22,n,n + floor(1/2 + sqrt(n))), sum(n=1,1e6,issquare(n + floor(1/2 + sqrt(n))))]
```
## Pascal
{{libheader|Math}}
```pascal
Program SequenceOfNonSquares(output);
uses
Math;
var
m, n, test: longint;
begin
for n := 1 to 22 do
begin
test := n + floor(0.5 + sqrt(n));
write(test, ' ');
end;
writeln;
for n := 1 to 1000000 do
begin
test := n + floor(0.5 + sqrt(n));
m := round(sqrt(test));
if (m*m = test) then
writeln('square found for n = ', n);
end;
end.
```
{{out}}
```txt
:> ./SequenceOfNonSquares
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
```
a little speedup in testing upto 1 billion.
5 secs instead of 21 secs using fpc2.6.4
```pascal
program seqNonSq;
//sequence of non-squares
//n = i + floor(1/2 + sqrt(i))
function NonSquare(i: LongInt): LongInt;
Begin
NonSquare := i+trunc(sqrt(i) + 0.5);
end;
procedure First22;
var
i : integer;
begin
For i := 1 to 21 do
write(NonSquare(i):3,',');
writeln(NonSquare(22):3);
end;
procedure OutSquare(i: integer);
var
n : LongInt;
begin
n := NonSquare(i);
writeln('Square ',n,' found at ',i);
end;
procedure Test(Limit: LongWord);
var
i ,n,sq,sn : LongWord;
Begin
sn := 1;
sq := 1;
For i := 1 to Limit do
begin
n := NonSquare(i);
if n >= sq then
begin
if n > sq then
begin
sq := sq+2*sn+1; inc(sn);
end
else
OutSquare(i);
end;
end;
end;
Begin
First22;
Test(1000*1000*1000);
end.
```
## Perl
```perl
sub nonsqr { my $n = shift; $n + int(0.5 + sqrt $n) }
print join(' ', map nonsqr($_), 1..22), "\n";
foreach my $i (1..1_000_000) {
my $root = sqrt nonsqr($i);
die "Oops, nonsqr($i) is a square!" if $root == int $root;
}
```
{{out}}
```txt
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
```
## Perl 6
{{works with|Rakudo|2016.07}}
```perl6
sub nth-term (Int $n) { $n + round sqrt $n }
# Print the first 22 values of the sequence
say (nth-term $_ for 1 .. 22);
# Check that the first million values of the sequence are indeed non-square
for 1 .. 1_000_000 -> $i {
say "Oops, nth-term($i) is square!" if (sqrt nth-term $i) %% 1;
}
```
{{out}}
```txt
(2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27)
```
## Phix
```Phix
sequence s = repeat(0,22)
for n=1 to length(s) do
s[n] = n + floor(1/2 + sqrt(n))
end for
?s
integer nxt = 2, snxt = nxt*nxt, k
for n=1 to 1000000 do
k = n + floor(1/2 + sqrt(n))
if k>snxt then
-- printf(1,"%d didn't occur\n",snxt)
nxt += 1
snxt = nxt*nxt
end if
if k=snxt then
puts(1,"error!!\n")
end if
end for
puts(1,"none found ")
?{nxt,snxt}
```
{{out}}
```txt
{2,3,5,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,14,15,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,26,27}
none found {1001,1002001}
```
## PHP
```php
```
{{Out}}
```txt
>php nsqrt.php
2
3
5
6
7
8
10
11
12
13
14
15
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
27
Up to 1000000, found no square number in the sequence!
