⚠️ Warning: This is a draft ⚠️
This means it might contain formatting issues, incorrect code, conceptual problems, or other severe issues.
If you want to help to improve and eventually enable this page, please fork RosettaGit's repository and open a merge request on GitHub.
{{task}} [[File:15_puzzle.png|300px|thumb|right]] [[Category:Puzzles]] [[Category:Games]]
;Task: Implement the [[wp:15_puzzle|Fifteen Puzzle Game]].
The '''15-puzzle''' is also known as: :::* '''Fifteen Puzzle''' :::* '''Gem Puzzle''' :::* '''Boss Puzzle''' :::* '''Game of Fifteen''' :::* '''Mystic Square''' :::* '''14-15 Puzzle''' :::* and many others.
;Related Tasks: :* [[15_puzzle_solver|15 Puzzle Solver]] :* [[16 Puzzle Game]]
Ada
We fist define a generic package Generic_Puzzle. Upon instantiation, it can take any number of rows, any number of columns for a rows*columns-1 game. Instead of plain numbers, the tiles on the board can have arbitrary names (but they should all be of the same length). The package user can request the name for the tile at a certain (row,column)-point, and the set of possible moves. The user can move the empty space up, down, left and right (if possible). If the user makes the attempt to perform an impossible move, a Constraint_Error is raised.
generic
Rows, Cols: Positive;
with function Name(N: Natural) return String; -- with Pre => (N < Rows*Cols);
-- Name(0) shall return the name for the empty tile
package Generic_Puzzle is
subtype Row_Type is Positive range 1 .. Rows;
subtype Col_Type is Positive range 1 .. Cols;
type Moves is (Up, Down, Left, Right);
type Move_Arr is array(Moves) of Boolean;
function Get_Point(Row: Row_Type; Col: Col_Type) return String;
function Possible return Move_Arr;
procedure Move(The_Move: Moves);
end Generic_Puzzle;
The package implementation is as follows.
package body Generic_Puzzle is
Field: array(Row_Type, Col_Type) of Natural;
Current_R: Row_Type := Rows;
Current_C: Col_Type := Cols;
-- invariant: Field(Current_R, Current_C=0)
-- and for all R, C: Field(R, C) < R*C
-- and for all (R, C) /= (RR, CC): Field(R, C) /= Field(RR, CC)
function Get_Point(Row: Row_Type; Col: Col_Type) return String is
(Name(Field(Row, Col)));
function Possible return Move_Arr is
(Up => Current_R > 1, Down => Current_R < Rows,
Left => Current_C > 1, Right => Current_C < Cols);
procedure Move(The_Move: Moves) is
Old_R: Row_Type; Old_C: Col_Type; N: Natural;
begin
if not Possible(The_Move) then
raise Constraint_Error with "attempt to make impossible move";
else
-- remember current row and column
Old_R := Current_R;
Old_C := Current_C;
-- move the virtual cursor to a new position
case The_Move is
when Up => Current_R := Current_R - 1;
when Down => Current_R := Current_R + 1;
when Left => Current_C := Current_C - 1;
when Right => Current_C := Current_C + 1;
end case;
-- swap the tiles on the board
N := Field(Old_R, Old_C);
Field(Old_R, Old_C) := Field(Current_R, Current_C);
Field(Current_R, Current_C) := N;
end if;
end Move;
begin
declare -- set field to its basic setting
N: Positive := 1;
begin
for R in Row_Type loop
for C in Col_Type loop
if (R /= Current_R) or else (C /= Current_C) then
Field(R, C) := N;
N := N + 1;
else
Field(R, C) := 0;
end if;
end loop;
end loop;
end;
end Generic_Puzzle;
The main program reads the level from the command line. A larger level implies a more difficult instance. The default level is 10, which is fairly simple. After randomizing the board, the user can move the tiles.
with Generic_Puzzle, Ada.Text_IO,
Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random, Ada.Command_Line;
procedure Puzzle_15 is
function Image(N: Natural) return String is
(if N=0 then " " elsif N < 10 then " " & Integer'Image(N)
else Integer'Image(N));
package Puzzle is new Generic_Puzzle(Rows => 4, Cols => 4, Name => Image);
package Rnd is new Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random(Puzzle.Moves);
Rand_Gen: Rnd.Generator;
Level: Natural := (if Ada.Command_Line.Argument_Count = 0 then 10
else Natural'Value(Ada.Command_Line.Argument(1)));
Initial_Moves: Natural := (2**(Level/2) + 2**((1+Level)/2))/2;
Texts: constant array(Puzzle.Moves) of String(1..9) :=
("u,U,^,8: ", "d,D,v,2: ", "l,L,<,4: ", "r,R,>,6: ");
Move_Counter: Natural := 0;
Command: Character;
begin
-- randomize board
for I in 1 .. Initial_Moves loop
declare
M: Puzzle.Moves := Rnd.Random(Rand_Gen);
begin
if Puzzle.Possible(M) then
Puzzle.Move(M);
end if;
end;
end loop;
-- read command and perform move
loop
-- Print board
for R in Puzzle.Row_Type loop
for C in Puzzle.Col_Type loop
Ada.Text_IO.Put(Puzzle.Get_Point(R, C));
end loop;
Ada.Text_IO.New_Line;
end loop;
Ada.Text_IO.Get(Command);
begin
case Command is
when 'u' | 'U' | '^' | '8' =>
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Up!"); Puzzle.Move(Puzzle.Up);
when 'd' | 'D' | 'v' | '2' =>
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Down!"); Puzzle.Move(Puzzle.Down);
when 'l' | 'L' | '<' | '4' =>
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Left!"); Puzzle.Move(Puzzle.Left);
when 'r' | 'R' | '>' | '6' =>
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Right!"); Puzzle.Move(Puzzle.Right);
when '!' =>
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line(Natural'Image(Move_Counter) & " moves!");
exit;
when others =>
raise Constraint_Error with "wrong input";
end case;
Move_Counter := Move_Counter + 1;
exception when Constraint_Error =>
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Possible Moves and Commands:");
for M in Puzzle.Moves loop
if Puzzle.Possible(M) then
Ada.Text_IO.Put(Texts(M) & Puzzle.Moves'Image(M) & " ");
end if;
end loop;
Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("!: Quit");
end;
end loop;
end Puzzle_15;
{{out}}
>./puzzle_15 4
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 14 10 11
13 15 12
8
Up!
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11
13 14 15 12
6
Right!
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11
13 14 15 12
5
Possible Moves and Commands:
u,U,^,8: UP d,D,v,2: DOWN l,L,<,4: LEFT r,R,>,6: RIGHT !: Quit
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11
13 14 15 12
6
Right!
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11
13 14 15 12
2
Down!
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 15
!
4 moves!
For other puzzles, one must just the single line with the package instantiation. E.g., for an 8-puzzle, we would write the following.
package Puzzle is new Generic_Puzzle(Rows => 3, Cols => 3, Name => Image);
APL
{{works with|Dyalog APL|16.0}}
fpg←{⎕IO←0
⍺←4 4
(s∨.<0)∨2≠⍴s←⍺:'invalid shape:'s
0≠⍴⍴⍵:'invalid shuffle count:'⍵
d←d,-d←↓2 2⍴3↑1
e←¯1+⍴c←'↑↓←→○'
b←w←s⍴w←1⌽⍳×/s
z←⊃{
z p←⍵
n←(?⍴p)⊃p←(p≡¨(⊂s)|p)/p←(d~p)+⊂z
b[z n]←b[n z]
-⍨\n z
}⍣⍵⊢(s-1)0
⎕←b
⍬{
b≡w:'win'
0=⍴⍺:⍞∇ ⍵
e=i←c⍳m←⊃⍺:'quit'
i>e:⍞∇ ⍵⊣⎕←'invalid direction:'m
n≢s|n←⍵+i⊃d:⍞∇ ⍵⊣'out of bounds:'m
b[⍵ n]←b[n ⍵]
⎕←(s×0≠⍴⍺)⍴b
(1↓⍺)∇ n
}z
}
{{out}}
fpg 10
1 3 0 4
5 2 6 8
9 10 7 12
13 14 11 15
←
1 0 3 4
5 2 6 8
9 10 7 12
13 14 11 15
↓
1 2 3 4
5 0 6 8
9 10 7 12
13 14 11 15
→
1 2 3 4
5 6 0 8
9 10 7 12
13 14 11 15
↓↓
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 0 15
→
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 15 0
win
2 5 fpg 2
1 2 3 0 4
6 7 8 9 5
→
1 2 3 4 0
6 7 8 9 5
↓
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 0
win
ARM Assembly
{{works with|as|Raspberry Pi}}
/* ARM assembly Raspberry PI */
/* program puzzle15.s */
/************************************/
/* Constantes */
/************************************/
.equ STDIN, 0 @ Linux input console
.equ STDOUT, 1 @ Linux output console
.equ EXIT, 1 @ Linux syscall
.equ READ, 3 @ Linux syscall
.equ WRITE, 4 @ Linux syscall
.equ IOCTL, 0x36 @ Linux syscall
.equ SIGACTION, 0x43 @ Linux syscall
.equ SYSPOLL, 0xA8 @ Linux syscall
.equ TCGETS, 0x5401
.equ TCSETS, 0x5402
.equ ICANON, 2
.equ ECHO, 10
.equ POLLIN, 1
.equ SIGINT, 2 @ Issued if the user sends an interrupt signal (Ctrl + C)
.equ SIGQUIT, 3 @ Issued if the user sends a quit signal (Ctrl + D)
.equ SIGTERM, 15 @ Software termination signal (sent by kill by default)
.equ SIGTTOU, 22 @
.equ NBBOX, 16
.equ TAILLEBUFFER, 10
/*******************************************/
/* Structures */
/********************************************/
/* structure termios see doc linux*/
.struct 0
term_c_iflag: @ input modes
.struct term_c_iflag + 4
term_c_oflag: @ output modes
.struct term_c_oflag + 4
term_c_cflag: @ control modes
.struct term_c_cflag + 4
term_c_lflag: @ local modes
.struct term_c_lflag + 4
term_c_cc: @ special characters
.struct term_c_cc + 20 @ see length if necessary
term_fin:
/* structure sigaction see doc linux */
.struct 0
sa_handler:
.struct sa_handler + 4
sa_mask:
.struct sa_mask + 4
sa_flags:
.struct sa_flags + 4
sa_sigaction:
.struct sa_sigaction + 4
sa_fin:
/* structure poll see doc linux */
.struct 0
poll_fd: @ File Descriptor
.struct poll_fd + 4
poll_events: @ events mask
.struct poll_events + 4
poll_revents: @ events returned
.struct poll_revents + 4
poll_fin:
/*********************************/
/* Initialized data */
/*********************************/
.data
sMessResult: .ascii " "
sMessValeur: .fill 11, 1, ' ' @ size => 11
szCarriageReturn: .asciz "\n"
szMessGameWin: .ascii "You win in "
sMessCounter: .fill 11, 1, ' ' @ size => 11
.asciz " move number !!!!\n"
szMessMoveError: .asciz "Huh... Impossible move !!!!\n"
szMessErreur: .asciz "Error detected.\n"
szMessSpaces: .asciz " "
iGraine: .int 123456
/*************************************************/
szMessErr: .ascii "Error code hexa : "
sHexa: .space 9,' '
.ascii " decimal : "
sDeci: .space 15,' '
.asciz "\n"
szClear: .byte 0x1B
.byte 'c' @ console clear
.byte 0
/*********************************/
/* UnInitialized data */
/*********************************/
.bss
.align 4
iCodeError: .skip 4
ibox: .skip 4 * NBBOX @ game boxes
iEnd: .skip 4 @ 0 loop 1 = end loop
iTouche: .skip 4 @ value key pressed
stOldtio: .skip term_fin @ old terminal state
stCurtio: .skip term_fin @ current terminal state
stSigAction: .skip sa_fin @ area signal structure
stSigAction1: .skip sa_fin
stPoll1: .skip poll_fin @ area poll structure
stPoll2: .skip poll_fin
/*********************************/
/* code section */
/*********************************/
.text
.global main
main: @ entry of program
mov r0,#0
ldr r2,iAdribox
mov r9,#0 @ move counter
1: @ loop init boxs
add r1,r0,#1 @ box value
str r1,[r2,r0, lsl #2] @ store value
add r0,#1 @ increment counter
cmp r0,#NBBOX - 2 @ end ?
ble 1b
mov r10,#15 @ empty box location
ldr r0,iAdribox
bl shuffleGame
2: @ loop moves
ldr r0,iAdribox
bl displayGame
//ldr r0,iAdribox
//bl gameOK @ end game ?
//cmp r0,#1
//beq 50f
bl readKey @ read key
cmp r0,#-1
beq 100f @ error or control-c
mov r1,r0 @ key
ldr r0,iAdribox
bl keyMove
ldr r0,iAdribox
bl gameOK @ end game ?
cmp r0,#1
bne 2b @ no -> loop
50: @ win
mov r0,r9 @ move counter
ldr r1,iAdrsMessCounter
bl conversion10
ldr r0,iAdrszMessGameWin
bl affichageMess
100: @ standard end of the program
mov r0, #0 @ return code
mov r7, #EXIT @ request to exit program
svc #0 @ perform the system call
iAdrsMessValeur: .int sMessValeur
iAdrszCarriageReturn: .int szCarriageReturn
iAdrsMessResult: .int sMessResult
iAdribox: .int ibox
iAdrszMessGameWin: .int szMessGameWin
iAdrsMessCounter: .int sMessCounter
/******************************************************************/
/* key move */
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains boxs address */
/* r1 contains key value */
/* r9 move counter */
/* r10 contains location empty box */
keyMove:
push {r1-r8,lr} @ save registers
mov r8,r0
cmp r1,#0x42 @ down arrow
bne 1f
cmp r10,#4 @ if r10 < 4 error
blt 80f
sub r2,r10,#4 @ compute location
b 90f
1:
cmp r1,#0x41 @ high arrow
bne 2f
cmp r10,#11 @ if r10 > 11 error
bgt 80f
add r2,r10,#4 @ compute location
b 90f
2:
cmp r1,#0x43 @ right arrow
bne 3f
tst r10,#0b11 @ if r10 = 0,4,8,12 error
beq 80f
sub r2,r10,#1 @ compute location
b 90f
3:
cmp r1,#0x44 @ left arrow
bne 100f
and r3,r10,#0b11 @ error if r10 = 3 7 11 and 15
cmp r3,#3
beq 80f
add r2,r10,#1 @ compute location
b 90f
80: @ move error
ldr r0,iAdriCodeError
mov r1,#1
str r1,[r0]
b 100f
90: @ white box and move box inversion
ldr r3,[r8,r2,lsl #2]
str r3,[r8,r10,lsl #2]
mov r10,r2
mov r3,#0
str r3,[r8,r10,lsl #2]
add r9,#1 @ increment move counter
100:
pop {r1-r8,lr} @ restaur registers
bx lr @return
iAdriCodeError: .int iCodeError
/******************************************************************/
/* shuffle game */
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains boxs address */
shuffleGame:
push {r1-r6,lr} @ save registers
mov r1,r0
mov r0,#4
bl genereraleas
lsl r4,r0,#1
mov r0,r8
1:
mov r0,#14
bl genereraleas
add r6,r0,#1
mov r0,#14
bl genereraleas
add r5,r0,#1
ldr r2,[r1,r6,lsl #2]
ldr r3,[r1,r5,lsl #2]
str r2,[r1,r5,lsl #2]
str r3,[r1,r6,lsl #2]
subs r4,#1
bgt 1b
100:
pop {r1-r6,lr} @ restaur registers
bx lr @return
/******************************************************************/
/* game Ok ? */
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains boxs address */
gameOK:
push {r1-r8,lr} @ save registers
mov r8,r0
mov r2,#0
ldr r3,[r8,r2,lsl #2]
add r2,#1
1:
ldr r4,[r8,r2,lsl #2]
cmp r4,r3
movlt r0,#0 @ game mot Ok
blt 100f
mov r3,r4
add r2,#1
cmp r2,#NBBOX -2
ble 1b
mov r0,#1 @ game Ok
100:
pop {r1-r8,lr} @ restaur registers
bx lr @return
/******************************************************************/
/* display game */
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains boxs address */
displayGame:
push {r1-r5,lr} @ save registers
@ clear !
mov r4,r0
ldr r0,iAdrszClear
bl affichageMess
mov r2,#0
ldr r1,iAdrsMessValeur
1:
ldr r0,[r4,r2,lsl #2]
cmp r0,#0
ldreq r0,iSpaces @ store spaces
streq r0,[r1]
beq 2f
bl conversion10 @ call conversion decimal
mov r0,#0
strb r0,[r1,#3] @ zéro final
2:
ldr r0,iAdrsMessResult
bl affichageMess @ display message
add r0,r2,#1
tst r0,#0b11
bne 3f
ldr r0,iAdrszCarriageReturn
bl affichageMess @ display message
3:
add r2,#1
cmp r2,#NBBOX - 1
ble 1b
ldr r0,iAdrszCarriageReturn
bl affichageMess @ display line return
ldr r0,iAdriCodeError @ error detected ?
ldr r1,[r0]
cmp r1,#0
beq 100f
mov r1,#0 @ raz error code
str r1,[r0]
ldr r0,iAdrszMessMoveError @ display error message
bl affichageMess
100:
pop {r1-r5,lr} @ restaur registers
bx lr @return
iSpaces: .int 0x00202020 @ spaces
iAdrszClear: .int szClear
iAdrszMessMoveError: .int szMessMoveError
/******************************************************************/
/* display text with size calculation */
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains the address of the message */
affichageMess:
push {r0,r1,r2,r7,lr} @ save registres
mov r2,#0 @ counter length
1: @ loop length calculation
ldrb r1,[r0,r2] @ read octet start position + index
cmp r1,#0 @ if 0 its over
addne r2,r2,#1 @ else add 1 in the length
bne 1b @ and loop
@ so here r2 contains the length of the message
mov r1,r0 @ address message in r1
mov r0,#STDOUT @ code to write to the standard output Linux
mov r7, #WRITE @ code call system "write"
svc #0 @ call systeme
pop {r0,r1,r2,r7,lr} @ restaur des 2 registres */
bx lr @ return
/******************************************************************/
/* Converting a register to a decimal unsigned */
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains value and r1 address area */
/* r0 return size of result (no zero final in area) */
/* area size => 11 bytes */
.equ LGZONECAL, 10
conversion10:
push {r1-r4,lr} @ save registers
mov r3,r1
mov r2,#LGZONECAL
1: @ start loop
bl divisionpar10U @ unsigned r0 <- dividende. quotient ->r0 reste -> r1
add r1,#48 @ digit
strb r1,[r3,r2] @ store digit on area
cmp r0,#0 @ stop if quotient = 0
subne r2,#1 @ else previous position
bne 1b @ and loop
@ and move digit from left of area
mov r4,#0
2:
ldrb r1,[r3,r2]
strb r1,[r3,r4]
add r2,#1
add r4,#1
cmp r2,#LGZONECAL
ble 2b
@ and move spaces in end on area
mov r0,r4 @ result length
mov r1,#' ' @ space
3:
strb r1,[r3,r4] @ store space in area
add r4,#1 @ next position
cmp r4,#LGZONECAL
ble 3b @ loop if r4 <= area size
100:
pop {r1-r4,lr} @ restaur registres
bx lr @return
/***************************************************/
/* division par 10 unsigned */
/***************************************************/
/* r0 dividende */
/* r0 quotient */
/* r1 remainder */
divisionpar10U:
push {r2,r3,r4, lr}
mov r4,r0 @ save value
ldr r3,iMagicNumber @ r3 <- magic_number raspberry 1 2
umull r1, r2, r3, r0 @ r1<- Lower32Bits(r1*r0) r2<- Upper32Bits(r1*r0)
mov r0, r2, LSR #3 @ r2 <- r2 >> shift 3
add r2,r0,r0, lsl #2 @ r2 <- r0 * 5
sub r1,r4,r2, lsl #1 @ r1 <- r4 - (r2 * 2) = r4 - (r0 * 10)
pop {r2,r3,r4,lr}
bx lr @ leave function
iMagicNumber: .int 0xCCCCCCCD
/***************************************************/
/* Generation random number */
/***************************************************/
/* r0 contains limit */
genereraleas:
push {r1-r4,lr} @ save registers
ldr r4,iAdriGraine
ldr r2,[r4]
ldr r3,iNbDep1
mul r2,r3,r2
ldr r3,iNbDep1
add r2,r2,r3
str r2,[r4] @ maj de la graine pour l appel suivant
cmp r0,#0
beq 100f
mov r1,r0 @ divisor
mov r0,r2 @ dividende
bl division
mov r0,r3 @ résult = remainder
100: @ end function
pop {r1-r4,lr} @ restaur registers
bx lr @ return
/*****************************************************/
iAdriGraine: .int iGraine
iNbDep1: .int 0x343FD
iNbDep2: .int 0x269EC3
/***************************************************/
/* integer division unsigned */
/***************************************************/
division:
/* r0 contains dividend */
/* r1 contains divisor */
/* r2 returns quotient */
/* r3 returns remainder */
push {r4, lr}
mov r2, #0 @ init quotient
mov r3, #0 @ init remainder
mov r4, #32 @ init counter bits
b 2f
1: @ loop
movs r0, r0, LSL #1 @ r0 <- r0 << 1 updating cpsr (sets C if 31st bit of r0 was 1)
adc r3, r3, r3 @ r3 <- r3 + r3 + C. This is equivalent to r3 ? (r3 << 1) + C
cmp r3, r1 @ compute r3 - r1 and update cpsr
subhs r3, r3, r1 @ if r3 >= r1 (C=1) then r3 <- r3 - r1
adc r2, r2, r2 @ r2 <- r2 + r2 + C. This is equivalent to r2 <- (r2 << 1) + C
2:
subs r4, r4, #1 @ r4 <- r4 - 1
bpl 1b @ if r4 >= 0 (N=0) then loop
pop {r4, lr}
bx lr
/***************************************************/
/* read touch */
/***************************************************/
readKey:
push {r1-r7,lr}
mov r5,#0
/* read terminal state */
mov r0,#STDIN @ input console
mov r1,#TCGETS
ldr r2,iAdrstOldtio
mov r7, #IOCTL @ call system Linux
svc #0
cmp r0,#0 @ error ?
beq 1f
ldr r1,iAdrszMessErreur @ error message
bl displayError
mov r0,#-1
b 100f
1:
adr r0,sighandler @ adresse routine traitement signal
ldr r1,iAdrstSigAction @ adresse structure sigaction
str r0,[r1,#sa_handler] @ maj handler
mov r0,#SIGINT @ signal type
ldr r1,iAdrstSigAction
mov r2,#0 @ NULL
mov r7, #SIGACTION @ call system
svc #0
cmp r0,#0 @ error ?
bne 97f
mov r0,#SIGQUIT
ldr r1,iAdrstSigAction
mov r2,#0 @ NULL
mov r7, #SIGACTION @ call system
svc #0
cmp r0,#0 @ error ?
bne 97f
mov r0,#SIGTERM
ldr r1,iAdrstSigAction
mov r2,#0 @ NULL
mov r7, #SIGACTION @ appel systeme
svc #0
cmp r0,#0
bne 97f
@
adr r0,iSIG_IGN @ address signal ignore function
ldr r1,iAdrstSigAction1
str r0,[r1,#sa_handler]
mov r0,#SIGTTOU @invalidate other process signal
ldr r1,iAdrstSigAction1
mov r2,#0 @ NULL
mov r7,#SIGACTION @ call system
svc #0
cmp r0,#0
bne 97f
@
/* read terminal current state */
mov r0,#STDIN
mov r1,#TCGETS
ldr r2,iAdrstCurtio @ address current termio
mov r7,#IOCTL @ call systeme
svc #0
cmp r0,#0 @ error ?