>
```
## PicoLisp
```PicoLisp
(de sqfun (N)
(+ N (sqrt N T)) ) # 'sqrt' rounds when called with 'T'
(for I 22
(println I (sqfun I)) )
(for I 1000000
(let (N (sqfun I) R (sqrt N))
(when (= N (* R R))
(prinl N " is square") ) ) )
```
{{out}}
```txt
1 2
2 3
3 5
4 6
5 7
6 8
7 10
8 11
9 12
10 13
11 14
12 15
13 17
14 18
15 19
16 20
17 21
18 22
19 23
20 24
21 26
22 27
```
## PL/I
```PL/I
put skip edit ((n, n + floor(sqrt(n) + 0.5) do n = 1 to n))
(skip, 2 f(5));
```
Results:
1 2
2 3
3 5
4 6
5 7
6 8
7 10
8 11
9 12
10 13
11 14
12 15
13 17
14 18
15 19
16 20
17 21
18 22
19 23
20 24
21 26
```
Test 1,000,000 values:
test: proc options (main);
declare n fixed (15);
do n = 1 to 1000000;
if perfect_square (n + fixed(sqrt(n) + 0.5, 15)) then
do; put skip list ('formula fails for n = ', n); stop; end;
end;
perfect_square: procedure (N) returns (bit (1) aligned);
declare N fixed (15);
declare K fixed (15);
k = sqrt(N)+0.1;
return ( k*k = N );
end perfect_square;
end test;
```
## PostScript
/nonsquare { dup sqrt .5 add floor add } def
/issquare { dup sqrt floor dup mul eq } def
1 1 22 { nonsquare = } for
1 1 1000 {
dup nonsquare issquare {
(produced a square!) = = exit
} if pop
} for
```
{{out}} (lack of error message shows none below 1000 produced a square)
```txt
2.0
3.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
15.0
17.0
18.0
19.0
20.0
21.0
22.0
23.0
24.0
26.0
27.0
```
## PowerShell
Implemented as a filter here, which can be used directly on the pipeline.
```powershell
filter Get-NonSquare {
return $_ + [Math]::Floor(1/2 + [Math]::Sqrt($_))
}
```
Printing out the first 22 values is straightforward, then:
```powershell
1..22 | Get-NonSquare
```
If there were any squares for ''n'' up to one million, they would be printed with the following, but there is no output:
```powershell
1..1000000 `
| Get-NonSquare `
| Where-Object {
$r = [Math]::Sqrt($_)
[Math]::Truncate($r) -eq $r
}
```
## PureBasic
```PureBasic
OpenConsole()
For a = 1 To 22
; Integer, so no floor needed
tmp = 1 / 2 + Sqr(a)
Print(Str(a + tmp) + ", ")
Next
PrintN("")
PrintN("Starting check till one million")
For a = 1 To 1000000
value.d = a + Round((1 / 2 + Sqr(a)), #PB_Round_Down)
root = Sqr(value)
If value - root*root = 0
found + 1
If found < 20
PrintN("Found a square! " + Str(value))
ElseIf found = 20
PrintN("And more")
EndIf
EndIf
Next
If found
PrintN(Str(found) + " Squares found, see above")
Else
PrintN("No squares, all ok")
EndIf
; Wait for enter
Input()
```
## Python
```python>>>
from math import floor, sqrt
>>> def non_square(n):
return n + floor(1/2 + sqrt(n))
>>> # first 22 values has no squares:
>>> print(*map(non_square, range(1, 23)))
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
>>> # The following check shows no squares up to one million:
>>> def is_square(n):
return sqrt(n).is_integer()
>>> non_squares = map(non_square, range(1, 10 ** 6))
>>> next(filter(is_square, non_squares))
StopIteration Traceback (most recent call last)
in ()
1 non_squares = map(non_square, range(1, 10 ** 6))
----> 2 next(filter(is_square, non_squares))
StopIteration:
```
## R
Printing the first 22 nonsquares.
```R
nonsqr <- function(n) n + floor(1/2 + sqrt(n))
nonsqr(1:22)
```
[1] 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
Testing the first million nonsquares.
```R
is.square <- function(x)
{
sqrx <- sqrt(x)
err <- abs(sqrx - round(sqrx))
err < 100*.Machine$double.eps
}
any(is.square(nonsqr(1:1e6)))
```
[1] FALSE
## Racket
```racket
#lang racket
(define (non-square n)
(+ n (exact-floor (+ 1/2 (sqrt n)))))
(map non-square (range 1 23))
(define (square? n) (integer? (sqrt n)))
(for/or ([n (in-range 1 1000001)])
(square? (non-square n)))
```
{{out}}
```txt
'(2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27)
#f
```
## REXX
REXX has no native support for '''floor''' or '''sqrt''', so these subroutines (functionsa) are written in REXX and are included below.