bne 97f
mov r2,#ICANON | ECHO @ no key pressed echo on display
mvn r2,r2 @ and one key
ldr r1,iAdrstCurtio
ldr r3,[r1,#term_c_lflag]
and r3,r2 @ add flags
str r3,[r1,#term_c_lflag] @ and store
mov r0,#STDIN @ maj terminal current state
mov r1,#TCSETS
ldr r2,iAdrstCurtio
mov r7, #IOCTL @ call system
svc #0
cmp r0,#0
bne 97f
@
2: @ loop waiting key
ldr r0,iAdriEnd @ if signal ctrl-c -> end
ldr r0,[r0]
cmp r0,#0
movne r5,#-1
bne 98f
ldr r0,iAdrstPoll1 @ address structure poll
mov r1,#STDIN
str r1,[r0,#poll_fd] @ maj FD
mov r1,#POLLIN @ action code
str r1,[r0,#poll_events]
mov r1,#1 @ items number structure poll
mov r2,#0 @ timeout = 0
mov r7,#SYSPOLL @ call system POLL
svc #0
cmp r0,#0 @ key pressed ?
ble 2b @ no key pressed -> loop
@ read key
mov r0,#STDIN @ File Descriptor
ldr r1,iAdriTouche @ buffer address
mov r2,#TAILLEBUFFER @ buffer size
mov r7,#READ @ read key
svc #0
cmp r0,#0 @ error ?
bgt 98f
97: @ error detected
ldr r1,iAdrszMessErreur @ error message
bl displayError
mov r5,#-1
98: @ end then restaur begin state terminal
mov r0,#STDIN
mov r1,#TCSETS
ldr r2,iAdrstOldtio
mov r7,#IOCTL @ call system
svc #0
cmp r0,#0
beq 99f @ restaur ok
ldr r1,iAdrszMessErreur @ error message
bl displayError
mov r0,#-1
b 100f
99:
cmp r5,#0 @ error or control-c
ldreq r2,iAdriTouche @ key address
ldreqb r0,[r2,#2] @ return key byte
movne r0,r5 @ or error
100:
pop {r1-r7, lr}
bx lr
iSIG_IGN: .int 1
iAdriEnd: .int iEnd
iAdrstPoll1: .int stPoll1
iAdriTouche: .int iTouche
iAdrstOldtio: .int stOldtio
iAdrstCurtio: .int stCurtio
iAdrstSigAction: .int stSigAction
iAdrstSigAction1: .int stSigAction1
iAdrszMessErreur : .int szMessErreur
/******************************************************************/
/* traitement du signal */
/******************************************************************/
sighandler:
push {r0,r1}
ldr r0,iAdriEnd
mov r1,#1 @ maj zone end
str r1,[r0]
pop {r0,r1}
bx lr
/***************************************************/
/* display error message */
/***************************************************/
/* r0 contains error code r1 : message address */
displayError:
push {r0-r2,lr} @ save registers
mov r2,r0 @ save error code
mov r0,r1
bl affichageMess
mov r0,r2 @ error code
ldr r1,iAdrsHexa
bl conversion16 @ conversion hexa
mov r0,r2 @ error code
ldr r1,iAdrsDeci @ result address
bl conversion10 @ conversion decimale
ldr r0,iAdrszMessErr @ display error message
bl affichageMess
100:
pop {r0-r2,lr} @ restaur registers
bx lr @ return
iAdrszMessErr: .int szMessErr
iAdrsHexa: .int sHexa
iAdrsDeci: .int sDeci
/******************************************************************/
/* Converting a register to hexadecimal */
/******************************************************************/
/* r0 contains value and r1 address area */
conversion16:
push {r1-r4,lr} @ save registers
mov r2,#28 @ start bit position
mov r4,#0xF0000000 @ mask
mov r3,r0 @ save entry value
1: @ start loop
and r0,r3,r4 @value register and mask
lsr r0,r2 @ move right
cmp r0,#10 @ compare value
addlt r0,#48 @ <10 ->digit
addge r0,#55 @ >10 ->letter A-F
strb r0,[r1],#1 @ store digit on area and + 1 in area address
lsr r4,#4 @ shift mask 4 positions
subs r2,#4 @ counter bits - 4 <= zero ?
bge 1b @ no -> loop
100:
pop {r1-r4,lr} @ restaur registers
bx lr @return
Astro
type Puzzle(var items: {}, var position: -1) fun mainframe(puz): let d = puz.items print('+-----+-----+-----+-----+') print(d[1], d[2], d[3], d[4], first: '|', sep: '|', last: '|') print('+-----+-----+-----+-----+') print(d[5], d[6], d[7], d[8], first: '|', sep: '|', last: '|') print('+-----+-----+-----+-----+') print(d[9], d[10], d[11], d[12], first: '|', sep: '|', last: '|') print('+-----+-----+-----+-----+') print(d[13], d[14], d[15], d[16], first: '|', sep: '|', last: '|') print('+-----+-----+-----+-----+') fun format(puz, ch): match ch.trim().length: 1 => ' $ch ' 2 => ' $ch ' 0 => ' ' fun change(puz, to): let fro = puz.position for a, b in puz.items where b == puz.format(str i): to = a break swap(puz.items[fro], :[to]) puz.position = to; fun buildboard(puz, difficulty): for i in 1..16: puz.items[i] = puz.format(str i) var tmp = a for a, b in puz.items where b == ' 16 ': puz.items[a] = ' ' tmp = a break puz.position = tmp let diff = match difficulty: 0 => 10 1 => 50 _ => 100 for i in 1..diff: let lst = puz.validmoves() let lst1 = [] for j in lst: lst1.push! j.trim().int() puz.change(lst1[random(1, lst1.length - 1)]) fun validmoves(puz): match puz.position: 6 | 7 | 10 | 11 => puz.items[pos - 4], :[pos - 1], :[pos + 1], :[pos + 4] 5 | 9 => puz.items[pos - 4], :[pos + 4], :[pos + 1] 8 | 12 => puz.items[pos - 4], :[pos + 4], :[pos - 1] 2 | 3 => puz.items[pos - 1], :[pos + 1], :[pos + 4] 14 | 15 => puz.items[pos - 1], :[pos + 1], :[pos - 4] 1 => puz.items[pos + 1], :[pos + 4] 4 => puz.items[pos - 1], :[pos + 4] 13 => puz.items[pos + 1], :[pos - 4] 16 => puz.items[pos - 1], :[pos - 4] fun mainframe(puz): var flag = false for a, b in puz.items: if b == ' ': pass else: flag = (a == b.trim().int()) .. return flag let game = Puzzle() game.buildboard( int(input('Enter the difficulty : 0 1 2\n2 => highest 0=> lowest\n')) ) game.mainframe() print 'Enter 0 to exit' loop: print 'Hello user:\nTo change the position just enter the no. near it' var lst = game.validmoves() var lst1 = [] for i in lst: lst1.push! i.trim().int() print(i.strip(), '\t', last: '') print() let value = int(input()) if value == 0: break elif x not in lst1: print('Wrong move') else: game.change(x) game.mainframe() if g.gameover(): print 'You WON' break
AutoHotkey
Size := 20
Grid := [], Deltas := ["-1,0","1,0","0,-1","0,1"], Width := Size * 2.5
Gui, font, S%Size%
Gui, add, text, y1
loop, 4
{
Row := A_Index
loop, 4
{
Col := A_Index
Gui, add, button, % (Col=1 ? "xs y+1" : "x+1 yp") " v" Row "_" Col " w" Width " gButton -TabStop", % Grid[Row,Col] := Col + (Row-1)*4 ; 1-16
}
}
GuiControl, Hide, % Row "_" Col ; 4_4
Gui, add, Button, % "xs gShuffle w" 4 * Width + 3, Shuffle
Gui, show,, 15 Puzzle
return
;------------------------------
GuiClose:
ExitApp
return
;------------------------------
Shuffle:
Shuffle := true
loop, 1000
{
Random, Rnd, 1,4
Move(StrSplit(Deltas[Rnd], ",").1, StrSplit(Deltas[Rnd], ",").2)
}
Shuffle := false
return
;------------------------------
Button:
buttonRow := SubStr(A_GuiControl, 1, 1), ButtonCol := SubStr(A_GuiControl, 3, 1)
if Abs(buttonRow-Row) > 1 || Abs(ButtonCol-Col) > 1 || Abs(buttonRow-Row) = Abs(ButtonCol-Col)
return
Move(buttonRow-Row, ButtonCol-Col)
return
;------------------------------
#IfWinActive, 15 Puzzle
;------------------------------
Down::
Move(-1, 0)
return
;------------------------------
Up::
Move(1, 0)
return
;------------------------------
Right::
Move(0, -1)
return
;------------------------------
Left::
Move(0, 1)
return
;------------------------------
#IfWinActive
;------------------------------
Move(deltaRow, deltaCol){
global
if (Row+deltaRow=0) || (Row+deltaRow=5) || (Col+deltaCol=0) || (Col+deltaCol=5)
return
GuiControl, Hide, % Row+deltaRow "_" Col+deltaCol
GuiControl, Show, % Row "_" Col
GuiControl,, %Row%_%Col%, % Grid[Row+deltaRow, Col+deltaCol]
Grid[Row, Col] := Grid[Row+deltaRow, Col+deltaCol]
Grid[Row+=deltaRow, Col+=deltaCol] := 16
if Shuffle
return
gridCont := ""
for m, obj in grid
for n, val in obj
gridCont .= val ","
if (Trim(gridCont, ",") = "1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16")
MsgBox, 262208, 15 Puzzle, You solved 15 Puzzle
}
BASIC
=
Commodore BASIC
=
10 REM 15-PUZZLE GAME
20 REM COMMODORE BASIC 2.0
30 REM ********************************
40 GOSUB 400 : REM INTRO AND LEVEL
50 GOSUB 510 : REM SETUP BOARD
60 GOSUB 210 : REM PRINT PUZZLE
70 PRINT "TO MOVE A PIECE, ENTER ITS NUMBER:"
80 INPUT X
90 GOSUB 760 : REM CHECK IF MOVE IS VALID
100 IF MV=0 THEN PRINT "WRONG MOVE" : GOSUB 1110 : GOTO 60
110 D(Z)=X : D(Y)=0
120 GOSUB 210 : REM PRINT PUZZLE
130 GOSUB 1010: REM CHECK IF PUZZLE COMPLETE
140 IF PC THEN 160
150 GOTO 70
160 PRINT"YOU WON!"
170 END
180 REM
190 REM *******************************
200 REM PRINT/DRAW THE PUZZLE
210 FOR P=1 TO 16
220 IF D(P)=0 THEN D$(P)=" " : GOTO 260
230 S$=STR$(D(P))
240 N=LEN(S$)
250 D$(P) = LEFT$(" ",3-N)+S$+" "
260 NEXT
270 PRINT "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
280 PRINT "!"D$(1)"!"D$(2)"!"D$(3)"!"D$(4)"!"
290 PRINT "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
300 PRINT "!"D$(5)"!"D$(6)"!"D$(7)"!"D$(8)"!"
310 PRINT "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
320 PRINT "!"D$(9)"!"D$(10)"!"D$(11)"!"D$(12)"!"
330 PRINT "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
340 PRINT "!"D$(13)"!"D$(14)"!"D$(15)"!"D$(16)"!"
350 PRINT "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
360 RETURN
370 REM
380 REM *******************************
390 REM INTRO AND LEVEL OF DIFFICULTY
400 PRINT CHR$(147)
410 DIM SH(3) : SH(1)=10 : SH(2)=50 : SH(3)=100
420 PRINT "15 PUZZLE GAME FOR COMMODORE BASIC 2.0" : PRINT : PRINT
430 PRINT "PLEASE ENTER LEVEL OF DIFFICULTY,"
440 PRINT "1(EASY), 2(MEDIUM) OR 3(HARD):";
450 INPUT V
460 IF V<1 OR V>3 THEN 440
470 RETURN
480 REM
490 REM *******************************
500 REM BUILD THE BOARD
510 DIM D(16) : DIM D$(16) : REM BOARD PIECES
520 REM SET PIECES IN CORRECT ORDER FIRST
530 FOR P=1 TO 15
540 D(P) = P
550 NEXT
560 D(16) = 0 : REM 0 = EMPTY PIECE/SLOT
570 Z=16 : REM Z = EMPTY POSITION
580 PRINT: PRINT "SHUFFLING PIECES";
590 FOR N=1 TO SH(V)
600 PRINT".";
610 X = INT(RND(0)*4)+1
620 IF X=1 THEN R=Z-4
630 IF X=2 THEN R=Z+4
640 IF (X=3) AND (INT((Z-1)/4)<>(Z-1)/4) THEN R=Z-1
650 IF (X=4) AND (INT(Z/4)<>Z/4) THEN R=Z+1
660 IF R<1 OR R>16 THEN 610
670 D(Z)=D(R)
680 Z=R
690 D(Z)=0
700 NEXT
710 PRINT CHR$(147)
720 RETURN
730 REM
740 REM *******************************
750 REM CHECK IF MOVE IS VALID
760 MV = 0
770 IF X<1 OR X>15 THEN RETURN
780 REM FIND POSITION OF PIECE X
790 P=1
800 IF D(P)=X THEN 840
810 P=P+1
820 IF P>16 THEN PRINT "UH OH!" : STOP
830 GOTO 800
840 Y=P
850 REM FIND POSITION OF EMPTY PIECE
860 P=1
870 IF D(P)=0 THEN 910
880 P=P+1
890 IF P>16 THEN PRINT "UH OH!" : STOP
900 GOTO 870
910 Z=P
920 REM CHECK IF EMPTY PIECE IS ABOVE, BELOW, LEFT OR RIGHT TO PIECE X
930 IF Y-4=Z THEN MV=1 : RETURN
940 IF Y+4=Z THEN MV=1 : RETURN
950 IF (Y-1=Z) AND (INT(Z/4)<>Z/4) THEN MV=1 : RETURN
960 IF (Y+1=Z) AND (INT(Y/4)<>Y/4) THEN MV=1 : RETURN
970 RETURN
980 REM
990 REM *******************************
1000 REM CHECK IF PUZZLE IS COMPLETE / GAME OVER
1010 PC = 0
1020 P=1
1030 IF (P>=16) OR (D(P)<>P) THEN 1060
1040 P=P+1
1050 GOTO 1030
1060 IF P=16 THEN PC=1
1070 RETURN
1080 REM
1090 REM ******************************
1100 REM A SMALL DELAY
1110 FOR T=0 TO 400
1120 NEXT
1130 RETURN
C
===C89, 22 lines version=== The task, as you can see, can be resolved in 22 lines of no more than 80 characters. Of course, the source code in C is not very readable. The second example works exactly the same way, but it was written in much more human readable way. The program also works correctly for non-standard number of rows and/or columns.
/* RosettaCode: Fifteen puzle game, C89, plain vanillia TTY, MVC, § 22 */ #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #define N 4 #define M 4 enum Move{UP,DOWN,LEFT,RIGHT};int hR;int hC;int cc[N][M];const int nS=100;int update(enum Move m){const int dx[]={0,0,-1,1};const int dy[]={-1,1,0,0};int i=hR +dy[m];int j=hC+dx[m];if(i>= 0&&i<N&&j>=0&&j<M){cc[hR][hC]=cc[i][j];cc[i][j]=0; hR=i;hC=j;return 1;}return 0;}void setup(void){int i,j,k;for(i=0;i<N;i++)for(j=0 ;j<M;j++)cc[i][j]=i*M+j+1;cc[N-1][M-1]=0;hR=N-1;hC=M-1;k=0;while(k<nS)k+=update( (enum Move)(rand()%4));}int isEnd(void){int i,j; int k=1;for(i=0;i<N;i++)for(j=0 ;j<M;j++)if((k<N*M)&&(cc[i][j]!=k++))return 0;return 1;}void show(){int i,j; putchar('\n');for(i=0;i<N;i++)for(j=0;j<M;j++){if(cc[i][j])printf(j!=M-1?" %2d " :" %2d \n",cc[i][j]);else printf(j!=M-1?" %2s ":" %2s \n", "");}putchar('\n');} void disp(char* s){printf("\n%s\n", s);}enum Move get(void){int c;for(;;){printf ("%s","enter u/d/l/r : ");c=getchar();while(getchar()!='\n');switch(c){case 27: exit(0);case'd':return UP;case'u':return DOWN;case'r':return LEFT;case'l':return RIGHT;}}}void pause(void){getchar();}int main(void){srand((unsigned)time(NULL)); do setup();while(isEnd());show();while(!isEnd()){update(get());show();}disp( "You win"); pause();return 0;}
===C89, short version, TTY mode===
/* * RosettaCode: Fifteen puzle game, C89, plain vanillia TTY, MVC */ #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS /* unlocks printf etc. in MSVC */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> enum Move { MOVE_UP = 0, MOVE_DOWN = 1, MOVE_LEFT = 2, MOVE_RIGHT = 3 }; /* ***************************************************************************** * Model */ #define NROWS 4 #define NCOLLUMNS 4 int holeRow; int holeCollumn; int cells[NROWS][NCOLLUMNS]; const int nShuffles = 100; int Game_update(enum Move move){ const int dx[] = { 0, 0, -1, +1 }; const int dy[] = { -1, +1, 0, 0 }; int i = holeRow + dy[move]; int j = holeCollumn + dx[move]; if ( i >= 0 && i < NROWS && j >= 0 && j < NCOLLUMNS ){ cells[holeRow][holeCollumn] = cells[i][j]; cells[i][j] = 0; holeRow = i; holeCollumn = j; return 1; } return 0; } void Game_setup(void){ int i,j,k; for ( i = 0; i < NROWS; i++ ) for ( j = 0; j < NCOLLUMNS; j++ ) cells[i][j] = i * NCOLLUMNS + j + 1; cells[NROWS-1][NCOLLUMNS-1] = 0; holeRow = NROWS - 1; holeCollumn = NCOLLUMNS - 1; k = 0; while ( k < nShuffles ) k += Game_update((enum Move)(rand() % 4)); } int Game_isFinished(void){ int i,j; int k = 1; for ( i = 0; i < NROWS; i++ ) for ( j = 0; j < NCOLLUMNS; j++ ) if ( (k < NROWS*NCOLLUMNS) && (cells[i][j] != k++ ) ) return 0; return 1; } /* ***************************************************************************** * View */ void View_showBoard(){ int i,j; putchar('\n'); for ( i = 0; i < NROWS; i++ ) for ( j = 0; j < NCOLLUMNS; j++ ){ if ( cells[i][j] ) printf(j != NCOLLUMNS-1 ? " %2d " : " %2d \n", cells[i][j]); else printf(j != NCOLLUMNS-1 ? " %2s " : " %2s \n", ""); } putchar('\n'); } void View_displayMessage(char* text){ printf("\n%s\n", text); } /* ***************************************************************************** * Controller */ enum Move Controller_getMove(void){ int c; for(;;){ printf("%s", "enter u/d/l/r : "); c = getchar(); while( getchar() != '\n' ) ; switch ( c ){ case 27: exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); case 'd' : return MOVE_UP; case 'u' : return MOVE_DOWN; case 'r' : return MOVE_LEFT; case 'l' : return MOVE_RIGHT; } } } void Controller_pause(void){ getchar(); } int main(void){ srand((unsigned)time(NULL)); do Game_setup(); while ( Game_isFinished() ); View_showBoard(); while( !Game_isFinished() ){ Game_update( Controller_getMove() ); View_showBoard(); } View_displayMessage("You win"); Controller_pause(); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }
{{Out}}
9 1 4 7
6 5 3 2
13 10 8
14 15 11 12
enter u/d/l/r : u
9 1 4 7
6 5 3 2
13 10 11 8
14 15 12
enter u/d/l/r : l
9 1 4 7
6 5 3 2
13 10 11 8
14 15 12
enter u/d/l/r : d
9 1 4 7
6 5 3 2
13 10 11
14 15 12 8
enter u/d/l/r :
===C89, long version, TTY/Winapi/ncurses modes===
/** * RosettaCode: Fifteen puzle game, C89, MS Windows Console API, MVC * * @version 0.2 (added TTY and ncurses modes) */ #define UNDEFINED_WIN32API_CONSOLE #define UNDEFINED_NCURSES_CONSOLE #if !defined (TTY_CONSOLE) && !defined(WIN32API_CONSOLE) && !defined(NCURSES_CONSOLE) #define TTY_CONSOLE #endif #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS /* enable printf etc. */ #define _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE /* POSIX functions enabled */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <time.h> #if defined(NCURSES_CONSOLE) #include "curses.h" /* see http://pdcurses.sourceforge.net/ */ #elif defined(WIN32API_CONSOLE) #define NOGDI /* we don't need GDI */ #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN /* we don't need OLE etc. */ #include <windows.h> /* MS Windows stuff */ #include <conio.h> /* kbhit() and getch() */ #endif enum Move { MOVE_UP = 0, MOVE_DOWN = 1, MOVE_LEFT = 2, MOVE_RIGHT = 3 }; /* ***************************************************************************** * Model */ #define NROWS 4 #define NCOLLUMNS 4 int holeRow; int holeCollumn; int cells[NROWS][NCOLLUMNS]; const int nShuffles = 100; int Game_update(enum Move move){ const int dx[] = { 0, 0, -1, +1 }; const int dy[] = { -1, +1, 0, 0 }; int i = holeRow + dy[move]; int j = holeCollumn + dx[move]; if ( i >= 0 && i < NROWS && j >= 0 && j < NCOLLUMNS ){ cells[holeRow][holeCollumn] = cells[i][j]; cells[i][j] = 0; holeRow = i; holeCollumn = j; return 1; } return 0; } void Game_setup(void){ int i,j,k; for ( i = 0; i < NROWS; i++ ) for ( j = 0; j < NCOLLUMNS; j++ ) cells[i][j] = i * NCOLLUMNS + j + 1; cells[NROWS-1][NCOLLUMNS-1] = 0; holeRow = NROWS - 1; holeCollumn = NCOLLUMNS - 1; k = 0; while ( k < nShuffles ) k += Game_update((enum Move)(rand() % 4)); } int Game_isFinished(void){ int i,j; int k = 1; for ( i = 0; i < NROWS; i++ ) for ( j = 0; j < NCOLLUMNS; j++ ) if ( (k < NROWS*NCOLLUMNS) && (cells[i][j] != k++ ) ) return 0; return 1; } /* ***************************************************************************** * View */ int fieldWidth; #ifdef WIN32API_CONSOLE HANDLE hConsole; CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi; #endif void View_setup_base(void) { int i; fieldWidth = 0; for ( i = NROWS * NCOLLUMNS - 1; i > 0; i /= 10 ) fieldWidth++; } #if defined(TTY_CONSOLE) void View_setup(void) { View_setup_base(); } void View_showBoard() { int i,j; putchar('\n'); for ( i = 0; i < NROWS; i++ ) for ( j = 0; j < NCOLLUMNS; j++ ){ if ( cells[i][j] ) printf(j != NCOLLUMNS-1 ? " %*d " : " %*d \n", fieldWidth, cells[i][j]); else printf(j != NCOLLUMNS-1 ? " %*s " : " %*s \n", fieldWidth, ""); } putchar('\n'); } void View_displayMessage(char* text) { printf("\n%s\n", text); } #elif defined(NCURSES_CONSOLE) void View_setup(void) { View_setup_base(); initscr(); clear(); } void View_showBoard() { int i,j; for ( i = 0; i < NROWS; i++ ) for ( j = 0; j < NCOLLUMNS; j++ ){ int x = (fieldWidth+1)*j; int y = 2*i; if ( cells[i][j] ){ attron(A_REVERSE); mvprintw(y,x,"%*d", fieldWidth, cells[i][j]); }else{ attroff(A_REVERSE); mvprintw(y,x,"%*s", fieldWidth, " "); } } attrset(A_NORMAL); } void View_displayMessage(char* text) { mvprintw(2*NROWS,0, "%s", text); } #elif defined(WIN32API_CONSOLE) void View_setup(void) { const COORD coordHome = { 0, 0 }; CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cci; DWORD size, nWritten; View_setup_base(); hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE); cci.bVisible = FALSE; cci.dwSize = 1; SetConsoleCursorInfo(hConsole,&cci); GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(hConsole,&(csbi)); size = csbi.dwSize.X*csbi.dwSize.Y; FillConsoleOutputCharacter(hConsole,' ',size,coordHome,&nWritten); FillConsoleOutputAttribute(hConsole,csbi.wAttributes,size,coordHome,&nWritten); } void View_showBoard() { int i,j; char labelString[32]; WORD attributes; DWORD nWritten; for ( i = 0; i < NROWS; i++ ) for ( j = 0; j < NCOLLUMNS; j++ ){ COORD coord = { ((SHORT)fieldWidth+1)*j, coord.Y = 2*i }; if ( cells[i][j] ){ sprintf(labelString,"%*d", fieldWidth, cells[i][j]); attributes = BACKGROUND_BLUE | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_RED; }else{ sprintf(labelString,"%*s", fieldWidth, " "); attributes = csbi.wAttributes; } WriteConsoleOutputCharacter(hConsole,labelString,fieldWidth,coord,&nWritten); FillConsoleOutputAttribute (hConsole,attributes,fieldWidth,coord,&nWritten); } } void View_displayMessage(char* text) { DWORD nWritten; COORD coord = { 0, 2 * NROWS }; WriteConsoleOutputCharacter(hConsole,text,strlen(text),coord,&nWritten); } #endif /* ***************************************************************************** * Controller */ #if defined(TTY_CONSOLE) void Controller_setup(void){ } enum Move Controller_getMove(void){ int c; for(;;){ printf("%s", "enter u/d/l/r : "); c = getchar(); while( getchar() != '\n' ) ; switch ( c ){ case 27: exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); case 'd' : return MOVE_UP; case 'u' : return MOVE_DOWN; case 'r' : return MOVE_LEFT; case 'l' : return MOVE_RIGHT; } } } void Controller_pause(void) { getchar(); } #elif defined(NCURSES_CONSOLE) void Controller_setup(void){ noecho(); cbreak(); curs_set(0); keypad(stdscr,TRUE); } enum Move Controller_getMove(void){ for(;;){ switch ( wgetch(stdscr) ){ case 27: exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); case KEY_DOWN : return MOVE_UP; case KEY_UP : return MOVE_DOWN; case KEY_RIGHT : return MOVE_LEFT; case KEY_LEFT : return MOVE_RIGHT; case ERR: /* NOP */; } } } void Controller_pause(void){ while ( wgetch(stdscr) == ERR ) ; } #elif defined(WIN32API_CONSOLE) void Controller_setup(void){ } enum Move Controller_getMove(void){ for(;;){ switch ( getch() ){ case 27: exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); case 0: case 224: switch ( getch() ){ case 80 : return MOVE_UP; case 72 : return MOVE_DOWN; case 77 : return MOVE_LEFT; case 75 : return MOVE_RIGHT; } } } } void Controller_pause(void){ while( kbhit() ) getch(); while( !kbhit() ) ; while( kbhit() ) getch(); } #endif /* ***************************************************************************** * Main function: create model, view and controller. Run main loop. */ int main(void) { srand((unsigned)time(NULL)); do Game_setup(); while ( Game_isFinished() ); View_setup(); Controller_setup(); View_showBoard(); while( !Game_isFinished() ){ Game_update( Controller_getMove() ); View_showBoard(); } View_displayMessage("You win"); Controller_pause(); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }
C#
{{libheader|System.Windows.Forms}} {{libheader|System.Drawing}} {{works with|C sharp|6}}
using System; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Windows.Forms; public class FifteenPuzzle { const int gridSize = 4; //Standard 15 puzzle is 4x4 const bool evenSized = gridSize % 2 == 0; const int blockCount = gridSize * gridSize; const int last = blockCount - 1; const int buttonSize = 50; const int buttonMargin = 3; //default = 3 const int formEdge = 9; static readonly Random rnd = new Random(); static readonly Font buttonFont = new Font("Arial", 15.75F, FontStyle.Regular, GraphicsUnit.Point, ((byte)(0))); readonly Button[] buttons = new Button[blockCount]; readonly int[] grid = new int[blockCount]; readonly int[] positionOf = new int[blockCount]; int moves = 0; DateTime start; public static void Main(string[] args) { FifteenPuzzle p = new FifteenPuzzle(); Form f = p.BuildForm(); Application.Run(f); } public FifteenPuzzle() { for (int i = 0; i < blockCount; i++) { grid[i] = i; positionOf[i] = i; } } Form BuildForm() { Button startButton = new Button { Font = new Font("Arial", 9.75F, FontStyle.Regular, GraphicsUnit.Point, ((byte)(0))), Size = new Size(86, 23), Location = new Point(formEdge, (buttonSize + buttonMargin * 2) * gridSize + buttonMargin + formEdge), Text = "New Game", UseVisualStyleBackColor = true }; startButton.Click += (sender, e) => Shuffle(); int size = buttonSize * gridSize + buttonMargin * gridSize * 2 + formEdge * 2; Form form = new Form { Text = "Fifteen", ClientSize = new Size(width: size, height: size + buttonMargin * 2 + startButton.Height) }; form.SuspendLayout(); for (int index = 0; index < blockCount; index++) { Button button = new Button { Font = buttonFont, Size = new Size(buttonSize, buttonSize), //Margin = new Padding(buttonMargin), Text = (index + 1).ToString(), UseVisualStyleBackColor = true }; SetLocation(button, index); form.Controls.Add(button); buttons[index] = button; int i = index; button.Click += (sender, e) => ButtonClick(i); } form.Controls.Add(startButton); form.ResumeLayout(); return form; } void ButtonClick(int i) { if (buttons[last].Visible) return; int target = positionOf[i]; if (positionOf[i] / gridSize == positionOf[last] / gridSize) { while (positionOf[last] < target) { Swap(last, grid[positionOf[last] + 1]); moves++; } while (positionOf[last] > target) { Swap(last, grid[positionOf[last] - 1]); moves++; } } else if (positionOf[i] % gridSize == positionOf[last] % gridSize) { while (positionOf[last] < target) { Swap(last, grid[positionOf[last] + gridSize]); moves++; } while (positionOf[last] > target) { Swap(last, grid[positionOf[last] - gridSize]); moves++; } } if (Solved()) { TimeSpan elapsed = DateTime.Now - start; elapsed = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(Math.Round(elapsed.TotalSeconds, 0)); buttons[last].Visible = true; MessageBox.Show($"Solved in {moves} moves. Time: {elapsed}"); } } bool Solved() => Enumerable.Range(0, blockCount - 1).All(i => positionOf[i] == i); static void SetLocation(Button button, int index) { int row = index / gridSize, column = index % gridSize; button.Location = new Point( (buttonSize + buttonMargin * 2) * column + buttonMargin + formEdge, (buttonSize + buttonMargin * 2) * row + buttonMargin + formEdge); } void Shuffle() { for (int i = 0; i < blockCount; i++) { int r = rnd.Next(i, blockCount); int g = grid[r]; grid[r] = grid[i]; grid[i] = g; } for (int i = 0; i < blockCount; i++) { positionOf[grid[i]] = i; SetLocation(buttons[grid[i]], i); } if (!Solvable()) Swap(0, 1); //Swap any 2 blocks buttons[last].Visible = false; moves = 0; start = DateTime.Now; } bool Solvable() { bool parity = true; for (int i = 0; i < blockCount - 2; i++) { for (int j = i + 1; j < blockCount - 1; j++) { if (positionOf[j] < positionOf[i]) parity = !parity; } } if (evenSized && positionOf[last] / gridSize % 2 == 0) parity = !parity; return parity; } void Swap(int a, int b) { Point location = buttons[a].Location; buttons[a].Location = buttons[b].Location; buttons[b].Location = location; int p = positionOf[a]; positionOf[a] = positionOf[b]; positionOf[b] = p; grid[positionOf[a]] = a; grid[positionOf[b]] = b; } }
C++
#include <time.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <vector> #include <string> #include <iostream> class p15 { public : void play() { bool p = true; std::string a; while( p ) { createBrd(); while( !isDone() ) { drawBrd();getMove(); } drawBrd(); std::cout << "\n\nCongratulations!\nPlay again (Y/N)?"; std::cin >> a; if( a != "Y" && a != "y" ) break; } } private: void createBrd() { int i = 1; std::vector<int> v; for( ; i < 16; i++ ) { brd[i - 1] = i; } brd[15] = 0; x = y = 3; for( i = 0; i < 1000; i++ ) { getCandidates( v ); move( v[rand() % v.size()] ); v.clear(); } } void move( int d ) { int t = x + y * 4; switch( d ) { case 1: y--; break; case 2: x++; break; case 4: y++; break; case 8: x--; } brd[t] = brd[x + y * 4]; brd[x + y * 4] = 0; } void getCandidates( std::vector<int>& v ) { if( x < 3 ) v.push_back( 2 ); if( x > 0 ) v.push_back( 8 ); if( y < 3 ) v.push_back( 4 ); if( y > 0 ) v.push_back( 1 ); } void drawBrd() { int r; std::cout << "\n\n"; for( int y = 0; y < 4; y++ ) { std::cout << "+----+----+----+----+\n"; for( int x = 0; x < 4; x++ ) { r = brd[x + y * 4]; std::cout << "| "; if( r < 10 ) std::cout << " "; if( !r ) std::cout << " "; else std::cout << r << " "; } std::cout << "|\n"; } std::cout << "+----+----+----+----+\n"; } void getMove() { std::vector<int> v; getCandidates( v ); std::vector<int> p; getTiles( p, v ); unsigned int i; while( true ) { std::cout << "\nPossible moves: "; for( i = 0; i < p.size(); i++ ) std::cout << p[i] << " "; int z; std::cin >> z; for( i = 0; i < p.size(); i++ ) if( z == p[i] ) { move( v[i] ); return; } } } void getTiles( std::vector<int>& p, std::vector<int>& v ) { for( unsigned int t = 0; t < v.size(); t++ ) { int xx = x, yy = y; switch( v[t] ) { case 1: yy--; break; case 2: xx++; break; case 4: yy++; break; case 8: xx--; } p.push_back( brd[xx + yy * 4] ); } } bool isDone() { for( int i = 0; i < 15; i++ ) { if( brd[i] != i + 1 ) return false; } return true; } int brd[16], x, y; }; int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) { srand( ( unsigned )time( 0 ) ); p15 p; p.play(); return 0; }
+----+----+----+----+
| 11 | 5 | 12 | 3 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 10 | 7 | 6 | 4 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 13 | | 2 | 1 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 15 | 14 | 8 | 9 |
+----+----+----+----+
Possible moves: 2 13 14 7
COBOL
Tested with GnuCOBOL
SOURCE FORMAT FREE
*> This code is dedicated to the public domain
*> This is GNUCOBOL 2.0
identification division.
program-id. fifteen.
environment division.
configuration section.
repository. function all intrinsic.
data division.
working-storage section.
01 r pic 9.
01 r-empty pic 9.
01 r-to pic 9.
01 r-from pic 9.
01 c pic 9.
01 c-empty pic 9.
01 c-to pic 9.
01 c-from pic 9.
01 display-table.
03 display-row occurs 4.
05 display-cell occurs 4 pic 99.
01 tile-number pic 99.
01 tile-flags pic x(16).
01 display-move value spaces.
03 tile-id pic 99.
01 row-separator pic x(21) value all '.'.
01 column-separator pic x(3) value ' . '.
01 inversions pic 99.
01 current-tile pic 99.
01 winning-display pic x(32) value
'01020304'
& '05060708'
& '09101112'
& '13141500'.
procedure division.
start-fifteen.
display 'start fifteen puzzle'
display ' enter a two-digit tile number and press <enter> to move'
display ' press <enter> only to exit'
*> tables with an odd number of inversions are not solvable
perform initialize-table with test after until inversions = 0
perform show-table
accept display-move
perform until display-move = spaces
perform move-tile
perform show-table
move spaces to display-move
accept display-move
end-perform
stop run
.
initialize-table.
compute tile-number = random(seconds-past-midnight) *> seed only
move spaces to tile-flags
move 0 to current-tile inversions
perform varying r from 1 by 1 until r > 4
after c from 1 by 1 until c > 4
perform with test after
until tile-flags(tile-number + 1:1) = space
compute tile-number = random() * 100
compute tile-number = mod(tile-number, 16)
end-perform
move 'x' to tile-flags(tile-number + 1:1)
if tile-number > 0 and < current-tile
add 1 to inversions
end-if
move tile-number to display-cell(r,c) current-tile
end-perform
compute inversions = mod(inversions,2)
.
show-table.
if display-table = winning-display
display 'winning'
end-if
display space row-separator
perform varying r from 1 by 1 until r > 4
perform varying c from 1 by 1 until c > 4
display column-separator with no advancing
if display-cell(r,c) = 00
display ' ' with no advancing
move r to r-empty
move c to c-empty
else
display display-cell(r,c) with no advancing
end-if
end-perform
display column-separator
end-perform
display space row-separator
.
move-tile.
if not (tile-id numeric and tile-id >= 01 and <= 15)
display 'invalid tile number'
exit paragraph
end-if
*> find the entered tile-id row and column (r,c)
perform varying r from 1 by 1 until r > 4
after c from 1 by 1 until c > 4
if display-cell(r,c) = tile-id
exit perform
end-if
end-perform
*> show-table filled (r-empty,c-empty)
evaluate true
when r = r-empty
if c-empty < c
*> shift left
perform varying c-to from c-empty by 1 until c-to > c
compute c-from = c-to + 1
move display-cell(r-empty,c-from) to display-cell(r-empty,c-to)
end-perform
else
*> shift right
perform varying c-to from c-empty by -1 until c-to < c
compute c-from = c-to - 1
move display-cell(r-empty,c-from) to display-cell(r-empty,c-to)
end-perform
end-if
move 00 to display-cell(r,c)
when c = c-empty
if r-empty < r
*>shift up
perform varying r-to from r-empty by 1 until r-to > r
compute r-from = r-to + 1
move display-cell(r-from,c-empty) to display-cell(r-to,c-empty)
end-perform
else
*> shift down
perform varying r-to from r-empty by -1 until r-to < r
compute r-from = r-to - 1
move display-cell(r-from,c-empty) to display-cell(r-to,c-empty)
end-perform
end-if
move 00 to display-cell(r,c)
when other
display 'invalid move'
end-evaluate
.
end program fifteen.
{{out}}
prompt$ cobc -xj fifteen.cbl
start fifteen puzzle
enter a two-digit tile number and press <enter> to move
press <enter> only to exit
.....................
. 05 . 14 . 08 . 12 .
. 01 . 10 . 03 . 09 .
. 02 . 15 . 13 . 11 .
. 06 . . 07 . 04 .
.....................
Common Lisp
Credit to this post for help with the inversions-counting function: [http://www.lispforum.com/viewtopic.php?f=2&t=3422]
Run it (after loading the file) with
|15|::main
.
(defpackage :15 (:use :common-lisp)) (in-package :15) (defvar +side+ 4) (defvar +max+ (1- (* +side+ +side+))) ; 15 (defun make-board () (make-array (list +side+ +side+) :initial-contents (loop :for i :below +side+ :collecting (loop :for j :below +side+ :collecting (mod (1+ (+ j (* i +side+))) (1+ +max+)))))) (defvar *board* (make-board)) (defun shuffle-board (board) (loop for i from (array-total-size board) downto 2 do (rotatef (row-major-aref board (random i)) (row-major-aref board (1- i)))) board) (defun pb (stream object &rest args) (declare (ignorable args)) (loop for i below (car (array-dimensions object)) do (loop for j below (cadr (array-dimensions object)) do (let ((cell (aref object i j))) (format stream "(~[ ~:;~:*~2d~])" cell))) (format stream "~%"))) (defun sortedp (board) (declare (ignorable board)) (loop for i upto +max+ when (eq (row-major-aref board i) (mod (1+ i) 16)) do (return-from sortedp nil)) t) (defun inversions (lst) (if (or (null lst) (null (cdr lst))) 0 (let* ((half (ceiling (/ (length lst) 2))) (left-list (subseq lst 0 half)) (right-list (subseq lst half))) (+ (loop for a in left-list summing (loop for b in right-list counting (not (< a b)))) (inversions left-list) (inversions right-list))))) (defun solvablep (board) (let ((inv (inversions (loop for i upto +max+ collecting (row-major-aref board i)))) (row (- +side+ (first (board-position board 0))))) (or (and (oddp +side+) (evenp inv)) (and (evenp +side+) (evenp row) (oddp inv)) (and (evenp +side+) (oddp row) (evenp inv))))) (defun board-position (board dig) (loop for i below (car (array-dimensions board)) do (loop for j below (cadr (array-dimensions board)) when (eq dig (aref board i j)) do (return-from board-position (list i j))))) (defun in-bounds (y x) (and (< -1 y +side+) (< -1 x +side+))) (defun get-adjacents (board pos) (let ((adjacents ()) (y (first pos)) (x (second pos))) (if (in-bounds y (1+ x)) (push (aref board y (1+ x)) adjacents)) (if (in-bounds (1+ y) x) (push (aref board (1+ y) x) adjacents)) (if (in-bounds y (1- x)) (push (aref board y (1- x)) adjacents)) (if (in-bounds (1- y) x) (push (aref board (1- y) x) adjacents)) adjacents)) (defun main (&rest argv) (declare (ignorable argv)) (setf *random-state* (make-random-state t)) (loop until (solvablep *board*) do (shuffle-board *board*)) (loop until (sortedp *board*) do (format t "~/15:pb/~%" *board*) (format t "Which number do you want to swap the blank with?~%> ") (let* ((in (read)) (zpos (board-position *board* 0)) (pos (board-position *board* in)) (adj (get-adjacents *board* zpos))) (if (find in adj) (rotatef (aref *board* (first pos) (second pos)) (aref *board* (first zpos) (second zpos)))))) (format t "You win!~%"))
EasyLang
[https://easylang.online/apps/15-puzzle.html Run it]
shuffle
for i = 14 downto 1 r = random (i + 1) swap f[r] f[i] .
make it solvable
inv = 0 for i range 15 for j range i if f[j] > f[i] inv += 1 . . . if inv mod 2 <> 0 swap f[0] f[1] . textsize 12 call draw . func move_tile . . c = floor (mouse_x / 25) r = floor (mouse_y / 25) i = r * 4 + c if c > 0 and f[i - 1] = 16 swap f[i] f[i - 1] elif r > 0 and f[i - 4] = 16 swap f[i] f[i - 4] elif r < 3 and f[i + 4] = 16 swap f[i] f[i + 4] elif c < 3 and f[i + 1] = 16 swap f[i] f[i + 1] . call draw done = 1 for i range 15 if f[i] > f[i + 1] done = 0 . . if done = 1 color 432 move 0 0 rect 100 50 textsize 10 color 885 move 5 10 text "Well done!" move 5 25 text "Time: " & floor (time - time0# + 0.5) . . on mouse_down if done = 1 call init else call move_tile . . call init
## Forth
{{trans|C}}
{{works with|gforth|0.7.3}}
Modified to use ANSI escape sequences and Vim's h/j/k/l for input. Caps lock isn't interfering in this version. Also added <tt>q</tt> for quit.
```forth
\ in Forth, you do many things on your own. This word is used to define 2D arrays
: 2D-ARRAY ( height width )
CREATE DUP ,
* CELLS ALLOT
DOES> ( y x baseaddress )
ROT ( x baseaddress y )
OVER @ ( x baseaddress y width )
* ( x baseaddress y*width )
ROT ( baseaddress y*width x )
+ 1+ CELLS +
;
require random.fs
HERE SEED !
0 CONSTANT MOVE-UP
1 CONSTANT MOVE-DOWN
2 CONSTANT MOVE-LEFT
3 CONSTANT MOVE-RIGHT
4 CONSTANT NROWS
4 CONSTANT NCOLS
NROWS NCOLS * CONSTANT BOARDSIZE
NROWS 1- CONSTANT Y-MAX
NCOLS 1- CONSTANT X-MAX
1000 CONSTANT NSHUFFLES
CREATE HOLE-X CELL ALLOT
CREATE HOLE-Y CELL ALLOT
NROWS NCOLS 2D-ARRAY BOARD
: DIE-MOVECONST ." Unknown move constant:" . BYE ;
: ESC #ESC EMIT ;
: CLS
ESC ." [2J"
ESC ." [H"
;
: NEW-HOLE-POS ( move -- new-y new-x )
CASE
MOVE-UP OF HOLE-Y @ 1- HOLE-X @ ENDOF
MOVE-DOWN OF HOLE-Y @ 1+ HOLE-X @ ENDOF
MOVE-LEFT OF HOLE-Y @ HOLE-X @ 1- ENDOF
MOVE-RIGHT OF HOLE-Y @ HOLE-X @ 1+ ENDOF
DIE-MOVECONST
ENDCASE
;
: MOVE-VALID? ( move -- valid? )
CASE
MOVE-UP OF HOLE-Y @ 0> ENDOF
MOVE-DOWN OF HOLE-Y @ Y-MAX < ENDOF
MOVE-LEFT OF HOLE-X @ 0> ENDOF
MOVE-RIGHT OF HOLE-X @ X-MAX < ENDOF
DIE-MOVECONST
ENDCASE
;
: GAME-UPDATE ( move -- success? )
DUP MOVE-VALID? INVERT IF DROP FALSE EXIT THEN
NEW-HOLE-POS ( new-y new-x )
2DUP BOARD @ HOLE-Y @ HOLE-X @ BOARD !
2DUP BOARD 0 SWAP !
HOLE-X ! HOLE-Y ! TRUE
;
: INIT-DESIRED-NUM ( y x -- num )
SWAP NROWS * + 1+ DUP BOARDSIZE = IF DROP 0 THEN
;
: RESET-BOARD ( -- )
NROWS 0 ?DO
NCOLS 0 ?DO
J I INIT-DESIRED-NUM J I BOARD !
LOOP
LOOP
;
: GAME-SETUP ( -- )
RESET-BOARD
Y-MAX HOLE-Y !
X-MAX HOLE-X !
NSHUFFLES 0 ?DO
BEGIN
4 RANDOM GAME-UPDATE
UNTIL
LOOP
;
: GAME-FINISHED? ( -- finished? )
0
NROWS 0 ?DO
NCOLS 0 ?DO
J I INIT-DESIRED-NUM J I BOARD @ = IF
1+
THEN
LOOP
LOOP
BOARDSIZE =
;
: SHOW-BOARD ( -- )
CLS CR
NROWS 0 ?DO
NCOLS 0 ?DO
J I BOARD @ DUP 0<> IF
SPACE 2 U.R SPACE
ELSE
DROP 4 SPACES
THEN
LOOP
CR
LOOP
CR
;
: GET-MOVE ( -- move )
BEGIN
KEY CASE
#EOF OF BYE ENDOF
#ESC OF BYE ENDOF
[CHAR] q OF BYE ENDOF
[CHAR] Q OF BYE ENDOF
[CHAR] k OF MOVE-UP TRUE ENDOF
[CHAR] K OF MOVE-UP TRUE ENDOF
[CHAR] j OF MOVE-DOWN TRUE ENDOF
[CHAR] J OF MOVE-DOWN TRUE ENDOF
[CHAR] h OF MOVE-LEFT TRUE ENDOF
[CHAR] H OF MOVE-LEFT TRUE ENDOF
[CHAR] l OF MOVE-RIGHT TRUE ENDOF
[CHAR] L OF MOVE-RIGHT TRUE ENDOF
FALSE SWAP
ENDCASE
UNTIL
;
: PLAY ( -- )
GAME-SETUP
SHOW-BOARD
BEGIN GAME-FINISHED? INVERT WHILE
GET-MOVE GAME-UPDATE SHOW-BOARD
REPEAT
." You win!" CR
;
PLAY BYE
Fortran
The initial version had me so enamoured by the notion of consecutive cells for the solution having the number of their index as their value (as in CELL(0) = 0 (the blank square), CELL(1) = 1, ... CELL(15) = 15) and the prospect of the check for this being simple, that I failed to perceive that the nice big diagram of the board shown at the head of the article in fact clearly shows the solution state having the blank cell at the ''end'', not the start. Once again it is demonstrated that what you see is ... influenced ... by what you would like to see. After that diversion, the cells shall now be numbered one to sixteen, not zero to fifteen, and so there is no need for the ability introduced by F90 whereby arrays can have a lower bound other than one.