The '''iSqrt''' is a special integer square root function, it returns the ''integer'' root (and uses no floating point).
:::* 7 = iSqrt(63)
:::* 8 = iSqrt(64)
:::* 8 = iSqrt(65)
```rexx
/*REXX pgm displays some non─square numbers, & also displays a validation check up to 1M*/
parse arg N M . /*obtain optional arguments from the CL*/
if N=='' | N=="," then N= 22 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/
if M=='' | M=="," then M= 1000000 /* " " " " " " */
say 'The first ' N " non─square numbers:" /*display a header of what's to come. */
say /* [↑] default for M is one million.*/
say center('index', 20) center("non─square numbers", 20)
say center('' , 20, "═") center('' , 20, "═")
do j=1 for N
say center(j, 20) center(j +floor(1/2 +sqrt(j)), 20)
end /*j*/
#=0
do k=1 for M /*have it step through a million of 'em*/
$= k + floor( sqrt(k) + .5 ) /*use the specified formula (algorithm)*/
iRoot=iSqrt($) /*··· and also use the ISQRT function.*/
if iRoot*iRoot==$ then #=# + 1 /*have we found a mistook? (sic) */
end /*k*/
say; if #==0 then #= 'no' /*use gooder English for display below.*/
say 'Using the formula: floor[ 1/2 + sqrt(n) ], ' # " squares found up to " M'.'
/* [↑] display (possible) error count.*/
exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
floor: parse arg floor_; return trunc( floor_ - (floor_ < 0) )
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
iSqrt: procedure; parse arg x; #=1; r=0; do while # <= x; #=#*4; end
do while #>1; #=#%4; _=x-r-#; r=r%2; if _<0 then iterate; x=_; r=r+#; end; return r
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
sqrt: procedure; parse arg x; if x=0 then return 0; d=digits(); m.=9; numeric form; h=d+6
numeric digits; parse value format(x,2,1,,0) 'E0' with g 'E' _ .; g=g *.5'e'_ %2
do j=0 while h>9; m.j=h; h=h % 2 + 1; end /*j*/
do k=j+5 to 0 by -1; numeric digits m.k; g=(g+x/g)*.5; end /*k*/; return g
```
{{out|output}}
```txt
The first 22 non─square numbers:
index non─square numbers
════════════════════ ════════════════════
1 2
2 3
3 5
4 6
5 7
6 8
7 10
8 11
9 12
10 13
11 14
12 15
13 17
14 18
15 19
16 20
17 21
18 22
19 23
20 24
21 26
22 27
Using the formula: floor[ 1/2 + sqrt(n) ], no squares found up to 1000000.
```
## Ring
```ring
for n=1 to 22
x = n + floor(1/2 + sqrt(n))
see "" + x + " "
next
see nl
```
## Ruby
```ruby
def f(n)
n + (0.5 + Math.sqrt(n)).floor
end
(1..22).each { |n| puts "#{n} #{f(n)}" }
non_squares = (1..1_000_000).map { |n| f(n) }
squares = (1..1001).map { |n| n**2 } # Note: 1001*1001 = 1_002_001 > 1_001_000 = f(1_000_000)
(squares & non_squares).each do |n|
puts "Oops, found a square f(#{non_squares.index(n)}) = #{n}"
end
```
## Rust
{{works with|Rust|1.1}}
```rust
fn f(n: i64) -> i64 {
n + (0.5 + (n as f64).sqrt()) as i64
}
fn is_sqr(n: i64) -> bool {
let a = (n as f64).sqrt() as i64;
n == a * a || n == (a+1) * (a+1) || n == (a-1) * (a-1)
}
fn main() {
println!( "{:?}", (1..23).map(|n| f(n)).collect::>() );
let count = (1..1_000_000).map(|n| f(n)).filter(|&n| is_sqr(n)).count();
println!("{} unexpected squares found", count);
}
```
## Scala
```scala
def nonsqr(n:Int)=n+math.round(math.sqrt(n)).toInt
for(n<-1 to 22) println(n + " "+ nonsqr(n))
val test=(1 to 1000000).exists{n =>
val j=math.sqrt(nonsqr(n))
j==math.floor(j)
}
println("squares up to one million="+test)
```
## Scheme
```scheme
(define non-squares
(lambda (index)
(+ index (inexact->exact (floor (+ (/ 1 2) (sqrt index)))))))
(define sequence
(lambda (function)
(lambda (start)
(lambda (stop)
(if (> start stop)
(list)
(cons (function start)
(((sequence function) (+ start 1)) stop)))))))
(define square?