The plan is to use parameters for the board size, which need not be square. As often with Fortran, messing with arrays is the key, though not without opportunities for confusion. Because Fortran stores arrays in column-major order, the arrays are accessed as BOARD(column,row) even though the arrangement is treated as rows down the page and columns across as is usual. By this means, consecutive elements in storage of array BOARD(c,r) are such that the same storage accessed via array BORED(i) thanks to EQUIVALENCE(BOARD,BORED) indexes them as consecutive elements, and so the test that the values are in consecutive order becomes delightfully simple, though alas there is no equivalent of the ''iota'' function of APL whereby the test could be ALL(BORED(1:N - 1) .EQ. IOTA(N - 1))
Column-major ordering also applies to array WAY, which lists the offsets needed to locate squares deemed adjacent to a given location, such as that of the blank square, located by LOCI = LOCZ + WAY(i). Adjacent LOCI are checked for being in range, and if so, added to the list in array LOCM with the moveable piece identified in array MOVE.
It transpires that the F90 compiler will not allow a PARAMETER statement to define values for items appearing in an EQUIVALENCE statement; so much for an attempt to do so in a systematic manner employing related names.
The game plan is to start with an ordered array so that each cell definitely has a unique code, then jumble them via "random" swaps. Possible arrangements turn out to have either odd or even parity based on the number of out-of-sequence squares, and as the allowed transformations do not change the parity and the solution state has even parity, odd parity starting states should not be presented except by those following Franz Kafka. The calculation is simplified by always having the blank square in the last position, thus in the last row. Once an even-parity starting state is floundered upon, the blank square is re-positioned using allowable moves so that the parity is not altered thereby. Then the game begins: single-square moves only are considered, though in practice groups of squares could be moved horizontally or vertically rather than one-step-at-a-time - a possible extension.
The source style uses F90 for its array arithmetic abilities, especially the functions ALL, ANY and COUNT. A statement
LOCZ = MINLOC(BOARD) !Find the zero. 0 = BOARD(LOCZ(1),LOCZ(2)) == BOARD(ZC,ZR)
could be used but is unnecessary thanks to tricks with EQUIVALENCE. For earlier Fortran, various explicit DO-loops would have to be used. This would at least make clear whether or not the equivalents of ANY and ALL terminated on the first failure or doggedly scanned the entire array no matter what.
SUBROUTINE SWAP(I,J) !Alas, furrytran does not provide this.
INTEGER I,J,T !So, we're stuck with supplying the obvious.
T = I !And, only for one type at a go.
I = J !One could define a MODULE containing a collection
J = T !And thence a "generic" routine,
END SUBROUTINE SWAP !But this will do for now.
SUBROUTINE SHOW(NR,NC,BOARD) !The layout won't work for NC > 99...
INTEGER NR,NC !Number of rows and columns.
INTEGER BOARD(NC,NR) !The board is stored transposed!
INTEGER I !A stepper.
COMMON/IODEV/ MSG !I talk to the trees...
WRITE (MSG,1) (I,I = 1,NC) !Prepare a heading.
1 FORMAT ("Row|",9("__",I1,:),90("_",I2,:)) !This should suffice.
DO I = 1,NR !Chug down the rows.
WRITE (MSG,2) I,BOARD(1:NC,I) !The columns of the row. Usage is BOARD(column,row).
2 FORMAT (I3,"|",99I3) !Could use parameters, but enough.
END DO !On to the next row.
END SUBROUTINE SHOW !That was nice.
PROGRAM PUZZLE
INTEGER LOCN(2),NR,NC,N !Describes the shape of the board.
INTEGER LOCZ(2),ZC,ZR !Fingers the location of the "blank" square.
INTEGER LOCI(2),IC,IR !Fingers a location.
Can't EQUIVALENCE (LOCN(1),NC),(LOCN(2),NR) !This usage and a PARAMETER statement is too scary.
EQUIVALENCE (LOCZ(1),ZC),(LOCZ(2),ZR) !Annotate my (column,row) usage.
EQUIVALENCE (LOCI(1),IC),(LOCI(2),IR) !Rather than the displayed (row,column) style.
PARAMETER (NR = 4, NC = 4, N = NR*NC) !Determine the shape of the board.
INTEGER BOARD(NC,NR) !Thus transpose furrytran's column-major usage. Beware!!!
INTEGER BORED(N) !This allows for consecutive comparisons.
EQUIVALENCE (BOARD,BORED) !Because the arrays are in the same place.
INTEGER WAYS !Now define adjacency.
PARAMETER (WAYS = 4) !Just orthogonal neghbours.
INTEGER WAY(2,WAYS) !Now list the allowed adjacencies.
PARAMETER (WAY = (/1,0, 0,1, -1,0, 0,-1/)) !W(1,1), W(2,1), W(1,2), W(2,2), W(1,3), ...
INTEGER M,MOVE(WAYS),LOCM(2,WAYS) !Move possibilities.
INTEGER SPACE !Document the empty square's code number.
PARAMETER (SPACE = 0) !Zero will do.
INTEGER I,IT,PARITY,TRY !Odds and ends.
REAL VALUE !Humph. Yet another interface to a "random" number generator.
COMMON/IODEV/ MSG,KBD !Pass the word.
KBD = 5 !Standard input. (Keyboard -> Display screen)
MSG = 6 !Standard output. (Display screen)
WRITE (MSG,1) NR,NC !Announce.
1 FORMAT ("To play 'slide-square' with ",I0," rows and ",
1 I0," columns.",/,"The game is to slide a square into the space",/
2 "(thus leaving a space behind) until you attain"/
3 "the nice orderly layout as follows:",/)
Concoct a board layout.
10 FOR ALL (I = 1:N - 1) BORED(I) = I !Prepare the board. Definitely unique values.
BORED(N) = SPACE !The empty square is not at the start! Oh well.
CALL SHOW(NR,NC,BOARD) !Reveal the nice layout.
11 DO I = 1,N - 1 !Now shuffle the squares a bit.
CALL RANDOM(VALUE) !0 <= VALUE < 1.
IT = VALUE*(N - 1) + 1 !1 <= IT < N. Don't round up!
IF (I.NE.IT) CALL SWAP(BORED(I),BORED(IT)) !Whee!
END DO !On to the next victim, leaving the last cell alone.
Calculate the parity, knowing the space is at the end. The target state has even parity, with zero inversions.
PARITY = 0 !There are two classes of arrangements, that can't mix.
DO I = 1,N - 2 !Skipping the blank cell still at BORED(N).
PARITY = PARITY + COUNT(BORED(I) > BORED(I + 1:N - 1)) !For each square,
END DO !Count the inversions following.
IF (MOD(PARITY,2).NE.0) GO TO 11 !No transition can change the parity, so, try for another arrangement.
Choose a new position for the space. Using approved moves will not change the parity.
CALL RANDOM(VALUE) !0 <= VALUE < 1.
ZC = VALUE*(NC - 2) + 1 !1 <= ZC < NC: Choose a random column other than the last.
BOARD(ZC + 1:NC,NR) = BOARD(ZC:NC - 1,NR) !Shift the end of the last row back one place.
BOARD(ZC,NR) = SPACE !Put the space in the hole.
CALL RANDOM(VALUE) !So the parity doesn't change.
ZR = VALUE*(NR - 2) + 1 !1 <= ZR < NR: Choose a random row, other than the last.
BOARD(ZC,ZR + 1:NR) = BOARD(ZC,ZR:NR - 1) !Shift the end of column ZC up one.
BOARD(ZC,ZR) = SPACE !Revive the space again.
Cast forth the starting position.
WRITE (MSG,12) !Announce the result.
12 FORMAT (/,"But, your board looks like this...") !Alas. Almost certainly not in order.
CALL SHOW(NR,NC,BOARD) !Just so.
TRY = 0 !No moves made yet.
Consider possible moves.
20 TRY = TRY + 1 !Here we go again.
M = 0 !No moveable pieces are known.
DO I = 1,WAYS !So scan the possible ways away from LOCZ.
LOCI = LOCZ + WAY(1:2,I) !Finger an adjacent location, via the adjacency offsets in array WAY.
IF (ALL(LOCI > 0) .AND. ALL(LOCI <= (/NC,NR/))) THEN !Within bounds?
M = M + 1 !Yes. We have a candidate.
MOVE(M) = BOARD(IC,IR) !Record the piece's name.
LOCM(:,M) = LOCI !And, remember where it is...
END IF !So much for that location.
END DO !Try another offset.
21 WRITE (MSG,22,ADVANCE="no") MOVE(1:M) !Two-stage output.
22 FORMAT ("Moveable pieces: ",<WAYS>(I0:",")) !Since M is not necessarily WAYS, a trailing $ may not be reached..
WRITE (MSG,23) !Now for the question. Always at least two moveable squares.
23 FORMAT(". Choose one: ",$) !Continue the line, presuming screen and keyboard->screen.
READ (KBD,*) IT !Now request the answer. Rather doggedly: blank lines won't do.
DO I = M,1,-1 !There are at least two possible moves.
IF (MOVE(I) .EQ. IT) EXIT !Perhaps this piece was selected.
END DO !The INDEX function is alas, only for CHARACTER variables. Grr.
IF (I .LE. 0) THEN !I'm suspicious.
WRITE (MSG,*) "Huh? That is not a moveable piece!" !Justified!
IF (IT.GT.0) GO TO 21 !Try again.
STOP "Oh well." !Or quit, on negative vibrations.
END IF !So much for selecting a piece.
Complete the selected move.
30 BOARD(ZC,ZR) = IT !Place the named piece where the space was.
LOCZ = LOCM(:,I) !The space is now where that piece came from.
BOARD(ZC,ZR) = SPACE !And now holds a space.
c write (6,*)
c 1 "disorder=",COUNT(BORED(1:N - 2) + 1 .NE. BORED(2:N - 1))
IF (TRY.LE.6) WRITE (MSG,31) !Set off with a nice heading.
31 FORMAT (/"The new layout...") !Just for clarity.
CALL SHOW(NR,NC,BOARD) !Perhaps it will be good.
Check for success.
IF (BORED(N).NE.SPACE) GO TO 20 !Is the space at the end?
IF (ANY(BORED(1:N - 2) + 1 .NE. BORED(2:N - 1))) GO TO 20 !Are we there yet?
WRITE (MSG,*) TRY,"Steps to success!" !Yes!
END !That was fun.
Output: Not so good. As ever, the character cell sizes are not square so a square game board comes out as a rectangle. Similarly, underlining is unavailable (no overprints!) so the layout is not pleasing. There are special "box-drawing" glyphs available, but they are not standardised and there is still no overprinting so that a flabby waste of space results. Further, there is no ability to re-write the display, even though one could easily regard the output to the screen as a random-access file: WRITE (MSG,REC = 6) STUFF would rewrite the sixth line of the display. Instead, output relentlessly rolls forwards, starting as follows:
To play 'slide-square' with 4 rows and 4 columns.
The game is to slide a square into the space
(thus leaving a space behind) until you attain
the nice orderly layout as follows:
Row|__1__2__3__4
1| 1 2 3 4
2| 5 6 7 8
3| 9 10 11 12
4| 13 14 15 0
But, your board looks like this...
Row|__1__2__3__4
1| 15 0 14 11
2| 8 13 5 3
3| 4 1 7 9
4| 10 6 2 12
Moveable pieces: 14,13,15. Choose one: 15
The new layout...
Row|__1__2__3__4
1| 0 15 14 11
2| 8 13 5 3
3| 4 1 7 9
4| 10 6 2 12
Moveable pieces: 15,8. Choose one:
The display here turns out to be less rectangular than that of the "console" screen's usual setting, which changes with the typeface and sizing anyway. Endless variation. As for playing the game, it is much easier to get a "feel" for the possibilities when manipulating the actual physical object. The digital world is less real.
Gambas
'Charlie Ogier (C) 15PuzzleGame 24/04/2017 V0.1.0 Licenced under MIT
'Inspiration came from: -
''http://rosettacode.org/wiki/15_Puzzle_Game
''Bugs or comments to [email protected]
'Written in Gambas 3.9.2 - Updated on the Gambas Farm 01/05/2017
'Updated so that the message and the Title show the same amount of moves 01/06/2017
'Form now expandable. Font height automated. Form size and position saved 06/06/2107
'Simulate playing the 15 - game(puzzle) Yes in GUI
'Generate a random start position Yes
'Prompt the user for which piece To move No
'Validate if the move is legal(possible) Yes
'Display the game(puzzle) as pieces are moved Yes in GUI
'Announce when the puzzle is solved Yes
'Possibly keep track of the number of moves Yes
byPos As New Byte[] 'Stores the position of the 'Tiles'
siMoves As Short 'Stores the amount of moves
hTimer As Timer 'Timer
dTimerStart As Date 'Stores the start time
dTimerDiff As Date 'Stores the time from the start to now
bTimerOn As Boolean 'To know if the Timer is running
Public Sub Form_Open() 'Form opens
Settings.read(Me, "Window") 'Get details of the last window position and size
With Me 'With the Form..
.Padding = 5 'Pad the edges
.Arrangement = Arrange.Row 'Arrange the Form
.Title = "15PuzzleGame v0.3.0" 'Set the Form Title
End With
BuildForm 'Go to the BuildForm routine
End
Public Sub BuildForm() 'To add items to the Form
Dim hButton As Button 'We need some Buttons
Dim byRand, byTest As Byte 'Various variables
Dim bOK As Boolean 'Used to stop duplicate numbers being added
Dim bSolvable As Boolean
Repeat 'Repeat until the puzzle is solvable
Do 'Start of a Do loop to create 0 to 15 in random order
byRand = Rand(0, 15) 'Get a random number between 0 and 15
If byRand = 0 Then byRand = 99 'Change 0 to 99 for the Blank space
bOK = True 'Set bOK to True
For Each byTest In byPos 'For each number stored in the array byPos
If byRand = byTest Then bOK = False 'Check to see if it already exists, if it does set bOK to False
Next
If bOK Then byPos.Add(byRand) 'If not a duplicate then add it to the array
If byPos.max = 15 Then Break 'Once the array has 16 numbers get out of here. 99 is used for the blank space
Loop
bSolvable = IsItSolvable() 'Go to the 'check if puzzle is solvable' routine
If Not bSolvable Then byPos.clear 'If it's not solvable then clear byPos
Until bSolvable = True 'Repeat until the puzzle is solvable
For byRand = 0 To 15 'Loop
If byPos[byRand] = 99 Then 'Check if value is 99 as this is where the blank space will go
AddPanel 'Go to the AddPanel routine to add the blank space
Continue 'Skip to the end of the loop
Endif
hButton = New Button(Me) As "AllButtons" 'Add a new button to the Form, all buttons grouped as 'AllButtons'
With hButton 'With the following properties
.Text = Str(byPos[byRand]) 'Add Button text
.Tag = Str(byPos[byRand]) 'Add a Tag
.Height = (Me.Height - 10) / 4 'Set the Button height
.Width = (Me.Width - 10) / 4 'Set the Button width
.Font.Bold = True 'Set the font to Bold
.Font.Size = 16 'Set Font size
End With
Next
AddTimer 'Go to the AddTimer routine
End
Public Sub AddPanel() 'Routine to add an invisible panel that is the blank area
Dim hPanel As Panel 'We need a Panel
HPanel = New Panel(Me) 'Add the Panel to the Form
With HPanel 'With the following Properties
.Tag = 99 'Set a Tag to 99
.Height = (Me.Height - 10) / 4 'Set the height
.Width = (Me.Width - 10) / 4 'Set the width
End With
End
Public Sub AddTimer() 'To add a Timer
hTimer = New Timer As "MyTimer" 'Add a Timer
hTimer.Delay = 1000 'Set the timer delay
End
Public Sub MyTimer_Timer() 'Timer
Me.Title = siMoves & " Moves " 'Set the Form Title to show the amount of moves taken
If dTimerStart Then 'If a start time has been set then
dTimerDiff = Time(Now) - dTimerStart 'Calculate the time difference between StartTime and Now
Me.Title &= " - " & Str(dTimerDiff) 'Add the time taken to the Form Title
End If
End
Public Sub AllButtons_Click() 'What to do when a Button is clicked
Dim byLast As Byte = Last.Tag 'Get the Tag of the Button clicked
Dim byTemp, byCount As Byte 'Various variables
Dim byCheck As Byte[] = [88, 88, 88, 88] 'Used for checking for the blank space
Dim byWChgeck As New Byte[16, 4]
Dim oObj As Object 'We need to enumerate Objects
For Each oObj In Me.Children 'For each Object (Buttons in this case) that are Children of the Form..
If oObj.Tag = byLast Then Break 'If the Tag of the Button matches then we know the position of the Button on the form so get out of here
Inc byCount 'Increase the value of byCount
Next
Select Case byCount 'Depending on the position of the Button
Case 0 'e.g 0 then we need to check positions 1 & 4 for the blank
byCheck[0] = 1
byCheck[1] = 4
Case 1
byCheck[0] = 0
byCheck[1] = 2
byCheck[2] = 5
Case 2
byCheck[0] = 1
byCheck[1] = 3
byCheck[2] = 6
Case 3
byCheck[0] = 2
byCheck[1] = 7
Case 4
byCheck[0] = 0
byCheck[1] = 5
byCheck[2] = 8
Case 5 'e.g 5 then we need to check positions 1, 4, 6 & 9 for the blank
byCheck[0] = 1
byCheck[1] = 4
byCheck[2] = 6
byCheck[3] = 9
Case 6
byCheck[0] = 2
byCheck[1] = 5
byCheck[2] = 7
byCheck[3] = 10
Case 7
byCheck[0] = 3
byCheck[1] = 6
byCheck[2] = 11
Case 8
byCheck[0] = 4
byCheck[1] = 9
byCheck[2] = 12
Case 9
byCheck[0] = 5
byCheck[1] = 8
byCheck[2] = 10
byCheck[3] = 13
Case 10
byCheck[0] = 6
byCheck[1] = 9
byCheck[2] = 11
byCheck[3] = 14
Case 11
byCheck[0] = 7
byCheck[1] = 10
byCheck[2] = 15
Case 12
byCheck[0] = 8
byCheck[1] = 13
Case 13
byCheck[0] = 9
byCheck[1] = 12
byCheck[2] = 14
Case 14
byCheck[0] = 10
byCheck[1] = 13
byCheck[2] = 15
Case 15
byCheck[0] = 11
byCheck[1] = 14
End Select
For Each byTemp In byCheck 'For each value in byCheck
If byTemp = 88 Then Break 'If byTemp = 88 then get out of here
If byPos[byTemp] = 99 Then 'If the position checked is 99 (the blank) then..
byPos[byTemp] = Last.Text 'Set the new position of the Tile in byPos
byPos[byCount] = 99 'Set the existing Tile position to = 99 (blank)
Inc siMoves 'Inc the amount of moves made
If Not bTimerOn Then 'If the Timer is now needed then
dTimerStart = Time(Now) 'Set the Start time to NOW
hTimer.start 'Start the Timer
bTimerOn = True 'Set bTimerOn to True
Endif
Break 'Get out of here
End If
Next
RebuildForm 'Go to the RebuilForm routine
CheckIfPuzzleCompleted 'Check to see if the puzzle has been solved
End
Public Sub CheckIfPuzzleCompleted() 'Is the puzzle is complete
Dim byTest As Byte[] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 99] 'byPos will equal this if it is completed
Dim siCount As Short 'Counter
Dim bCompleted As Boolean = True 'Completed?
Dim sMessage As String 'String to store the display message
For siCount = 0 To 15 'Loop through the byPos
If byPos[siCount] <> byTest[siCount] Then 'If the position does not match the completed position then..
bCompleted = False 'Set bCompleted to False
Break 'Get out of here
Endif
Next
If bCompleted Then 'If the puzzle is completed then
hTimer.Stop 'Stop the timer
Me.Title = siMoves & " Moves " 'Set the Form Title to show the amount of moves taken
sMessage = "Congratulations!!\n" 'Build sMessage
sMessage &= Str(siMoves) & " Moves\n" 'Build sMessage
sMessage &= "Time = " & Str(dTimerDiff) 'Build sMessage
Message(sMessage, "OK") 'Put up a congratulatory message
Me.Close 'Close the form
Endif
End
Public Sub RebuildForm() 'To clear the Form and rebuild with the Tiles in the new postion
Dim hButton As Button 'We need Buttons
Dim byCount, byTemp As Byte 'Various variables
Dim siFontH As Short
Me.Children.clear 'Clear the Form of all Objects
For Each byTemp In byPos 'For each 'Position'
If byTemp = 99 Then 'If the Position's value is 99 then it's the space
AddPanel 'Go to the AddPanel routine
Else 'If the Position's value is NOT 99 then
hButton = New Button(Me) As "AllButtons" 'Create a new Button
With hButton 'With the following properties
.Text = Str(byPos[byCount]) 'Text as stored in byPos
.Tag = Str(byPos[byCount]) 'Tag as stored in byPos
.Height = (Me.Height - 10) / 4 'Set the Button height
.Width = (Me.Width - 10) / 4 'Set the Button width
.Font.Bold = True 'Set the Font to Bold
End With
If Me.Width > Me.Height Then 'If Form Width is greater than Form Width then..
siFontH = Me.Height 'siFontH = Form Height
Else 'Else..
siFontH = Me.Width 'siFontH = Form Width
End If
hButton.Font.size = siFontH / 16 'Set Font height
Endif
Inc byCount 'Increase counter
Next
End
Public Sub Form_Resize() 'If the form is resized
RebuildForm 'Rebuild the Form
End
Public Sub IsItSolvable() As Boolean 'To check if the puzzle is solvable
Dim bSolvable, bBlankOnEven As Boolean 'Triggers
Dim siCount0, siCount1, siInversion As Short 'Counters
For siCount0 = 0 To byPos.Max 'Loop through the positions
If byPos[siCount0] = 99 Then 'The blank
If InStr("0,1,2,3,8,9,10,11,", Str(siCount0 & ",")) Then 'Is the blank on an even row (counting from the bottom) if so..