(lambda (number)
((lambda (root)
(= (* root root) number))
(floor (sqrt number)))))
(define any?
(lambda (predicate?)
(lambda (list)
(and (not (null? list))
(or (predicate? (car list))
((any? predicate?) (cdr list)))))))
(display (((sequence non-squares) 1) 22))
(newline)
(display ((any? square?) (((sequence non-squares) 1) 999999)))
(newline)
```
{{out}}
(2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27)
#f
## Seed7
```seed7
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";
include "float.s7i";
include "math.s7i";
const func integer: nonsqr (in integer: n) is
return n + trunc(0.5 + sqrt(flt(n)));
const proc: main is func
local
var integer: i is 0;
var float: j is 0.0;
begin
# First 22 values (as a list) has no squares:
for i range 1 to 22 do
write(nonsqr(i) <& " ");
end for;
writeln;
# The following check shows no squares up to one million:
for i range 1 to 1000000 do
j := sqrt(flt(nonsqr(i)));
if j = floor(j) then
writeln("Found square for nonsqr(" <& i <& ")");
end if;
end for;
end func;
```
## Sidef
```ruby
func nonsqr(n) { 0.5 + n.sqrt -> floor + n }
{|i| nonsqr(i) }.map(1..22).join(' ').say
{ |i|
if (nonsqr(i).is_sqr) {
die "Found a square in the sequence: #{i}"
}
} << 1..1e6
```
## Smalltalk
```smalltalk
| nonSquare isSquare squaresFound |
nonSquare := [:n |
n + (n sqrt) rounded
].
isSquare := [:n |
n = (((n sqrt) asInteger) raisedTo: 2)
].
Transcript show: 'The first few non-squares:'; cr.
1 to: 22 do: [:n |
Transcript show: (nonSquare value: n) asString; cr
].
squaresFound := 0.
1 to: 1000000 do: [:n |
(isSquare value: (nonSquare value: n)) ifTrue: [
squaresFound := squaresFound + 1
]
].
Transcript show: 'Squares found for values up to 1,000,000: ';
show: squaresFound asString; cr
```
## Standard ML
```sml
- fun nonsqr n = n + round (Math.sqrt (real n));
val nonsqr = fn : int -> int
- List.tabulate (23, nonsqr);
val it = [0,2,3,5,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,14,...] : int list
- let fun loop i = if i = 1000000 then true
else let val j = Math.sqrt (real (nonsqr i)) in
Real.!= (j, Real.realFloor j) andalso
loop (i+1)
end in
loop 1
end;
val it = true : bool
```
## Tcl
```tcl
package require Tcl 8.5
set f {n {expr {$n + floor(0.5 + sqrt($n))}}}
for {set x 1} {$x <= 22} {incr x} {
puts [format "%d\t%s" $x [apply $f $x]]
}
puts "looking for a square..."
for {set x 1} {$x <= 1000000} {incr x} {
set y [apply $f $x]
set s [expr {sqrt($y)}]
if {$s == int($s)} {
error "found a square in the sequence: $x -> $y"
}
}
puts "done"
```
{{out}}
```txt
1 2.0
2 3.0
3 5.0
4 6.0
5 7.0
6 8.0
7 10.0
8 11.0
9 12.0
10 13.0
11 14.0
12 15.0
13 17.0
14 18.0
15 19.0
16 20.0
17 21.0
18 22.0
19 23.0
20 24.0
21 26.0
22 27.0
looking for a square...
done
```
=={{header|TI-89 BASIC}}==
Definition and 1 to 22, interactively:
```ti89b
■ n+floor(1/2+√(n)) → f(n)
Done
■ seq(f(n),n,1,22)
{2,3,5,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,14,15,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,26,27}
```
Program testing up to one million:
```ti89b
test()
Prgm
Local i, ns
For i, 1, 10^6
f(i) → ns
If (floor(√(ns)))^2 = ns Then
Disp "Oops: " & string(ns)
EndIf
EndFor
Disp "Done"
EndPrgm
```
(This program has not been run to completion.)