bBlankOnEven = True 'bBlankOnEven = True
End If
Continue 'Go to the end of the loop
End If
For siCount1 = siCount0 + 1 To byPos.Max 'Loop through the positions
If byPos[siCount0] > byPos[siCount1] Then Inc siInversion 'Counts the inversions
Next 'See https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~mdr/teaching/modules04/java2/TilesSolvability.html
Next
If bBlankOnEven And Odd(siInversion) Then bSolvable = True 'Blank is on an even row (counting from the bottom) then the number of inversions in a solvable situation is odd
If Not bBlankOnEven And Even(siInversion) Then bSolvable = True 'Blank is on an odd row (counting from the bottom) then the number of inversions in a solvable situation is even
Return bSolvable 'Return the value
End
Public Sub Form_Close()
Settings.Write(Me, "Window") 'Store the window position and size
End
[http://www.cogier.com/gambas/Copuzzle.png Click here for image of game in play]
Go
package main import ( "fmt" "math/rand" "strings" "time" ) func main() { rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) p := newPuzzle() p.play() } type board [16]cell type cell uint8 type move uint8 const ( up move = iota down right left ) func randMove() move { return move(rand.Intn(4)) } var solvedBoard = board{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 0} func (b *board) String() string { var buf strings.Builder for i, c := range b { if c == 0 { buf.WriteString(" .") } else { _, _ = fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%3d", c) } if i%4 == 3 { buf.WriteString("\n") } } return buf.String() } type puzzle struct { board board empty int // board[empty] == 0 moves int quit bool } func newPuzzle() *puzzle { p := &puzzle{ board: solvedBoard, empty: 15, } // Could make this configurable, 10==easy, 50==normal, 100==hard p.shuffle(50) return p } func (p *puzzle) shuffle(moves int) { // As with other Rosetta solutions, we use some number // of random moves to "shuffle" the board. for i := 0; i < moves || p.board == solvedBoard; { if p.doMove(randMove()) { i++ } } } func (p *puzzle) isValidMove(m move) (newIndex int, ok bool) { switch m { case up: return p.empty - 4, p.empty/4 > 0 case down: return p.empty + 4, p.empty/4 < 3 case right: return p.empty + 1, p.empty%4 < 3 case left: return p.empty - 1, p.empty%4 > 0 default: panic("not reached") } } func (p *puzzle) doMove(m move) bool { i := p.empty j, ok := p.isValidMove(m) if ok { p.board[i], p.board[j] = p.board[j], p.board[i] p.empty = j p.moves++ } return ok } func (p *puzzle) play() { fmt.Printf("Starting board:") for p.board != solvedBoard && !p.quit { fmt.Printf("\n%v\n", &p.board) p.playOneMove() } if p.board == solvedBoard { fmt.Printf("You solved the puzzle in %d moves.\n", p.moves) } } func (p *puzzle) playOneMove() { for { fmt.Printf("Enter move #%d (U, D, L, R, or Q): ", p.moves+1) var s string if n, err := fmt.Scanln(&s); err != nil || n != 1 { continue } s = strings.TrimSpace(s) if s == "" { continue } var m move switch s[0] { case 'U', 'u': m = up case 'D', 'd': m = down case 'L', 'l': m = left case 'R', 'r': m = right case 'Q', 'q': fmt.Printf("Quiting after %d moves.\n", p.moves) p.quit = true return default: fmt.Println(` Please enter "U", "D", "L", or "R" to move the empty cell up, down, left, or right. You can also enter "Q" to quit. Upper or lowercase is accepted and only the first non-blank character is important (i.e. you may enter "up" if you like). `) continue } if !p.doMove(m) { fmt.Println("That is not a valid move at the moment.") continue } return } }
Haskell
import Data.Array import System.Random type Puzzle = Array (Int, Int) Int main :: IO () main = do putStrLn "Please enter the difficulty level: 0, 1 or 2" userInput <- getLine let diffLevel = read userInput if userInput == "" || any (\c -> c < '0' || c > '9') userInput || diffLevel > 2 || diffLevel < 0 then putStrLn "That is not a valid difficulty level." >> main else shufflePuzzle ([10, 50, 100] !! diffLevel) solvedPuzzle >>= gameLoop gameLoop :: Puzzle -> IO () gameLoop puzzle | puzzle == solvedPuzzle = putStrLn "You solved the puzzle!" >> printPuzzle puzzle | otherwise = do printPuzzle puzzle putStrLn "Please enter number to move" userInput <- getLine if any (\c -> c < '0' || c > '9') userInput then putStrLn "That is not a valid number." >> gameLoop puzzle else let move = read userInput in if move `notElem` validMoves puzzle then putStrLn "This move is not available." >> gameLoop puzzle else gameLoop (applyMove move puzzle) validMoves :: Puzzle -> [Int] validMoves puzzle = [puzzle ! (row', column') | row' <- [rowEmpty-1..rowEmpty+1], column' <- [columnEmpty-1..columnEmpty+1], row' < 4, row' >= 0, column' < 4, column' >= 0, (row' == rowEmpty) /= (column' == columnEmpty)] where (rowEmpty, columnEmpty) = findIndexOfNumber 16 puzzle applyMove :: Int -> Puzzle -> Puzzle applyMove numberToMove puzzle = puzzle // [(indexToMove, 16), (emptyIndex, numberToMove)] where indexToMove = findIndexOfNumber numberToMove puzzle emptyIndex = findIndexOfNumber 16 puzzle findIndexOfNumber :: Int -> Puzzle -> (Int, Int) findIndexOfNumber number puzzle = case filter (\idx -> number == puzzle ! idx) (indices puzzle) of [idx] -> idx _ -> error "BUG: number not in puzzle" printPuzzle :: Puzzle -> IO () printPuzzle puzzle = do putStrLn "+--+--+--+--+" putStrLn $ "|" ++ formatCell (0, 0) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (0, 1) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (0, 2) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (0, 3) ++ "|" putStrLn "+--+--+--+--+" putStrLn $ "|" ++ formatCell (1, 0) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (1, 1) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (1, 2) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (1, 3) ++ "|" putStrLn "+--+--+--+--+" putStrLn $ "|" ++ formatCell (2, 0) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (2, 1) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (2, 2) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (2, 3) ++ "|" putStrLn "+--+--+--+--+" putStrLn $ "|" ++ formatCell (3, 0) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (3, 1) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (3, 2) ++ "|" ++ formatCell (3, 3) ++ "|" putStrLn "+--+--+--+--+" where formatCell idx | i == 16 = " " | i > 9 = show i | otherwise = " " ++ show i where i = puzzle ! idx solvedPuzzle :: Puzzle solvedPuzzle = listArray ((0, 0), (3, 3)) [1..16] shufflePuzzle :: Int -> Puzzle -> IO Puzzle shufflePuzzle 0 puzzle = return puzzle shufflePuzzle numOfShuffels puzzle = do let moves = validMoves puzzle randomIndex <- randomRIO (0, length moves - 1) let move = moves !! randomIndex shufflePuzzle (numOfShuffels - 1) (applyMove move puzzle)
Output:
Please enter the difficulty level: 0, 1 or 2
0
+--+--+--+--+
| 1| 6| 2| 4|
+--+--+--+--+
| 5|10| 3| 8|
+--+--+--+--+
| 9|14| 7|11|
+--+--+--+--+
|13| |15|12|
+--+--+--+--+
Please enter number to move
14
+--+--+--+--+
| 1| 6| 2| 4|
+--+--+--+--+
| 5|10| 3| 8|
+--+--+--+--+
| 9| | 7|11|
+--+--+--+--+
|13|14|15|12|
+--+--+--+--+
Please enter number to move
Harbour
#include "inkey.ch"
#include "Box.ch"
procedure Main()
// console init
SET SCOREBOARD OFF
SetMode(30,80)
ret := 0
// main loop
yn := .F.
DO WHILE yn == .F.
// draw console
cls
@ 0, 0 TO MaxRow(), MaxCol() DOUBLE
SetColor("BG+/B,W/N")
@ 0, 4 SAY " Slidng puzzle game "
SetColor()
// input size of grid
tam := 0
@ MaxRow() - 2, 4 SAY "Size of grid: " GET tam PICTURE "9"
READ
// Initialize numbers
lista := ARRAY (tam * tam)
FOR z := 1 TO tam * tam
lista[z] := z
NEXT
lista1 := lista
grid := ARRAY (tam,tam)
// populate grid with numbers
FOR i := 1 TO tam
FOR j := 1 TO tam
grid[i,j] := lista1[ (i-1) * tam + j]
NEXT
NEXT
Mostra(@grid)
InKey(0)
// initialize the game
n := 0
t := 0
lista := lista1 // lista for scrambling, lista1 preserve numbers in order
DO WHILE .T.
// scrambling numbers
FOR i := 1 TO tam*tam
n := Int ( ft_Rand1(tam * tam - 1) + 1 )
t := lista[n]
lista[n] := lista[i]
lista[i] := t
NEXT
// have solution?
possp := 0
invct := 0 // change counter
FOR i := 1 TO tam * tam -1
IF lista[i] != tam*tam
FOR j := i + 1 TO tam * tam
IF lista[j] != tam*tam
IF lista[i] > lista[j]
invct++
ENDIF
ENDIF
NEXT
ELSE
possp := i
ENDIF
NEXT
linv := If( ( (invct % 2) == 0 ), .T., .F.)
lkin := If( ( (tam - Int( (possp -1) / tam )) % 2) == 0, .T., .F. )
IF ( (tam % 2) != 0) // if grid size is odd
IF linv // if number of positions changes is even, solvable
EXIT
ELSE
LOOP // if is odd, not solvable, scramble more
ENDIF // if grid size is even
ELSE
// If changes is even and space position is in odd line
// or changes is odd and space position is in even line
// (XOR condition) is solvable
IF (linv .AND. !lkin) .OR. (!linv .AND. lkin) // XOR !!!
EXIT
ElSE // else scramble more
LOOP
ENDIF
ENDIF
ENDDO
// populate the grid with scrambled numbers
FOR i := 1 TO tam
FOR j := 1 TO tam
grid[i,j] := lista[ (i-1) * tam + j]
NEXT
NEXT
ret := Mostra(@grid)
// play
key := 0
DO WHILE LastKey() != K_ESC
key := 0
// find the space coords
xe := 0
ye := 0
lv := tam*tam
FOR i := 1 TO tam
FOR j := 1 TO tam
IF grid[i,j] == lv
xe :=i
ye :=j
ENDIF
NEXT
NEXT
// the direction keys
key := inkey(0)
DO CASE
CASE key == K_UP
IF xe > 1
grid[xe,ye] := grid[xe-1,ye]
grid[xe-1,ye] := lv
ENDIF
ret := Mostra(@grid)
CASE key == K_DOWN
IF xe < tam
grid[xe,ye] := grid[xe+1,ye]
grid[xe+1,ye] := lv
ENDIF
ret := Mostra(@grid)
CASE key == K_LEFT
IF ye > 1
grid[xe,ye] := grid[xe,ye-1]
grid[xe,ye-1] := lv
ENDIF
ret := Mostra(@grid)
CASE key == K_RIGHT
IF ye < tam
grid[xe,ye] := grid[xe,ye+1]
grid[xe,ye+1] := lv
ENDIF
ret := Mostra(@grid)
ENDCASE
IF ret == tam*tam-1 // ret is qtty numbers in position
@ MaxRow() - 3, 4 SAY "Fim de jogo!" // if ret == (size*size) -1
key := K_ESC // all numbers in position
EXIT // game solved
ENDIF
ENDDO
@ MaxRow() - 2, 4 SAY "Deseja sair? (yn): " GET yn PICTURE "Y"
READ
@ MaxRow() - 3, 4 SAY " "
ENDDO
return NIL
FUNCTION Mostra(grid)
// Show the gris
fim := 0 // how many numbers in position?
SetColor("BG+/B,W/N")
@ 5,10 , 5 + tam * 2, 9 + tam * 4 BOX B_SINGLE + Space(1)
i := 0
FOR y := 1 TO tam
FOR x := 1 TO tam
IF grid[x,y] == tam * tam // show space
SetColor(" B/GR+, W/N")
@ x*2 + 4, i + 11 SAY " "
SetColor("BG+/B,W/N")
ELSE
IF ( (x-1) * tam + y ) == grid[x,y] // show number in position
SetColor("W/G,W/N")
@ x*2 + 4, i + 11 SAY grid[x,y] PICTURE "99"
fim++
ELSE // show number out position
SetColor("BG+/B,W/N")
@ x*2 + 4, i + 11 SAY grid[x,y] PICTURE "99"
ENDIF
ENDIF
NEXT
i = i + 4
NEXT
SetColor(" W/N, BG+/B")
RETURN fim
J
Implementation:
require'general/misc/prompt'
genboard=:3 :0
b=. ?~16
if. 0<C.!.2 b do.
b=. (<0 _1)C. b
end.
a: (b i.0)} <"0 b
)
done=: (<"0]1+i.15),a:
shift=: |.!._"0 2
taxi=: |:,/"2(_1 1 shift i.4 4),_1 1 shift"0 1/ i.4 4
showboard=:3 :0
echo 'current board:'
echo 4 4$y
)
help=:0 :0
Slide a number block into the empty space
until you get:
┌──┬──┬──┬──┐
│1 │2 │3 │4 │
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│5 │6 │7 │8 │
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│9 │10│11│12│
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│13│14│15│ │
└──┴──┴──┴──┘
Or type 'q' to quit.
)
getmove=:3 :0
showboard y
blank=. y i. a:
options=. /:~ ;y {~ _ -.~ blank { taxi
whilst. -. n e. options do.
echo 'Valid moves: ',":options
t=. prompt 'move which number? '
if. 'q' e. t do.
echo 'giving up'
throw.
elseif. 'h' e. t do.
echo help
showboard y
end.
n=. {._".t
end.
(<blank,y i.<n) C. y
)
game=: 3 :0
echo '15 puzzle'
echo 'h for help, q to quit'
board=. genboard''
whilst. -. done-:board do.
board=. getmove board
end.
showboard board
echo 'You win.'
)
Most of this is user interface code. We initially shuffle the numbers randomly, then check their parity and swap the first and last squares if needed. Then, for each move, we allow the user to pick one of the taxicab neighbors of the empty square.
A full game would be too big to be worth showing here, so for the purpose of giving a glimpse of what this looks like in action we replace the random number generator with a constant:
game''
15 puzzle
h for help, q to quit
current board:
┌──┬──┬──┬──┐
│1 │2 │3 │4 │
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│5 │6 │7 │8 │
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│9 │10│ │11│
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│13│14│15│12│
└──┴──┴──┴──┘
Valid moves: 7 10 11 15
move which number? 11
current board:
┌──┬──┬──┬──┐
│1 │2 │3 │4 │
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│5 │6 │7 │8 │
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│9 │10│11│ │
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│13│14│15│12│
└──┴──┴──┴──┘
Valid moves: 8 11 12
move which number? 12
current board:
┌──┬──┬──┬──┐
│1 │2 │3 │4 │
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│5 │6 │7 │8 │
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│9 │10│11│12│
├──┼──┼──┼──┤
│13│14│15│ │
└──┴──┴──┴──┘
You win.
== {{header|Java}}== {{works with|Java|8}}
package fifteenpuzzle; import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import java.util.Random; import javax.swing.*; class FifteenPuzzle extends JPanel { private final int side = 4; private final int numTiles = side * side - 1; private final Random rand = new Random(); private final int[] tiles = new int[numTiles + 1]; private final int tileSize; private int blankPos; private final int margin; private final int gridSize; private boolean gameOver; private FifteenPuzzle() { final int dim = 640; margin = 80; tileSize = (dim - 2 * margin) / side; gridSize = tileSize * side; setPreferredSize(new Dimension(dim, dim + margin)); setBackground(Color.WHITE); setForeground(new Color(0x6495ED)); // cornflowerblue setFont(new Font("SansSerif", Font.BOLD, 60)); gameOver = true; addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() { @Override public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { if (gameOver) { newGame(); } else { int ex = e.getX() - margin; int ey = e.getY() - margin; if (ex < 0 || ex > gridSize || ey < 0 || ey > gridSize) { return; } int c1 = ex / tileSize; int r1 = ey / tileSize; int c2 = blankPos % side; int r2 = blankPos / side; int clickPos = r1 * side + c1; int dir = 0; if (c1 == c2 && Math.abs(r1 - r2) > 0) { dir = (r1 - r2) > 0 ? 4 : -4; } else if (r1 == r2 && Math.abs(c1 - c2) > 0) { dir = (c1 - c2) > 0 ? 1 : -1; } if (dir != 0) { do { int newBlankPos = blankPos + dir; tiles[blankPos] = tiles[newBlankPos]; blankPos = newBlankPos; } while (blankPos != clickPos); tiles[blankPos] = 0; } gameOver = isSolved(); } repaint(); } }); newGame(); } private void newGame() { do { reset(); shuffle(); } while (!isSolvable()); gameOver = false; } private void reset() { for (int i = 0; i < tiles.length; i++) { tiles[i] = (i + 1) % tiles.length; } blankPos = tiles.length - 1; } private void shuffle() { // don't include the blank space in the shuffle, leave it // in the home position int n = numTiles; while (n > 1) { int r = rand.nextInt(n--); int tmp = tiles[r]; tiles[r] = tiles[n]; tiles[n] = tmp; } } /* Only half the permutations of the puzzle are solvable. Whenever a tile is preceded by a tile with higher value it counts as an inversion. In our case, with the blank space in the home position, the number of inversions must be even for the puzzle to be solvable. See also: www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~mdr/teaching/modules04/java2/TilesSolvability.html */ private boolean isSolvable() { int countInversions = 0; for (int i = 0; i < numTiles; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) { if (tiles[j] > tiles[i]) { countInversions++; } } } return countInversions % 2 == 0; } private boolean isSolved() { if (tiles[tiles.length - 1] != 0) { return false; } for (int i = numTiles - 1; i >= 0; i--) { if (tiles[i] != i + 1) { return false; } } return true; } private void drawGrid(Graphics2D g) { for (int i = 0; i < tiles.length; i++) { int r = i / side; int c = i % side; int x = margin + c * tileSize; int y = margin + r * tileSize; if (tiles[i] == 0) { if (gameOver) { g.setColor(Color.GREEN); drawCenteredString(g, "\u2713", x, y); } continue; } g.setColor(getForeground()); g.fillRoundRect(x, y, tileSize, tileSize, 25, 25); g.setColor(Color.blue.darker()); g.drawRoundRect(x, y, tileSize, tileSize, 25, 25); g.setColor(Color.WHITE); drawCenteredString(g, String.valueOf(tiles[i]), x, y); } } private void drawStartMessage(Graphics2D g) { if (gameOver) { g.setFont(getFont().deriveFont(Font.BOLD, 18)); g.setColor(getForeground()); String s = "click to start a new game"; int x = (getWidth() - g.getFontMetrics().stringWidth(s)) / 2; int y = getHeight() - margin; g.drawString(s, x, y); } } private void drawCenteredString(Graphics2D g, String s, int x, int y) { FontMetrics fm = g.getFontMetrics(); int asc = fm.getAscent(); int des = fm.getDescent(); x = x + (tileSize - fm.stringWidth(s)) / 2; y = y + (asc + (tileSize - (asc + des)) / 2); g.drawString(s, x, y); } @Override public void paintComponent(Graphics gg) { super.paintComponent(gg); Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) gg; g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); drawGrid(g); drawStartMessage(g); } public static void main(String[] args) { SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> { JFrame f = new JFrame(); f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); f.setTitle("Fifteen Puzzle"); f.setResizable(false); f.add(new FifteenPuzzle(), BorderLayout.CENTER); f.pack(); f.setLocationRelativeTo(null); f.setVisible(true); }); } }
Javascript
Play it [http://paulo-jorente.de/webgames/15p/ here]
var board, zx, zy, clicks, possibles, clickCounter, oldzx = -1, oldzy = -1; function getPossibles() { var ii, jj, cx = [-1, 0, 1, 0], cy = [0, -1, 0, 1]; possibles = []; for( var i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) { ii = zx + cx[i]; jj = zy + cy[i]; if( ii < 0 || ii > 3 || jj < 0 || jj > 3 ) continue; possibles.push( { x: ii, y: jj } ); } } function updateBtns() { var b, v, id; for( var j = 0; j < 4; j++ ) { for( var i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) { id = "btn" + ( i + j * 4 ); b = document.getElementById( id ); v = board[i][j]; if( v < 16 ) { b.innerHTML = ( "" + v ); b.className = "button" } else { b.innerHTML = ( "" ); b.className = "empty"; } } } clickCounter.innerHTML = "Clicks: " + clicks; } function shuffle() { var v = 0, t; do { getPossibles(); while( true ) { t = possibles[Math.floor( Math.random() * possibles.length )]; console.log( t.x, oldzx, t.y, oldzy ) if( t.x != oldzx || t.y != oldzy ) break; } oldzx = zx; oldzy = zy; board[zx][zy] = board[t.x][t.y]; zx = t.x; zy = t.y; board[zx][zy] = 16; } while( ++v < 200 ); } function restart() { shuffle(); clicks = 0; updateBtns(); } function checkFinished() { var a = 0; for( var j = 0; j < 4; j++ ) { for( var i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) { if( board[i][j] < a ) return false; a = board[i][j]; } } return true; } function btnHandle( e ) { getPossibles(); var c = e.target.i, r = e.target.j, p = -1; for( var i = 0; i < possibles.length; i++ ) { if( possibles[i].x == c && possibles[i].y == r ) { p = i; break; } } if( p > -1 ) { clicks++; var t = possibles[p]; board[zx][zy] = board[t.x][t.y]; zx = t.x; zy = t.y; board[zx][zy] = 16; updateBtns(); if( checkFinished() ) { setTimeout(function(){ alert( "WELL DONE!" ); restart(); }, 1); } } } function createBoard() { board = new Array( 4 ); for( var i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) { board[i] = new Array( 4 ); } for( var j = 0; j < 4; j++ ) { for( var i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) { board[i][j] = ( i + j * 4 ) + 1; } } zx = zy = 3; board[zx][zy] = 16; } function createBtns() { var b, d = document.createElement( "div" ); d.className += "board"; document.body.appendChild( d ); for( var j = 0; j < 4; j++ ) { for( var i = 0; i < 4; i++ ) { b = document.createElement( "button" ); b.id = "btn" + ( i + j * 4 ); b.i = i; b.j = j; b.addEventListener( "click", btnHandle, false ); b.appendChild( document.createTextNode( "" ) ); d.appendChild( b ); } } clickCounter = document.createElement( "p" ); clickCounter.className += "txt"; document.body.appendChild( clickCounter ); } function start() { createBtns(); createBoard(); restart(); }
Html to test
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head><meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>15 Puzzle</title>
<script src="p15.js"></script>
<style>
html,body{padding:0; margin:0;padding-top:8vh;background:#222;color:#111}
.txt{color:#fff;text-align:center;font-size:5vh}
.board{padding:0;margin:auto;width:33vh;height:33vh}
.button, .empty{border:0;font-size:3.5vh;margin:0.5vh;padding:0;height:6vh;width:7.25vh;line-height:5vh;
vertical-align:middle;background:#fff;text-align:center;border-radius:3px;cursor:pointer;float:left}
.empty{background:#333;border:1px solid #111}
</style>
</head><body onload="start()"></body></html>
Julia
using Random const size = 4 const puzzle = string.(reshape(1:16, size, size)) puzzle[16] = " " rng = MersenneTwister(Int64(round(time()))) shufflepuzzle() = (puzzle .= shuffle(rng, puzzle)) findtile(t) = findfirst(x->x == t, puzzle) findhole() = findtile(" ") function issolvable() inversioncount = 1 asint(x) = (puzzle[x] == " ") ? 0 : parse(Int64, puzzle[x]) for i in 1:size^2-1, j in i:size^2 if puzzle[i] == " " || puzzle[j] == " " continue end if parse(Int, puzzle[i]) < parse(Int, puzzle[j]) inversioncount += 1 end end if size % 2 == 1 return inversioncount % 2 == 0 end pos = findhole() inversioncount += pos[2] return inversioncount & 1 == 0 end function nexttohole() holepos = findhole() row = holepos[1] col = holepos[2] if row == 1 if col == 1 return [[row, col + 1], [row + 1, col]] elseif col == size return [[row, col - 1], [row + 1, col]] else return [[row, col - 1], [row, col + 1], [row + 1, col]] end elseif row == size if col == 1 return [[row - 1, col], [row, col + 1]] elseif col == size return [[row - 1, col], [row, col - 1]] else return [[row - 1, col], [row, col - 1], [row, col + 1]] end else if col == 1 return [[row - 1, col], [row, col + 1], [row + 1, col]] elseif col == size return [[row - 1, col], [row, col - 1], [row + 1, col]] else return [[row - 1, col], [row, col - 1], [row, col + 1], [row + 1, col]] end end end possiblemoves() = map(pos->puzzle[pos[1], pos[2]], nexttohole()) function movehole(tiletofill) if tiletofill in possiblemoves() curpos = findtile(tiletofill) holepos = findhole() puzzle[holepos] = tiletofill puzzle[curpos] = " " else println("Bad tile move $tiletofill.\nPossible moves are $(possiblemoves()).") end end function printboard() ppuz(x,y) = print(lpad(rpad(puzzle[x,y], 3), 4), "|") print("+----+----+----+----+\n|") for j in 1:size, i in 1:size ppuz(i,j) if i == size print("\n") if j < size print("|") end end end println("+----+----+----+----+") end function puzzle15play() solved() = (puzzle[1:15] == string.(1:15)) shufflepuzzle() println("This puzzle is", issolvable() ? " " : " not ", "solvable.") while !solved() printboard() print("Possible moves are: $(possiblemoves()), 0 to exit. Your move? => ") s = readline() if s == "0" exit(0) end movehole(s) end printboard() println("Puzzle solved.") end puzzle15play()
{{output}}
This puzzle is solvable.