## Ursala
```Ursala
#import nat
#import flo
nth_non_square = float; plus^/~& math..trunc+ plus/0.5+ sqrt
is_square = sqrt; ^E/~& math..trunc
#show+
examples = %neALP ^(~&,nth_non_square)*t iota23
check = (is_square*~+nth_non_square*t; ~&i&& %eLP)||-[no squares found]-! iota 1000000
```
{{out}}
```txt
<
1: 2.000000e+00,
2: 3.000000e+00,
3: 5.000000e+00,
4: 6.000000e+00,
5: 7.000000e+00,
6: 8.000000e+00,
7: 1.000000e+01,
8: 1.100000e+01,
9: 1.200000e+01,
10: 1.300000e+01,
11: 1.400000e+01,
12: 1.500000e+01,
13: 1.700000e+01,
14: 1.800000e+01,
15: 1.900000e+01,
16: 2.000000e+01,
17: 2.100000e+01,
18: 2.200000e+01,
19: 2.300000e+01,
20: 2.400000e+01,
21: 2.600000e+01,
22: 2.700000e+01>
no squares found
```
## VBA
```vb
Sub Main()
Dim i&, c&, j#, s$
Const N& = 1000000
s = "values for n in the range 1 to 22 : "
For i = 1 To 22
s = s & ns(i) & ", "
Next
For i = 1 To N
j = Sqr(ns(i))
If j = CInt(j) Then c = c + 1
Next
Debug.Print s
Debug.Print c & " squares less than " & N
End Sub
Private Function ns(l As Long) As Long
ns = l + Int(1 / 2 + Sqr(l))
End Function
```
{{out}}
```txt
values for n in the range 1 to 22 : 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27,
0 squares less than 1000000
```
## XLISP
```lisp
(defun non-square (n)
(+ n (floor (+ 0.5 (sqrt n)))))
(defun range (x y)
(if (< x y)
(cons x (range (+ x 1) y))))
(defun squarep (x)
(= x (expt (floor (sqrt x)) 2)))
(defun count-squares (x y)
(define squares 0)
(if (squarep (non-square x))
(define squares (+ squares 1)))
(if (= x y)
squares
(count-squares (+ x 1) y)))
(print (mapcar non-square (range 1 23)))
(print `(number of squares for values less than 1000000 = ,(count-squares 1 1000000)))
```
{{out}}
```txt
(2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27)
(NUMBER OF SQUARES FOR VALUES LESS THAN 1000000 = 0)
```
## XPL0
```XPL0
include c:\cxpl\codes; \intrinsic 'code' declarations
func real Floor(X); \Truncate X toward - infinity
real X;
return float(fix(X-0.5));
func PerfectSq(N); \Return 'true' if N is a perfect square
int N;
return sqrt(N)*sqrt(N) = N;
int N, M, M0;
[for N:= 1 to 22 do
[IntOut(0, fix(float(N) + Floor(0.5 + sqrt(float(N))))); ChOut(0,^ )];
CrLf(0);
M0:= 1;
for N:= 1 to 999_999 do
[M:= fix(float(N) + Floor(0.5 + sqrt(float(N))));
if PerfectSq(M) then [IntOut(0, M); Crlf(0)]; \error: have square
if M#M0+1 and not PerfectSq(M0+1) then \error: not sequential
[IntOut(0, M); Crlf(0)];
M0:= M;
];
]
```
{{out}}
```txt
2 3 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 26 27
```
## zkl
```zkl
fcn seq(n){n + (0.5+n.toFloat().sqrt()).floor()}
[1..22].apply(seq).toString(*).println();
fcn isSquare(n){n.toFloat().sqrt().modf()[1]==0.0}
isSquare(25) //-->True
isSquare(26) //-->False
[2..0d1_000_000].filter(fcn(n){isSquare(seq(n))}).println();
```
modf returns the integer and fractional parts of a float
{{out}}
```txt
L(2,3,5,6,7,8,10,11,12,13,14,15,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,26,27)
L()
```