+----+----+----+----+
| 5 | 7 | 14 | |
| 4 | 3 | 13 | 12 |
| 10 | 1 | 6 | 9 |
| 8 | 15 | 11 | 2 |
+----+----+----+----+
Possible moves are: ["14", "12"], 0 to exit. Your move? => 12
+----+----+----+----+
| 5 | 7 | 14 | 12 |
| 4 | 3 | 13 | |
| 10 | 1 | 6 | 9 |
| 8 | 15 | 11 | 2 |
+----+----+----+----+
Possible moves are: ["13", "12", "9"], 0 to exit. Your move? =>
Kotlin
{{trans|Java}}
// version 1.1.3 import java.awt.BorderLayout import java.awt.Color import java.awt.Dimension import java.awt.Font import java.awt.Graphics import java.awt.Graphics2D import java.awt.RenderingHints import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter import java.awt.event.MouseEvent import java.util.Random import javax.swing.JFrame import javax.swing.JPanel import javax.swing.SwingUtilities class FifteenPuzzle(dim: Int, val margin: Int) : JPanel() { private val rand = Random() private val tiles = IntArray(16) private val tileSize = (dim - 2 * margin) / 4 private val gridSize = tileSize * 4 private var blankPos = 0 init { preferredSize = Dimension(dim, dim) background = Color.white val cornflowerBlue = 0x6495ED foreground = Color(cornflowerBlue) font = Font("SansSerif", Font.BOLD, 60) addMouseListener(object : MouseAdapter() { override fun mousePressed(e: MouseEvent) { val ex = e.x - margin val ey = e.y - margin if (ex !in 0..gridSize || ey !in 0..gridSize) return val c1 = ex / tileSize val r1 = ey / tileSize val c2 = blankPos % 4 val r2 = blankPos / 4 if ((c1 == c2 && Math.abs(r1 - r2) == 1) || (r1 == r2 && Math.abs(c1 - c2) == 1)) { val clickPos = r1 * 4 + c1 tiles[blankPos] = tiles[clickPos] tiles[clickPos] = 0 blankPos = clickPos } repaint() } }) shuffle() } private fun shuffle() { do { reset() // don't include the blank space in the shuffle, // leave it in the home position var n = 15 while (n > 1) { val r = rand.nextInt(n--) val tmp = tiles[r] tiles[r] = tiles[n] tiles[n] = tmp } } while (!isSolvable()) } private fun reset() { for (i in 0 until tiles.size) { tiles[i] = (i + 1) % tiles.size } blankPos = 15 } /* Only half the permutations of the puzzle are solvable. Whenever a tile is preceded by a tile with higher value it counts as an inversion. In our case, with the blank space in the home position, the number of inversions must be even for the puzzle to be solvable. */ private fun isSolvable(): Boolean { var countInversions = 0 for (i in 0 until 15) { (0 until i) .filter { tiles[it] > tiles[i] } .forEach { countInversions++ } } return countInversions % 2 == 0 } private fun drawGrid(g: Graphics2D) { for (i in 0 until tiles.size) { if (tiles[i] == 0) continue val r = i / 4 val c = i % 4 val x = margin + c * tileSize val y = margin + r * tileSize with(g) { color = foreground fillRoundRect(x, y, tileSize, tileSize, 25, 25) color = Color.black drawRoundRect(x, y, tileSize, tileSize, 25, 25) color = Color.white } drawCenteredString(g, tiles[i].toString(), x, y) } } private fun drawCenteredString(g: Graphics2D, s: String, x: Int, y: Int) { val fm = g.fontMetrics val asc = fm.ascent val des = fm.descent val xx = x + (tileSize - fm.stringWidth(s)) / 2 val yy = y + (asc + (tileSize - (asc + des)) / 2) g.drawString(s, xx, yy) } override fun paintComponent(gg: Graphics) { super.paintComponent(gg) val g = gg as Graphics2D g.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON) drawGrid(g) } } fun main(args: Array<String>) { SwingUtilities.invokeLater { val f = JFrame() with(f) { defaultCloseOperation = JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE title = "Fifteen Puzzle" isResizable = false add(FifteenPuzzle(640, 80), BorderLayout.CENTER) pack() setLocationRelativeTo(null) isVisible = true } } }
Liberty BASIC
{{trans|Commodore BASIC}} {{works with|Just BASIC}}
' 15-PUZZLE GAME
' ********************************
dim d(16)
dim ds$(16) ' Board pieces
dim sh(3)
call introAndLevel v
call buildBoard v
call printPuzzle
do
print "To move a piece, enter its number: "
input x
while isMoveValid(x, y, z) = 0
print "Wrong move."
call printPuzzle
print "To move a piece, enter its number: "
input x
wend
d(z) = x
d(y) = 0
call printPuzzle
loop until isPuzzleComplete()
print "YOU WON!"
end
sub printPuzzle
for p = 1 to 16
if d(p) = 0 then
ds$(p) = " "
else
s$ = str$(d(p))
ds$(p) = left$(" ", 3 - len(s$)) + s$ + " "
end if
next p
print "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
print "|"; ds$(1); "|"; ds$(2); "|"; ds$(3); "|"; ds$(4); "|"
print "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
print "|"; ds$(5); "|"; ds$(6); "|"; ds$(7); "|"; ds$(8); "|"
print "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
print "|"; ds$(9); "|"; ds$(10); "|";ds$(11); "|"; ds$(12); "|"
print "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
print "|"; ds$(13); "|"; ds$(14); "|"; ds$(15); "|"; ds$(16); "|"
print "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
end sub
sub introAndLevel byref level
cls
sh(1) = 10
sh(2) = 50
sh(3) = 100
print "15 PUZZLE GAME"
print
print
print "Please enter level of difficulty,"
do
print "1 (easy), 2 (medium) or 3 (hard): ";
input level
loop while (level < 1) or (level > 3)
end sub
sub buildBoard level
' Set pieces in correct order first
for p = 1 to 15
d(p) = p
next p
d(16) = 0 ' 0 = empty piece/slot
z = 16 ' z = empty position
print
print "Shuffling pieces";
for n = 1 to sh(level)
print ".";
do
x = int(rnd(0) * 4) + 1
select case x
case 1
r = z - 4
case 2
r = z + 4
case 3
if (z - 1) mod 4 <> 0 then
r = z - 1
end if
case 4
if z mod 4 <> 0 then
r = z + 1
end if
end select
loop while (r < 1) or (r > 16)
d(z) = d(r)
z = r
d(z) = 0
next n
cls
end sub
function isMoveValid(ax, byref ay, byref az)
mv = 0
if (ax >= 1) or (ax <= 15) then
' Find position of piece ax
p = 1
while d(p) <> ax
p = p + 1
if p > 16 then
print "UH OH!"
stop
end if
wend
ay = p
' Find position of empty piece
p = 1
while d(p) <> 0
p = p + 1
if p > 16 then
print "UH OH!"
stop
end if
wend
az = p
' Check if empty piece is above, below, left or right to piece x
if (ay - 4 = az) or _
(ay + 4 = az) or _
((ay - 1 = az) and (az mod 4 <> 0)) or _
((ay + 1 = az) and (ay mod 4 <> 0)) then
mv = 1
end if
end if
isMoveValid = mv
end function
function isPuzzleComplete()
pc = 0
p = 1
while (p < 16) and (d(p) = p)
p = p + 1
wend
if p = 16 then
pc = 1
end if
isPuzzleComplete = pc
end function
LiveCode
#Please note that all this code can be performed in livecode with just few mouse clicks
#This is just a pure script exampe
on OpenStack
show me #Usually not necessary
#tile creation
set the width of the templateButton to 50
set the height of the templateButton to 50
repeat with i=1 to 16
create button
set the label of button i to i
if i =1 then
set the top of button 1 to 0
set the left of button 1 to 0
end if
if i > 1 and 1 <=4 then
set the left of button i to the right of button (i-1)
set the top of button i to the top of button 1
end if
if i >= 5 and i <= 8 then
set the top of button i to the bottom of button 1
if i = 5 then
set the left of button i to the left of button 1
else
set the left of button i to the right of button (i - 1)
end if
end if
if i >= 9 and i <= 12 then
set the top of button i to the bottom of button 5
if i = 9 then
set the left of button i to the left of button 1
else
set the left of button i to the right of button (i - 1)
end if
end if
if i >= 13 and i <= 16 then
set the top of button i to the bottom of button 9
if i = 13 then
set the left of button i to the left of button 1
else
set the left of button i to the right of button (i - 1)
end if
end if
#this is usally the script directly wirtten in the objects, it's really weird this way
put "on MouseUp" &CR& "if checkDistance(the label of me) then" & CR &"put the loc of me into temp" into ts
put CR& "set the loc of me to the loc of button 16" after ts
put CR& "set the loc of button 16 to temp" & Cr & "end if " &CR &"End MouseUp" after ts
set the script of button i to ts
end repeat
#graphic adjustements
set the visible of button 16 to false
set the width of this stack to the right of button 16
set the height of this stack to the bottom of button 16
end openStack
function checkDistance i
if (((the top of button i - the bottom of button 16) = 0 OR (the top of button 16 - the bottom of button i) = 0) AND the left of button i = the left of button 16) OR (((the left of button i - the right of button 16) = 0 OR (the right of button i - the left of button 16) = 0) AND the top of button i = the top of button 16) then
return true
else
return false
end if
end checkDistance
Screenshot: [https://s24.postimg.org/uc6fx7kph/Livecode15_Puzzle_Game.png]
Lua
math.randomseed( os.time() ) local puz = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 0 } local dir = { { 1, 0 }, { -1, 0 }, { 0, 1 }, { 0, -1 } } local sx, sy = 4, 4 function isValid( tx, ty ) return tx > 0 and tx < 5 and ty > 0 and ty < 5 end function display() io.write( "\n\n" ) for j = 1, 4 do io.write( "+----+----+----+----+\n" ) for i = 1, 4 do local d = puz[i + j * 4 - 4] io.write( ": " ) if d < 10 then io.write( " " ) end if d < 1 then io.write( " " ) else io.write( string.format( "%d ", d ) ) end end io.write( ":\n" ) end io.write( "+----+----+----+----+\n\n" ) end function getUserNove() local moves, r, tx, ty = {} for d = 1, 4 do tx = sx; ty = sy tx = tx + dir[d][1]; ty = ty + dir[d][2] if isValid( tx, ty ) then table.insert( moves, puz[tx + ty * 4 - 4] ) end end io.write( "Your possible moves are: " ) for i = 1, #moves do io.write( string.format( "%d ", moves[i] ) ) end io.write ( "\nYour move: " ); r = tonumber( io.read() ) if r ~= nil then for i = 1, #moves do if moves[i] == r then return r end end end print( "Invalid move!" ) return -1 end function checked( r ) for i = 1, #puz do if puz[i] == r then puz[i] = 0 sx = 1 + ( i - 1 ) % 4; sy = math.floor( ( i + 3 ) / 4 ) elseif puz[i] == 0 then puz[i] = r end end for i = 2, #puz - 1 do if puz[i - 1] + 1 ~= puz[i] then return false end end return true end function beginGame() local r, d, tx, ty while( true ) do for i = 1, 100 do while( true ) do tx = sx; ty = sy; d = math.random( 4 ) tx = tx + dir[d][1]; ty = ty + dir[d][2] if isValid( tx, ty ) then break end end puz[sx + sy * 4 - 4] = puz[tx + ty * 4 - 4] puz[tx + ty * 4 - 4] = 0; sx = tx; sy = ty end while( true ) do display(); r = getUserNove() if r > 0 then if checked( r ) then display() io.write( "\nDone!\n\nPlay again (Y/N)?" ) r = io.read() if r ~= "Y" and r ~= "y" then return else break end end end end end end -- [ entry point ] -- beginGame()
{{out}}
+----+----+----+----+
: 1 : 15 : 7 : 3 :
+----+----+----+----+
: 14 : 9 : 2 : 4 :
+----+----+----+----+
: 5 : 13 : : 10 :
+----+----+----+----+
: 6 : 12 : 8 : 11 :
+----+----+----+----+
Your possible moves are: 10 13 8 2
Your move:
{{trans|COMMODORE BASIC}}
M2000 Interpreter
{{trans|COMMODORE BASIC}} I make a function RND() and I set Base for arrays to 1 Also I put some semi colons to Print statement Also I have to put variables after NEXT statements To be actual BASIC compatible we have to set FOR NEXT like BASIC, because for M2000 the direction defined by the starting-ending values, so always we get at least one time the block between FOR NEXT. So we can use:
SET SWITCHES "+FOR"
But here we don't have to skip FOR NEXT and no STEP clause used.
Also the code is not the best, because we can move from 4 position to 5 (we can't do that with real puzzle)
Module Puzzle15 {
00 BASE 1 : DEF RND(X)=RND
10 REM 15-PUZZLE GAME
20 REM COMMODORE BASIC 2.0
30 REM ********************************
40 GOSUB 400 : REM INTRO AND LEVEL
50 GOSUB 510 : REM SETUP BOARD
60 GOSUB 210 : REM PRINT PUZZLE
70 PRINT "TO MOVE A PIECE, ENTER ITS NUMBER:"
80 INPUT X
90 GOSUB 730 : REM CHECK IF MOVE IS VALID
100 IF MV=0 THEN PRINT "WRONG MOVE" : GOSUB 1050 : GOTO 60
110 D(Z)=X : D(Y)=0
120 GOSUB 210 : REM PRINT PUZZLE
130 GOSUB 950 : REM CHECK IF PUZZLE COMPLETE
140 IF PC THEN 160
150 GOTO 70
160 PRINT"YOU WON!"
170 END
180 REM
190 REM *******************************
200 REM PRINT/DRAW THE PUZZLE
210 FOR P=1 TO 16
220 IF D(P)=0 THEN D$(P)=" " : GOTO 260
230 S$=STR$(D(P))
240 N=LEN(S$)
250 D$(P) = LEFT$(" ",3-N)+S$+" "
260 NEXT P
270 PRINT "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
280 PRINT "!";D$(1);"!";D$(2);"!";D$(3);"!";D$(4);"!"
290 PRINT "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
300 PRINT "!";D$(5);"!";D$(6);"!";D$(7);"!";D$(8);"!"
310 PRINT "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
320 PRINT "!";D$(9);"!";D$(10);"!";D$(11);"!";D$(12);"!"
330 PRINT "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
340 PRINT "!";D$(13);"!";D$(14);"!";D$(15);"!";D$(16);"!"
350 PRINT "+-----+-----+-----+-----+"
360 RETURN
370 REM
380 REM *******************************
390 REM INTRO AND LEVEL OF DIFFICULTY
400 PRINT CHR$(147)
410 DIM SH(3) : SH(1)=10 : SH(2)=50 : SH(3)=100
420 PRINT "15 PUZZLE GAME FOR COMMODORE BASIC 2.0" : PRINT : PRINT
430 PRINT "PLEASE ENTER LEVEL OF DIFFICULTY,"
440 PRINT "1(EASY), 2(MEDIUM) OR 3(HARD):";
450 INPUT V
460 IF V<1 OR V>3 THEN 440
470 RETURN
480 REM
490 REM *******************************
500 REM BUILD THE BOARD
510 DIM D(16) : DIM D$(16) : REM BOARD PIECES
520 REM SET PIECES IN CORRECT ORDER FIRST
530 FOR P=1 TO 15
540 D(P) = P
550 NEXT P
560 D(16) = 0 : REM 0 = EMPTY PIECE/SLOT
570 Z=16 : REM Z = EMPTY POSITION
580 PRINT: PRINT "SHUFFLING PIECES";
590 FOR N=1 TO SH(V)
600 PRINT".";
610 X = INT(RND(0)*4)+1
620 R = Z+(X=1)*4-(X=2)*4+(X=3)-(X=4)
630 IF R<1 OR R>16 THEN 610
640 D(Z)=D(R)
650 Z=R
660 D(Z)=0
670 NEXT N
680 PRINT CHR$(147)
690 RETURN
700 REM
710 REM *******************************
720 REM CHECK IF MOVE IS VALID
730 MV = 0
740 IF X<1 OR X>15 THEN RETURN
750 REM FIND POSITION OF PIECE X
760 P=1
770 IF D(P)=X THEN Y=P : GOTO 810
780 P=P+1 : IF P>16 THEN PRINT "UH OH!" : STOP
790 GOTO 770
800 REM FIND POSITION OF EMPTY PIECE
810 P=1
820 IF D(P)=0 THEN Z=P : GOTO 860
830 P=P+1 : IF P>16 THEN PRINT "UH OH!" : STOP
840 GOTO 820
850 PRINT Y;Z
860 REM CHECK IF EMPTY PIECE IS ABOVE, BELOW, LEFT OR RIGHT TO PIECE X
870 IF Y-4=Z THEN MV=1 : RETURN
880 IF Y+4=Z THEN MV=1 : RETURN
890 IF Y-1=Z THEN MV=1 : RETURN
900 IF Y+1=Z THEN MV=1 : RETURN
910 RETURN
920 REM
930 REM *******************************
940 REM CHECK IF PUZZLE IS COMPLETE / GAME OVER
950 PC = 0
960 P=1
970 IF D(P)<>P THEN RETURN
980 P=P+1
990 IF P<16 THEN 970
1000 PC = 1
1010 RETURN
1020 REM
1030 REM ******************************
1040 REM A SMALL DELAY
1050 FOR T=0 TO 400
1060 NEXT T
1070 RETURN
}
Puzzle15
Mercury
The ideal in Mercury is to have a declarative module that encodes the game logic, and then separate modules to implement a human player with text commands (here), or keyed commands, or some kind of AI player, and so on. fifteen.print/3 is a arguably a smudge on fifteen's interface:
:- module fifteen.
:- interface.
:- use_module random, io.
:- type board.
:- type invalid_board
---> invalid_board(board).
:- type move
---> up
; down
; left
; right.
% init(Board):
% Board is fifteen game in its initial state
%
:- pred init(board::out) is det.
% print(Board, !IO)
:- pred print(board::in, io.io::di, io.io::uo) is det.
% Shuffled(Board, !RS):
% Board is a fifteen game in a random (but valid) state.
%
:- pred shuffled(board::out, random.supply::mdi, random.supply::muo) is det.
% space(Board) = I:
% I is the index of the blank space in the board.
% Throws invalid_board iff there is no blank.
%
:- func space(board) = int.
% move(Move, !Board):
% Move the blank space in a board in the given direction.
% Fails if this is an invalid move to make.
%
:- pred move(move::in, board::in, board::out) is semidet.
:- implementation.
:- import_module bt_array, int, list, string.
:- use_module array, exception.
:- type board == bt_array(int).
init(B) :- from_list(0, (1 .. 15) ++ [0], B).
print(B, !IO) :-
Tile = (func(N) = ( if N = 0 then s(" ") else s(string.format("%2d", [i(N)])) )),
io.format("\
|----+----+----+----|
| %s | %s | %s | %s |
| %s | %s | %s | %s |
| %s | %s | %s | %s |
| %s | %s | %s | %s |
|----+----+----+----|
",
map(Tile, to_list(B)), !IO).
shuffled(!:B, !RS) :-
init(!:B),
some [!A] (
array.from_list(to_list(!.B), !:A),
array.random_permutation(!A, !RS),
from_list(0, array.to_list(!.A), !:B)
).
space(Board) = I :- space(0, Board, I).
:- pred space(int::in, board::in, int::out) is det.
space(N, Board, I) :-
( if semidet_lookup(Board, N, X) then
( if X = 0 then
N = I
else
space(N + 1, Board, I)
)
else
exception.throw(invalid_board(Board))
).
:- pred swap(int::in, int::in, board::in, board::out) is det.
swap(I, J, !B) :-
X = !.B ^ elem(I),
Y = !.B ^ elem(J),
!B ^ elem(I) := Y,
!B ^ elem(J) := X.
move(M, !B) :- move(space(!.B), M, !B).
:- pred move(int::in, move::in, board::in, board::out) is semidet.
move(I, up, !B) :-
I >= 4,
swap(I, I - 4, !B).
move(I, down, !B) :-
I < 12,
swap(I, I + 4, !B).
move(I, left, !B) :-
not (I = 0 ; I = 4 ; I = 8 ; I = 12),
swap(I, I - 1, !B).
move(I, right, !B) :-
not (I = 3 ; I = 7 ; I = 11 ; I = 15),
swap(I, I + 1, !B).
As used:
:- module play_fifteen.
:- interface.
:- import_module io.
:- pred main(io::di, io::uo) is det.
:- implementation.
:- import_module string.
:- use_module random, fifteen, exception.
main(!IO) :-
seed(Seed, !IO),
random.init(Seed, RS),
fifteen.shuffled(Board, RS, _),
fifteen.print(Board, !IO),
play(Board, !IO).
:- type input_command
---> up ; down ; left ; right
; quit.
:- type command
---> move(fifteen.move)
; quit.
:- pred input(input_command::in, command::out) is det.
input(up, move(fifteen.up)).
input(down, move(fifteen.down)).
input(left, move(fifteen.left)).
input(right, move(fifteen.right)).
input(quit, quit).
:- pred command(string::in, command::out) is semidet.
command(String, C) :-
Term = chomp(String) ++ ".",
io.read_from_string("play_fifteen", Term, length(Term),
ok(I), io.posn(0, 0, 0), _),
input(I, C).
:- pred play(fifteen.board::in, io::di, io::uo) is det.
play(!.B, !IO) :-
io.write_string("Move? ", !IO),
io.read_line_as_string(Res, !IO),
(
Res = eof
;
Res = error(_),
exception.throw(Res)
;
Res = ok(String),
( if command(String, Command) then
(
Command = quit,
io.write_string("Bye :(\n", !IO)
;
Command = move(Move),
( if fifteen.move(Move, !B) then
( if fifteen.init(!.B) then
fifteen.print(!.B, !IO),
io.write_string("You win!\n", !IO)
else
fifteen.print(!.B, !IO),
play(!.B, !IO)
)
else
io.write_string("Invalid move.\n", !IO),
play(!.B, !IO)
)
)
else
io.write_string("I didn't understand that.\n", !IO),
play(!.B, !IO)
)
).
:- pragma foreign_decl("C", "#include <time.h>").
:- pred seed(int::out, io::di, io::uo) is det.
:- pragma foreign_proc("C",
seed(Seed::out, _IO0::di, _IO::uo),
[promise_pure, will_not_call_mercury],
"
Seed = time(NULL);
").
MUMPS
15Game ;
; setting the layout
f i=1:1:15 s box(i)=16-i
; no number for box 16
s box(16)=""
f {
; initialise i for incrementation
s i=0
; write out the 4-by-4 box
f row=1:1:4 {
w !?20
f column=1:1:4 {
s i=$i(i)
w $j(box(i),2)," "
}
}
r !!,"Enter number to move (q to quit): ",number
q:number="q"
f i=1:1:16 q:box(i)=""
if box(i)="" {
if i>4,number=box(i-4) {
s box(i)=number,box(i-4)=""
w !!
}
elseif i>1,i'=5,i'=9,i'=13,number=box(i-1) {
s box(i)=number,box(i-1)=""
w !!
}
elseif i<16,i'=4,i'=8,i'=12,number=box(i+1) {
s box(i)=number,box(i+1)=""
w !!
}
elseif i<13,number=box(i+4) {
s box(i)=number,box(i+4)=""
w !!
}
else {
w !,"You have to enter a number either above, below, left or right of the empty space."
}
}
}
q
Nim
import random, strutils type Tile = uint8 Board = array[16, Tile] proc generateBoard: Board = for i in 1..15: while true: let pos = rand 15 if result[pos] == 0: result[pos] = i.Tile break func isSolved(board: Board): bool = for i in 0..<board.high: if i != board[i].int - 1: return false true func findTile(b: Board, n: Tile): int = for i in 0..b.high: if b[i] == n: return i func canSwap(a, b: int): bool = let dist = a - b dist == 4 or dist == -4 or (dist == 1 and a mod 4 != 0) or (dist == -1 and b mod 4 != 0) func pad(i: Tile): string = if i == 0: "| " elif i < 10: "| " & $i else: "|" & $i proc draw(b: Board) = echo "+--+--+--+--+\n", b[0].pad, b[1].pad, b[2].pad, b[3].pad, "|\n+--+--+--+--+\n", b[4].pad, b[5].pad, b[6].pad, b[7].pad, "|\n+--+--+--+--+\n", b[8].pad, b[9].pad, b[10].pad, b[11].pad, "|\n+--+--+--+--+\n", b[12].pad, b[13].pad, b[14].pad, b[15].pad, "|\n+--+--+--+--+" when isMainModule: randomize() var board = generateBoard() empty = board.findTile 0 while not isSolved board: draw board stdout.write "Choose tile to move: " let num = stdin.readLine.parseInt.Tile pos = board.findTile num if num < 16'u8 and num > 0'u8 and canSwap(empty, pos): swap board[empty], board[pos] empty = pos else: echo "Incorrect tile" draw board echo "Puzzle solved"
{{out}}
+--+--+--+--+
| 3| 7|10| 4|
+--+--+--+--+
| 5| | 6|11|
+--+--+--+--+
|12| 8|15| 1|
+--+--+--+--+
| 9|14|13| 2|
+--+--+--+--+
Choose tile to move: 6
+--+--+--+--+
| 3| 7|10| 4|
+--+--+--+--+
| 5| 6| |11|
+--+--+--+--+
|12| 8|15| 1|
+--+--+--+--+
| 9|14|13| 2|
+--+--+--+--+
OCaml
module Puzzle = struct type t = int array let make () = [| 15; (* 0: the empty space *) 0; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13; 14; |] let move p n = let hole, i = p.(0), p.(n) in p.(0) <- i; p.(n) <- hole let print p = let out = Array.make 16 " " in for i = 1 to 15 do out.(p.(i)) <- Printf.sprintf " %2d" i done; for i = 0 to 15 do if (i mod 4) = 0 then print_newline (); print_string out.(i); done let shuffle p n = for i = 1 to n do move p (1 + Random.int 15) done end let play () = let p = Puzzle.make () in Puzzle.shuffle p 20; while true do Puzzle.print p; print_string " > "; Puzzle.move p (read_line () |> int_of_string) done
To move, input the number to slide into the blank. If you accidentally make an impossible move you can undo it by repeating the last input. A nice self-checked puzzle, the same as if you were physically moving the pieces around.
{{out}}
# play ();;
8 11 7 13
3 6 15
9 10 12 4
1 5 14 2 > 6
8 11 7 13
3 6 15
9 10 12 4
1 5 14 2 > 11
8 7 13
3 11 6 15
9 10 12 4
1 5 14 2 > 8
8 7 13
3 11 6 15
9 10 12 4
1 5 14 2 > 3
3 8 7 13
11 6 15
9 10 12 4
1 5 14 2 > 11
3 8 7 13
11 6 15
9 10 12 4
1 5 14 2 > 8
3 7 13
11 8 6 15
9 10 12 4
1 5 14 2 > 3
3 7 13
11 8 6 15
9 10 12 4
1 5 14 2 >
Pascal
This is Free Pascal(version >= 3.0.4) text mode implementation. To make a move, the user needs to enter the number of the selected tile.
program fifteen; {$mode objfpc} {$modeswitch advancedrecords} {$coperators on} uses SysUtils, crt; type TPuzzle = record private const ROW_COUNT = 4; COL_COUNT = 4; CELL_COUNT = ROW_COUNT * COL_COUNT; RAND_RANGE = 101; type TTile = 0..Pred(CELL_COUNT); TAdjacentCell = (acLeft, acTop, acRight, acBottom); TPossibleMoves = set of TTile; TCellAdjacency = set of TAdjacentCell; TBoard = array[0..Pred(CELL_COUNT)] of TTile; class var HBar: string; var FBoard: TBoard; FZeroPos, FMoveCount: Integer; FZeroAdjacency: TCellAdjacency; FPossibleMoves: TPossibleMoves; FSolved: Boolean; procedure DoMove(aTile: TTile); procedure CheckPossibleMoves; procedure PrintBoard; procedure PrintPossibleMoves; procedure TestSolved; procedure GenerateBoard; class constructor Init; public procedure New; function UserMoved: Boolean; property MoveCount: Integer read FMoveCount; property Solved: Boolean read FSolved; end; procedure TPuzzle.DoMove(aTile: TTile); var Pos: Integer = -1; Adj: TAdjacentCell; begin for Adj in FZeroAdjacency do begin case Adj of acLeft: Pos := Pred(FZeroPos); acTop: Pos := FZeroPos - COL_COUNT; acRight: Pos := Succ(FZeroPos); acBottom: Pos := FZeroPos + COL_COUNT; end; if FBoard[Pos] = aTile then break; end; FBoard[FZeroPos] := aTile; FZeroPos := Pos; FBoard[Pos] := 0; end; procedure TPuzzle.CheckPossibleMoves; var Row, Col: Integer; begin Row := FZeroPos div COL_COUNT; Col := FZeroPos mod COL_COUNT; FPossibleMoves := []; FZeroAdjacency := []; if Row > 0 then begin FPossibleMoves += [FBoard[FZeroPos - COL_COUNT]]; FZeroAdjacency += [acTop]; end; if Row < Pred(ROW_COUNT) then begin FPossibleMoves += [FBoard[FZeroPos + COL_COUNT]]; FZeroAdjacency += [acBottom]; end; if Col > 0 then begin FPossibleMoves += [FBoard[Pred(FZeroPos)]]; FZeroAdjacency += [acLeft]; end; if Col < Pred(COL_COUNT) then begin FPossibleMoves += [FBoard[Succ(FZeroPos)]]; FZeroAdjacency += [acRight]; end; end; procedure TPuzzle.PrintBoard; const Space = ' '; VBar = '|'; VBar1 = '| '; VBar2 = '| '; VBar3 = '| '; var I, J, Pos, Tile: Integer; Row: string; begin ClrScr; Pos := 0; WriteLn(HBar); for I := 1 to ROW_COUNT do begin Row := ''; for J := 1 to COL_COUNT do begin Tile := Integer(FBoard[Pos]); case Tile of 0: Row += VBar3; 1..9: Row += VBar2 + Tile.ToString + Space; else Row += VBar1 + Tile.ToString + Space; end; Inc(Pos); end; WriteLn(Row + VBar); WriteLn(HBar); end; if not Solved then PrintPossibleMoves; end; procedure TPuzzle.PrintPossibleMoves; var pm: TTile; spm: string = ''; begin for pm in FPossibleMoves do spm += Integer(pm).ToString + ' '; WriteLn('possible moves: ', spm); end; procedure TPuzzle.TestSolved; function IsSolved: Boolean; var I: Integer; begin for I := 0 to CELL_COUNT - 3 do if FBoard[I] <> Pred(FBoard[Succ(I)]) then exit(False); Result := True; end; begin FSolved := IsSolved; if not Solved then CheckPossibleMoves; end; procedure TPuzzle.GenerateBoard; var I, CurrMove, SelMove: Integer; Tile: TTile; begin FZeroPos := Pred(CELL_COUNT); FBoard[FZeroPos] := 0; for I := 0 to CELL_COUNT - 2 do FBoard[I] := Succ(I); for I := 1 to Random(RAND_RANGE) do begin CheckPossibleMoves; SelMove := 0; for Tile in FPossibleMoves do Inc(SelMove); SelMove := Random(SelMove); CurrMove := 0; for Tile in FPossibleMoves do begin if CurrMove = SelMove then begin DoMove(Tile); break; end; Inc(CurrMove); end; end; end; class constructor TPuzzle.Init; var I: Integer; begin HBar := ''; for I := 1 to COL_COUNT do HBar += '+----'; HBar += '+'; end; procedure TPuzzle.New; begin FSolved := False; FMoveCount := 0; GenerateBoard; CheckPossibleMoves; PrintBoard; end; function TPuzzle.UserMoved: Boolean; const Sorry = 'sorry, '; InvalidInput = ' is invalid input'; ImpossibleMove = ' is impossible move'; var UserInput: string; Tile: Integer = 0; begin ReadLn(UserInput); case LowerCase(UserInput) of 'c', 'cancel': exit(False); end; Result := True; if not Tile.TryParse(UserInput, Tile) then begin WriteLn(Sorry, UserInput, InvalidInput); exit; end; if not (Tile in [1..Pred(CELL_COUNT)]) then begin WriteLn(Sorry, Tile, InvalidInput); exit; end; if not (Tile in FPossibleMoves) then begin WriteLn(Sorry, Tile, ImpossibleMove); PrintPossibleMoves; exit; end; DoMove(Tile); Inc(FMoveCount); TestSolved; PrintBoard; end; procedure PrintStart; begin ClrScr; WriteLn('Fifteen puzzle start:'); WriteLn(' enter a tile number and press <enter> to move' ); WriteLn(' enter Cancel(C) and press <enter> to exit' ); Window(10, 4, 58, 21); end; procedure Terminate; begin ClrScr; Window(1, 1, 80, 25); ClrScr; WriteLn('Fifteen puzzle exit.'); Halt; end; function UserWantContinue(aMoveCount: Integer): Boolean; var UserInput: string; begin WriteLn('Congratulations! Puzzle solved in ', aMoveCount, ' moves.'); WriteLn('Play again(Yes(Y)/<any button>)?'); ReadLn(UserInput); case LowerCase(UserInput) of 'y', 'yes': exit(True); end; Result := False; end; procedure Run; var Puzzle: TPuzzle; begin Randomize; PrintStart; repeat Puzzle.New; while not Puzzle.Solved do if not Puzzle.UserMoved then Terminate; if not UserWantContinue(Puzzle.MoveCount) then Terminate; until False; end; begin Run; end.
Perl
Tk version
{{libheader|Tk}} {{libheader|Perl/Tk}} This Tk 15 puzzle implementation also shows the solvability of the current puzzle and the relative difficulty of it. On verbosity shows how the solvability is calculated. The program has some extra feature like font size and color scheme but also the possibility to set the intial board disposition. This program was originally posted by me at [http://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=1192660 perlmonks]
use strict; use warnings; use Getopt::Long; use List::Util 1.29 qw(shuffle pairmap first all); use Tk; # 5 options 1 label text my ($verbose,@fixed,$nocolor,$charsize,$extreme,$solvability); unless (GetOptions ( 'verbose!' => \$verbose, 'tiles|positions=i{16}' => \@fixed, 'nocolor' => \$nocolor, 'charsize|size|c|s=i' => \$charsize, 'extreme|x|perl' => \$extreme, ) ) { die "invalid arguments!";} @fixed = &check_req_pos(@fixed) if @fixed; my $mw = Tk::MainWindow->new(-bg=>'black',-title=>'Giuoco del 15'); if ($nocolor){ $mw->optionAdd( '*Button.background', 'ivory' );} $mw->optionAdd('*Button.font', 'Courier '.($charsize or 16).' bold' ); $mw->bind('<Control-s>', sub{#&init_board; &shuffle_board}); my $top_frame = $mw->Frame( -borderwidth => 2, -relief => 'groove', )->pack(-expand => 1, -fill => 'both'); $top_frame->Label( -textvariable=>\$solvability, )->pack(-expand => 1, -fill => 'both'); my $game_frame = $mw->Frame( -background=>'saddlebrown', -borderwidth => 10, -relief => 'groove', )->pack(-expand => 1, -fill => 'both'); # set victory conditions in pairs of coordinates my @vic_cond = pairmap { [$a,$b] } qw(0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 3 0 3 1 3 2 3 3); my $board = []; my $victorious = 0; &init_board; if ( $extreme ){ &extreme_perl} &shuffle_board; MainLoop; ################################################################################ sub init_board{ # tiles from 1 to 15 for (0..14){ $$board[$_]={ btn=>$game_frame->Button( -text => $_+1, -relief => 'raised', -borderwidth => 3, -height => 2, -width => 4, -background=>$nocolor?'ivory':'gold1', -activebackground => $nocolor?'ivory':'gold1', -foreground=> $nocolor?'black':'DarkRed', -activeforeground=>$nocolor?'black':'DarkRed' ), name => $_+1, # x and y set by shuffle_board }; if (($_+1) =~ /^(2|4|5|7|10|12|13|15)$/ and !$nocolor){ $$board[$_]{btn}->configure( -background=>'DarkRed', -activebackground => 'DarkRed', -foreground=> 'gold1', -activeforeground=>'gold1' ); } } # empty tile $$board[15]={ btn=>$game_frame->Button( -relief => 'sunken', -borderwidth => 3, -background => 'lavender', -height => 2, -width => 4, ), name => 16, # x and y set by shuffle_board }; } ################################################################################ sub shuffle_board{ if ($victorious){ $victorious=0; &init_board; } if (@fixed){ my $index = 0; foreach my $tile(@$board[@fixed]){ my $xy = $vic_cond[$index]; ($$tile{x},$$tile{y}) = @$xy; $$tile{btn}->grid(-row=>$$xy[0], -column=> $$xy[1]); $$tile{btn}->configure(-command =>[\&move,$$xy[0],$$xy[1]]); $index++; } undef @fixed; } else{ my @valid = shuffle (0..15); foreach my $tile ( @$board ){ my $xy = $vic_cond[shift @valid]; ($$tile{x},$$tile{y}) = @$xy; $$tile{btn}->grid(-row=>$$xy[0], -column=> $$xy[1]); $$tile{btn}->configure(-command => [ \&move, $$xy[0], $$xy[1] ]); } } my @appear = map {$_->{name}==16?'X':$_->{name}} sort{$$a{x}<=>$$b{x}||$$a{y}<=>$$b{y}}@$board; print "\n".('-' x 57)."\n". "Appearence of the board:\n[@appear]\n". ('-' x 57)."\n". "current\tfollowers\t less than current\n". ('-' x 57)."\n" if $verbose; # remove the, from now on inutile, 'X' for the empty space @appear = grep{$_ ne 'X'} @appear; my $permutation; foreach my $num (0..$#appear){ last if $num == $#appear; my $perm; $perm += grep {$_ < $appear[$num]} @appear[$num+1..$#appear]; if ($verbose){ print "[$appear[$num]]\t@appear[$num+1..$#appear]". (" " x (37 - length "@appear[$num+1..$#appear]")). "\t $perm ".($num == $#appear - 1 ? '=' : '+')."\n"; } $permutation+=$perm; } print +(' ' x 50)."----\n" if $verbose; if ($permutation % 2){ print "Impossible game with odd permutations!".(' ' x 13). "$permutation\n"if $verbose; $solvability = "Impossible game with odd permutations [$permutation]\n". "(ctrl-s to shuffle)". (($verbose or $extreme) ? '' : " run with --verbose to see more info"); return; } # 105 is the max permutation my $diff = $permutation == 0 ? 'SOLVED' : $permutation < 35 ? 'EASY ' : $permutation < 70 ? 'MEDIUM' : 'HARD '; print "$diff game with even permutations".(' ' x 17). "$permutation\n" if $verbose; $solvability = "$diff game with permutation parity of [$permutation]\n". "(ctrl-s to shuffle)"; } ################################################################################ sub move{ # original x and y my ($ox, $oy) = @_; my $self = first{$_->{x} == $ox and $_->{y} == $oy} @$board; return if $$self{name}==16; # check if one in n,s,e,o is the empty one my $empty = first {$_->{name} == 16 and ( ($_->{x}==$ox-1 and $_->{y}==$oy) or ($_->{x}==$ox+1 and $_->{y}==$oy) or ($_->{x}==$ox and $_->{y}==$oy-1) or ($_->{x}==$ox and $_->{y}==$oy+1) ) } @$board; return unless $empty; # empty x and y my ($ex,$ey) = ($$empty{x},$$empty{y}); # reconfigure emtpy tile $$empty{btn}->grid(-row => $ox, -column => $oy); $$empty{x}=$ox; $$empty{y}=$oy; # reconfigure pressed tile $$self{btn}->grid(-row => $ex, -column => $ey); $$self{btn}->configure(-command => [ \&move, $ex, $ey ]); $$self{x}=$ex; $$self{y}=$ey; # check for victory if the empty one is at the bottom rigth tile (3,3) &check_win if $$empty{x} == 3 and $$empty{y} == 3; } ################################################################################ sub check_win{ foreach my $pos (0..$#$board){ return unless ( $$board[$pos]->{'x'} == $vic_cond[$pos]->[0] and $$board[$pos]->{'y'} == $vic_cond[$pos]->[1]); } # victory! $victorious = 1; my @text = ('Dis','ci','pu','lus','15th','','','at', 'P','e','r','l','M','o','n','ks*'); foreach my $tile(@$board){ $$tile{btn}->configure( -text=> shift @text, -command=>sub{return}); $mw->update; sleep 1; } } ################################################################################ sub check_req_pos{ my @wanted = @_; # fix @wanted: seems GetOptions does not die if more elements are passed @wanted = @wanted[0..15]; my @check = (1..16); unless ( all {$_ == shift @check} sort {$a<=>$b} @wanted ){ die "tiles must be from 1 to 16 (empty tile)\nyou passed [@wanted]\n"; } return map {$_-1} @wanted; } ################################################################################ sub extreme_perl { $verbose = 0; $mw->optionAdd('*font', 'Courier 20 bold'); my @extreme = ( 'if $0', #1 "\$_=\n()=\n\"foo\"=~/o/g", #2 "use warnings;\n\$^W ?\nint((length\n'Discipulus')/3)\n:'15'", #3 "length \$1\nif \$^X=~\n\/(?:\\W)(\\w*)\n(?:\\.exe)\$\/", #4 "use Config;\n\$Config{baserev}", #5. "(split '',\nvec('JAPH'\n,1,8))[0]", #6 "scalar map\n{ord(\$_)=~/1/g}\nqw(p e r l)", #7 "\$_ = () =\n'J A P H'\n=~\/\\b\/g", # 8 "eval join '+',\nsplit '',\n(substr\n'12345',3,2)", #9 'printf \'%b\',2', #10 "int(((1+sqrt(5))\n/ 2)** 7 /\nsqrt(5)+0.5)-2", #11 "split '',\nunpack('V',\n01234567))\n[6,4]", # 12 'J','A','P','H' # 13..16 ); foreach (0..15){ $$board[$_]{btn}->configure(-text=> $extreme[$_], -height => 8, -width => 16, ) if $extreme[$_]; } @fixed = qw(0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15); $mw->after(5000,\&shuffle_board);# }
console version
This short console program just poses solvable puzzles: it achieves this shuffling a solved board n times, where n defaults to 1000 but can be passed as first argument of the program in the command line. It was originally posted by me at [http://www.perlmonks.org/?node_id=1192865 perlmonks] but here a little modification was inserted to prevent wrong numbers to make the board messy.
use strict; use warnings; use List::Util qw(shuffle first); my @tbl = ([1,2,3,4],[5,6,7,8],[9,10,11,12],[13,14,15,16]); my $e = [3,3]; for (1..$ARGV[0]||1000) { my $new = (shuffle &ad($e))[0]; $tbl[$e->[0]][$e->[1]] = $tbl[$new->[0]][$new->[1]]; $tbl[$new->[0]]->[$new->[1]] = 16; $e = [$new->[0],$new->[1]]; } while(1){ print +(join ' ',map{$_==16?' ':sprintf '%02s',$_}@{$tbl[$_]}),"\n" for 0..3; my $m = <STDIN>; chomp $m; die "Enter a number to move!" unless $m; if ($m > 15){ warn "$m not in the board! Enter a tile from 1 to 15\n"; next; } my $tile=first{$tbl[$$_[0]]->[$$_[1]]==$m}map{[$_,0],[$_,1],[$_,2],[$_,3]}0..3; my $new=first{$tbl[$$_[0]]->[$$_[1]]==16}&ad(grep{$tbl[$$_[0]]->[$$_[1]]==$m} map {[$_,0],[$_,1],[$_,2],[$_,3]}0..3); if ($new){$tbl[$$new[0]][$$new[1]]=$m;$tbl[$$tile[0]][$$tile[1]]=16;} system ($^O eq 'MSWin32' ? 'cls' : 'clear'); } sub ad{ my $e = shift; grep {$_->[0]<4 && $_->[1]<4 && $_->[0]>-1 && $_->[1]>-1} [$$e[0]-1,$$e[1]],[$$e[0]+1,$$e[1]],[$$e[0],$$e[1]-1],[$$e[0],$$e[1]+1] }
Perl 6
{{works with|Rakudo|2018.06}} Most of this is interface code. Reused substantial portions from the [[2048#Perl_6|2048]] task. Use the arrow keys to slide tiles, press 'q' to quit or 'n' for a new puzzle. Requires a POSIX termios aware terminal. Ensures that the puzzle is solvable by shuffling the board with an even number of swaps, then checking for even taxicab parity for the empty space.
use Term::termios;
constant $saved = Term::termios.new(fd => 1).getattr;
constant $termios = Term::termios.new(fd => 1).getattr;
# raw mode interferes with carriage returns, so
# set flags needed to emulate it manually
$termios.unset_iflags(<BRKINT ICRNL ISTRIP IXON>);
$termios.unset_lflags(< ECHO ICANON IEXTEN ISIG>);
$termios.setattr(:DRAIN);
# reset terminal to original setting on exit
END { $saved.setattr(:NOW) }
constant n = 4; # board size
constant cell = 6; # cell width
constant $top = join '─' x cell, '┌', '┬' xx n-1, '┐';
constant $mid = join '─' x cell, '├', '┼' xx n-1, '┤';
constant $bot = join '─' x cell, '└', '┴' xx n-1, '┘';
my %dir = (
"\e[A" => 'up',
"\e[B" => 'down',
"\e[C" => 'right',
"\e[D" => 'left',
);
my @solved = [1,2,3,4],[5,6,7,8],[9,10,11,12],[13,14,15,' '];
my @board;
new();
sub new () {
loop {
@board = shuffle();
last if parity-ok(@board);
}
}
sub parity-ok (@b) {
my $row = @b.first(/' '/,:k);
my $col = @b[$row].first(/' '/,:k);
so ([3,3] <<->> [$row,$col]).sum %% 2;
}
sub shuffle () {
my @c = [1,2,3,4],[5,6,7,8],[9,10,11,12],[13,14,15,' '];
for (^16).pick(*) -> $y, $x {
my ($yd, $ym, $xd, $xm) = ($y div n, $y mod n, $x div n, $x mod n);
my $temp = @c[$ym;$yd];
@c[$ym;$yd] = @c[$xm;$xd];
@c[$xm;$xd] = $temp;
}
@c;
}
sub row (@row) { '│' ~ (join '│', @row».¢er) ~ '│' }
sub center ($s){
my $c = cell - $s.chars;
my $pad = ' ' x ceiling($c/2);
sprintf "%{cell}s", "$s$pad";
}
sub draw-board {
run('clear');
print qq:to/END/;
Press direction arrows to move.
Press q to quit. Press n for a new puzzle.
$top
{ join "\n\t$mid\n\t", map { .&row }, @board }
$bot
{ (so @board ~~ @solved) ?? 'Solved!!' !! '' }
END
}
sub slide (@c is copy) {
my $t = (grep { /' '/ }, :k, @c)[0];
return @c unless $t and $t > 0;
@c[$t,$t-1] = @c[$t-1,$t];
@c;
}
proto sub move (|) {*};
multi move('up') {
map { @board[*;$_] = reverse slide reverse @board[*;$_] }, ^n;
}
multi move('down') {
map { @board[*;$_] = slide @board[*;$_] }, ^n;
}
multi move('left') {
map { @board[$_] = reverse slide reverse @board[$_] }, ^n;
}
multi move('right') {
map { @board[$_] = slide @board[$_] }, ^n;
}
loop {
draw-board;
# Read up to 4 bytes from keyboard buffer.
# Page navigation keys are 3-4 bytes each.
# Specifically, arrow keys are 3.
my $key = $*IN.read(4).decode;
move %dir{$key} if so %dir{$key};
last if $key eq 'q'; # (q)uit
new() if $key eq 'n';
}
Sample screen shot:
Press direction arrows to move.
Press q to quit. Press n for a new puzzle.
┌──────┬──────┬──────┬──────┐
│ 2 │ 1 │ 10 │ 14 │
├──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┤
│ 15 │ 11 │ 12 │ │
├──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┤
│ 13 │ 3 │ 6 │ 7 │
├──────┼──────┼──────┼──────┤
│ 9 │ 4 │ 5 │ 8 │
└──────┴──────┴──────┴──────┘
Phix
Kept simple. Obviously, increase the 5 random moves for more of a challenge.
constant ESC=27, UP=328, LEFT=331, RIGHT=333, DOWN=336
sequence board = tagset(15)&0, solve = board
integer pos = 16
procedure print_board()
for i=1 to length(board) do
puts(1,iff(i=pos?" ":sprintf("%3d",{board[i]})))
if mod(i,4)=0 then puts(1,"\n") end if
end for
puts(1,"\n")
end procedure
procedure move(integer d)
integer new_pos = pos+{+4,+1,-1,-4}[d]
if new_pos>=1 and new_pos<=16
and (mod(pos,4)=mod(new_pos,4) -- same col, or row:
or floor((pos-1)/4)=floor((new_pos-1)/4)) then
{board[pos],board[new_pos]} = {board[new_pos],0}
pos = new_pos
end if
end procedure
for i=1 to 5 do move(rand(4)) end for
while 1 do
print_board()
if board=solve then exit end if
integer c = find(wait_key(),{ESC,UP,LEFT,RIGHT,DOWN})-1
if c=0 then exit end if
move(c)
end while
puts(1,"solved!\n")
{{out}}
1 2 3 4
5 6 8
9 10 7 11
13 14 15 12
1 2 3 4
5 6 8
9 10 7 11
13 14 15 12
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11
13 14 15 12
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11
13 14 15 12
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 15
solved!
PureBasic
Console version. All Puzzles are solvable. #Difficulty is the number of shuffle (default 10). Numbers are displayed in Hexadecimal (ie 1 to F) Default controls are u,d,l,r
#difficulty=10 ;higher is harder
#up="u"
#down="d"
#left="l"
#right="r"
OpenConsole("15 game"):EnableGraphicalConsole(1)
Global Dim Game.i(3,3)
Global hole.point
Procedure NewBoard()
num.i=0
For j=0 To 3
For i=0 To 3
Game(i,j)=num
num+1
Next i
Next j
EndProcedure
Procedure.s displayBoard()
For j=0 To 3
For i=0 To 3
ConsoleLocate(i,j)
If Game(i,j)=0:Print(" "):Continue:EndIf
Print(Hex(Game(i,j)))
Next i
Next j
PrintN("")
Print("Your Choice Up :"+#up+", Down :"+#down+", Left :"+#left+" Or Right :"+#right+" ")
Repeat
keypress$=Inkey()
Until keypress$<>""
keypress$=LCase(keypress$)
ProcedureReturn keypress$
EndProcedure
Procedure UpdateBoard(key$)
If key$=#up And hole\y<3
Swap game(hole\x,hole\y),game(hole\x,hole\y+1):hole\y+1
ElseIf key$=#down And hole\y
Swap game(hole\x,hole\y),game(hole\x,hole\y-1):hole\y-1
ElseIf key$=#left And hole\x<3
Swap game(hole\x,hole\y),game(hole\x+1,hole\y):hole\x+1
ElseIf key$=#right And hole\x
Swap game(hole\x,hole\y),game(hole\x-1,hole\y):hole\x-1
EndIf
EndProcedure
Procedure TestGameWin()
For j=0 To 3
For i=0 To 3
num+1
If game(i,j)=num:win+1:EndIf
Next i
Next j
If win=15:ProcedureReturn 1:EndIf
EndProcedure
Procedure ShuffleBoard(difficulty.i)
Dim randomKey$(3)
randomkey$(0)=#up:randomkey$(1)=#down:randomkey$(2)=#left:randomkey$(3)=#right
For i=1 To difficulty
UpdateBoard(randomKey$(Random(3)))
Next i
EndProcedure
NewBoard()
ShuffleBoard(#difficulty)
Repeat
choice$=displayBoard()
UpdateBoard(choice$)
Until TestGameWin()
Print("Won !")
CloseConsole()
1234
5678
9ABC
DEF
Your Choice Up :u, Down :d, Left :l Or Right :r
Python
{{works with|Python|3.X}} '''unoptimized'''
''' Structural Game for 15 - Puzzle with different difficulty levels''' from random import randint class Puzzle: def __init__(self): self.items = {} self.position = None def main_frame(self): d = self.items print('+-----+-----+-----+-----+') print('|%s|%s|%s|%s|' % (d[1], d[2], d[3], d[4])) print('+-----+-----+-----+-----+') print('|%s|%s|%s|%s|' % (d[5], d[6], d[7], d[8])) print('+-----+-----+-----+-----+') print('|%s|%s|%s|%s|' % (d[9], d[10], d[11], d[12])) print('+-----+-----+-----+-----+') print('|%s|%s|%s|%s|' % (d[13], d[14], d[15], d[16])) print('+-----+-----+-----+-----+') def format(self, ch): ch = ch.strip() if len(ch) == 1: return ' ' + ch + ' ' elif len(ch) == 2: return ' ' + ch + ' ' elif len(ch) == 0: return ' ' def change(self, to): fro = self.position for a, b in self.items.items(): if b == self.format(str(to)): to = a break self.items[fro], self.items[to] = self.items[to], self.items[fro] self.position = to def build_board(self, difficulty): for i in range(1, 17): self.items[i] = self.format(str(i)) tmp = 0 for a, b in self.items.items(): if b == ' 16 ': self.items[a] = ' ' tmp = a break self.position = tmp if difficulty == 0: diff = 10 elif difficulty == 1: diff = 50 else: diff = 100 for _ in range(diff): lst = self.valid_moves() lst1 = [] for j in lst: lst1.append(int(j.strip())) self.change(lst1[randint(0, len(lst1)-1)]) def valid_moves(self): pos = self.position if pos in [6, 7, 10, 11]: return self.items[pos - 4], self.items[pos - 1],\ self.items[pos + 1], self.items[pos + 4] elif pos in [5, 9]: return self.items[pos - 4], self.items[pos + 4],\ self.items[pos + 1] elif pos in [8, 12]: return self.items[pos - 4], self.items[pos + 4],\ self.items[pos - 1] elif pos in [2, 3]: return self.items[pos - 1], self.items[pos + 1], self.items[pos + 4] elif pos in [14, 15]: return self.items[pos - 1], self.items[pos + 1],\ self.items[pos - 4] elif pos == 1: return self.items[pos + 1], self.items[pos + 4] elif pos == 4: return self.items[pos - 1], self.items[pos + 4] elif pos == 13: return self.items[pos + 1], self.items[pos - 4] elif pos == 16: return self.items[pos - 1], self.items[pos - 4] def game_over(self): flag = False for a, b in self.items.items(): if b == ' ': pass else: if a == int(b.strip()): flag = True else: flag = False return flag g = Puzzle() g.build_board(int(input('Enter the difficulty : 0 1 2\n2 ' '=> highest 0=> lowest\n'))) g.main_frame() print('Enter 0 to exit') while True: print('Hello user:\nTo change the position just enter the no. near it') lst = g.valid_moves() lst1 = [] for i in lst: lst1.append(int(i.strip())) print(i.strip(), '\t', end='') print() x = int(input()) if x == 0: break elif x not in lst1: print('Wrong move') else: g.change(x) g.main_frame() if g.game_over(): print('You WON') break
Enter the difficulty : 0 1 2
2 => highest 0=> lowest
1
+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 1 | 7 | 2 | 4 |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 5 | 6 | 3 | 12 |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 9 | 8 | 11 | 15 |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 13 | 10 | 14 | |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+
Enter 0 to exit
Hello user:
To change the position just enter the no. near it
14 15
14
+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 1 | 7 | 2 | 4 |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 5 | 6 | 3 | 12 |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 9 | 8 | 11 | 15 |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+
| 13 | 10 | | 14 |
+-----+-----+-----+-----+
Hello user:
To change the position just enter the no. near it
10 14 11
QB64
_TITLE "GUI Sliding Blocks Game "
RANDOMIZE TIMER
' get from user the desired board size = s
DO
LOCATE CSRLIN, 3: INPUT "(0 quits) Enter your number of blocks per side 3 - 9 you want > ", s
IF s = 0 THEN END
LOOP UNTIL s > 2 AND s < 10
' screen setup: based on the square blocks q pixels a sides
q = 540 / s 'square size, shoot for 540 x 540 pixel board display
SCREEN _NEWIMAGE(q * s + 1, q * s + 1, 32): _SCREENMOVE 360, 60
'initialize board = solution
DIM board(s, s)
FOR r = 1 TO s
FOR c = 1 TO s
board(c, r) = c + (r - 1) * s
NEXT
NEXT
board(s, s) = 0: c0 = s: r0 = s
'scramble board for puzzle
FOR i = 0 TO s ^ 5 ' mix blocks
SELECT CASE INT(RND * 4) + 1
CASE 1: IF c0 < s THEN board(c0, r0) = board(c0 + 1, r0): board(c0 + 1, r0) = 0: c0 = c0 + 1
CASE 2: IF c0 > 1 THEN board(c0, r0) = board(c0 - 1, r0): board(c0 - 1, r0) = 0: c0 = c0 - 1
CASE 3: IF r0 < s THEN board(c0, r0) = board(c0, r0 + 1): board(c0, r0 + 1) = 0: r0 = r0 + 1
CASE 4: IF r0 > 1 THEN board(c0, r0) = board(c0, r0 - 1): board(c0, r0 - 1) = 0: r0 = r0 - 1
END SELECT
NEXT
t = TIMER: update = -1 'OK user here you go!
DO
IF update THEN 'display status and determine if solved
solved = -1: update = 0
FOR r = 1 TO s
FOR c = 1 TO s
IF board(c, r) THEN
IF board(c, r) <> (r - 1) * s + c THEN solved = 0
COLOR _RGB32(255, 255, 255), _RGB32(0, 0, 255)
LINE ((c - 1) * q + 1, (r - 1) * q + 2)-(c * q - 2, r * q - 2), _RGB32(0, 0, 255), BF
_PRINTSTRING ((c - 1) * q + .4 * q, (r - 1) * q + .4 * q), RIGHT$(" " + STR$(board(c, r)), 2)
ELSE
IF board(s, s) <> 0 THEN solved = 0
COLOR _RGB32(0, 0, 0), _RGB32(0, 0, 0)
LINE ((c - 1) * q, (r - 1) * q)-(c * q, r * q), , BF
END IF
NEXT
NEXT
IF solved THEN 'flash the Solved Report until user closes window else report status
_DISPLAY
flash$ = "Solved!" + STR$(mc) + " Moves in " + STR$(INT(TIMER - t)) + " secs."
WHILE 1: _TITLE flash$: _DELAY .2: _TITLE " ": _DELAY .2: WEND
ELSE
_TITLE STR$(mc) + " Moves in " + STR$(INT(TIMER - t)) + " secs." + STR$(test)
END IF
_DISPLAY
END IF
'get next mouse click, check if on block next to empty space make move or beep
m = _MOUSEINPUT: mb = _MOUSEBUTTON(1): mx = _MOUSEX: my = _MOUSEY
IF mb AND solved = 0 THEN 'get last place mouse button was down
mb = _MOUSEBUTTON(1): mx = _MOUSEX: my = _MOUSEY
WHILE mb 'left button down, wait for mouse button release
m = _MOUSEINPUT: mb = _MOUSEBUTTON(1): mx = _MOUSEX: my = _MOUSEY
WEND
'convert mouse position to board array (x, y) are we near empty space?
bx = INT(mx / q) + 1: by = INT(my / q) + 1: update = -1
IF bx = c0 + 1 AND by = r0 THEN
board(c0, r0) = board(c0 + 1, r0): board(c0 + 1, r0) = 0: c0 = c0 + 1: mc = mc + 1
ELSEIF bx = c0 - 1 AND by = r0 THEN
board(c0, r0) = board(c0 - 1, r0): board(c0 - 1, r0) = 0: c0 = c0 - 1: mc = mc + 1
ELSEIF bx = c0 AND by = r0 + 1 THEN
board(c0, r0) = board(c0, r0 + 1): board(c0, r0 + 1) = 0: r0 = r0 + 1: mc = mc + 1
ELSEIF bx = c0 AND by = r0 - 1 THEN
board(c0, r0) = board(c0, r0 - 1): board(c0, r0 - 1) = 0: r0 = r0 - 1: mc = mc + 1
ELSE
BEEP
END IF
END IF
LOOP
R
The inputs are w,a,s,d and they refer to the direction in which the adjacent piece moves into the empty space. For example, on a solved puzzle, "d" would move the 15 to the right.
puz15<-function(scramble.length=100){ m=matrix(c(1:15,0),byrow=T,ncol=4) scramble=sample(c("w","a","s","d"),scramble.length,replace=T) for(i in 1:scramble.length){ m=move(m,scramble[i]) } win=F turn=0 while(!win){ print.puz(m) newmove=getmove() if(newmove=="w"|newmove=="a"|newmove=="s"|newmove=="d"){ m=move(m,newmove) turn=turn+1 } else{ cat("Input not recognized","\n") } if(!(F %in% m==matrix(c(1:15,0),byrow=T,ncol=4))){ win=T } } print.puz(m) cat("\n") print("You win!") cat("\n","It took you",turn,"moves.","\n") } getmove<-function(){ direction<-readline(prompt="Move:") return(direction) } move<-function(m,direction){ if(direction=="w"){ m=move.u(m) } else if(direction=="s"){ m=move.d(m) } else if(direction=="a"){ m=move.l(m) } else if(direction=="d"){ m=move.r(m) } return(m) } move.u<-function(m){ if(0 %in% m[4,]){} else{ pos=which(m==0) m[pos]=m[pos+1] m[pos+1]=0 } return(m) } move.d<-function(m){ if(0 %in% m[1,]){} else{ pos=which(m==0) m[pos]=m[pos-1] m[pos-1]=0 } return(m) } move.l<-function(m){ if(0 %in% m[,4]){return(m)} else{return(t(move.u(t(m))))} } move.r<-function(m){ if(0 %in% m[,1]){return(m)} else{return(t(move.d(t(m))))} } print.puz<-function(m){ cat("+----+----+----+----+","\n") for(r in 1:4){ string="|" for(c in 1:4){ if(m[r,c]==0) string=paste(string," |",sep="") else if(m[r,c]<10) string=paste(string," ",m[r,c]," |",sep="") else string=paste(string," ",m[r,c]," |",sep="") } cat(string,"\n","+----+----+----+----+","\n",sep="") } }
Sample output:
> puz15(scramble.length=4)
+----+----+----+----+
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 9 | 10 | | 12 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 13 | 14 | 11 | 15 |
+----+----+----+----+
Move:w
+----+----+----+----+
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 13 | 14 | | 15 |
+----+----+----+----+
Move:a
+----+----+----+----+
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 13 | 14 | 15 | |
+----+----+----+----+
[1] "You win!"
It took you 2 moves.
Racket
This is a GUI game; and there are difficulties getting screen shots onto RC. Use the arrow keys to slide the ''blank'' square.
It uses the 2htdp/universe package.
#lang racket/base
(require 2htdp/universe 2htdp/image racket/list racket/match)
(define ((fifteen->pict (finished? #f)) fifteen)
(for/fold ((i (empty-scene 0 0))) ((r 4))
(define row
(for/fold ((i (empty-scene 0 0))) ((c 4))
(define v (list-ref fifteen (+ (* r 4) c)))
(define cell
(if v
(overlay/align
"center" "center"
(rectangle 50 50 'outline (if finished? "white" "blue"))
(text (number->string v) 30 "black"))
(rectangle 50 50 'solid (if finished? "white" "powderblue"))))
(beside i cell)))
(above i row)))
(define (move-space fifteen direction)
(define idx (for/first ((i (in-naturals)) (x fifteen) #:unless x) i))
(define-values (row col) (quotient/remainder idx 4))
(define dest (+ idx (match direction
['l #:when (> col 0) -1]
['r #:when (< col 3) 1]
['u #:when (> row 0) -4]
['d #:when (< row 3) 4]
[else 0])))
(list-set (list-set fifteen idx (list-ref fifteen dest)) dest #f))
(define (key-move-space fifteen a-key)
(cond [(key=? a-key "left") (move-space fifteen 'l)]
[(key=? a-key "right") (move-space fifteen 'r)]
[(key=? a-key "up") (move-space fifteen 'u)]
[(key=? a-key "down") (move-space fifteen 'd)]
[else fifteen]))
(define (shuffle-15 fifteen shuffles)
(for/fold ((rv fifteen)) ((_ shuffles))
(move-space rv (list-ref '(u d l r) (random 4)))))
(define fifteen0 '(1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 #f))
(define (solved-world? w) (equal? w fifteen0))
(big-bang (shuffle-15 fifteen0 200)
(name "Fifteen")
(to-draw (fifteen->pict))
(stop-when solved-world? (fifteen->pict #t))
(on-key key-move-space))
Rebol
rebol [] random/seed now g: [style t box red [
if not find [0x108 108x0 0x-108 -108x0] face/offset - e/offset [exit]
x: face/offset face/offset: e/offset e/offset: x] across
] x: random repeat i 15 [append x:[] i] repeat i 15 [
repend g ['t mold x/:i random white] if find [4 8 12] i [append g 'return]
] append g [e: box] view layout g
REXX
This REXX version allows the user to specify the size of the puzzle ('''N''', where '''NxN''' is the size of the puzzle).
With some more complexity, the REXX computer program could be changed to allow multiple-tile moves (so that, for instance, three tiles could be slid to the right).
Over half of the REXX program has to do with input validation and presentation of the puzzle (grid).
/*REXX pgm implements the 15─puzzle (AKA: Gem Puzzle, Boss Puzzle, Mystic Square, 14─15)*/
parse arg N seed . /*obtain optional arguments from the CL*/
if N=='' | N=="," then N=4 /*Not specified? Then use the default.*/
if datatype(seed, 'W') then call random ,,seed /*use repeatability seed for RANDOM BIF*/
nh= N**2; @.=; nn= nh - 1; w= length(nn) /*define/initialize some handy values. */
$= /*$: will hold the solution for testing*/
do i=1 for nn; $= $ i /* [◄] build a solution for testing. */
end /*i*/
done=$ /* [↓] scramble the tiles in puzzle. */
do j=1 for nn; a= random(1, words($) ); @.j= word($, a); $= delword($, a, 1)
end /*j*/
/*════════════════════════════════════════════════ play the 15─puzzle 'til done or quit.*/
do until puzz==done & @.nh=='' /*perform moves until puzzle is solved.*/
call getmv /*get user's move(s) and validate it.*/
if errMsg\=='' then do; say sep errMsg; iterate /*possible error msg? */
end
call showGrid 0 /*don't display puzzle, just find hole.*/
if wordpos(x, !)==0 then do; say sep 'tile ' x " can't be moved."; iterate
end
@.hole= x; @.tile=
call showGrid 0 /*move specified tile ───► puzzle hole.*/
end /*until*/
call showGrid 1; say; say sep 'Congratulations! The' nn"-puzzle is solved."
exit /*stick a fork in it, we're all done. */
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
getmv: x=0; sep= copies('─', 8); pad= left('', 1 + length(sep) ) /*pad=9 blanks*/
prompt= sep 'Please enter a tile number or numbers ' sep " (or Quit)."
if queued()==0 then do; say; call showGrid 1; say; say prompt
end
parse pull x . 1 ox . 1 . zx; upper x /*obtain a number (or numbers) from CL.*/
if abbrev('QUIT', x, 1) then do; say; say; say sep "quitting."; exit
end
if words(zx)>0 then do; parse var zx xq; queue xq
end /* [↑] Extra moves? Stack for later. */
select /* [↓] Check for possible errors/typos*/
when x=='' then errMsg= "nothing entered."
when \datatype(x, 'N') then errMsg= "tile number isn't numeric: " ox
when \datatype(x, 'W') then errMsg= "tile number isn't an integer: " ox
when x=0 then errMsg= "tile number can't be zero: " ox
when x<0 then errMsg= "tile number can't be negative: " ox
when x>nn then errMsg= "tile number can't be greater than" nn
otherwise errMsg=
end /*select*/ /* [↑] verify the human entered data. */
return
/*──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────*/
showGrid: parse arg show; !.=; x= x/1; #= 0; puzz=
top= '╔'copies( copies("═", w)'╦', N); top= left( top, length(top) -1)"╗"
bar= '╠'copies( copies("═", w)'╬', N); bar= left( bar, length(bar) -1)"╣"
bot= '╚'copies( copies("═", w)'╩', N); bot= left( bot, length(bot) -1)"╝"
if show then say pad top
do r=1 for N; z= '║'
do c=1 for N; #= #+1; y= @.#; puzz= puzz y; !.r.c= y
_= right(@.#, w)"║"; z= z || _ /* [↓] find hole*/
if @.# == '' then do; hole= #; holeRow= r; holeCol= c; end
if @.# == x then do; tile= #; tileRow= r; tileCol= c; end
end /*c*/ /* [↑] find X. */
if show then do; say pad z; if r\==N then say pad bar; end
end /*r*/
rm=holeRow-1; rp=holeRow+1; cm=holeCol-1; cp=holeCol+1 /*possible moves.*/
!=!.rm.holeCol !.rp.holeCol !.holeRow.cm !.holeRow.cp /* legal moves.*/
if show then say pad bot; return
{{out|output|text= when using the default input:}}
╔══╦══╦══╦══╗
║10║ 7║ 8║11║
╠══╬══╬══╬══╣
║ 4║ 3║15║ 1║
╠══╬══╬══╬══╣
║ 9║12║ 2║13║
╠══╬══╬══╬══╣
║14║ 5║ 6║ ║
╚══╩══╩══╩══╝
──────── Please enter a tile number or numbers ──────── (or Quit).
13 ◄■■■■■■■■■■ user input.
╔══╦══╦══╦══╗
║10║ 7║ 8║11║
╠══╬══╬══╬══╣
║ 4║ 3║15║ 1║
╠══╬══╬══╬══╣
║ 9║12║ 2║ ║
╠══╬══╬══╬══╣
║14║ 5║ 6║13║
╚══╩══╩══╩══╝
──────── Please enter a tile number or numbers ──────── (or Quit).
1 15 3 ◄■■■■■■■■■■ user input.
╔══╦══╦══╦══╗
║10║ 7║ 8║11║
╠══╬══╬══╬══╣
║ 4║ ║ 3║15║
╠══╬══╬══╬══╣
║ 9║12║ 2║ 1║
╠══╬══╬══╬══╣
║14║ 5║ 6║13║
╚══╩══╩══╩══╝
──────── Please enter a tile number or numbers ──────── (or Quit).
quit ◄■■■■■■■■■■ user input.
──────── quitting.
Ring
CalmoSoft [[wp:15_puzzle|Fifteen Puzzle Game]] written in Ring Programming Language (http://ring-lang.net)
Video: [https://www.google.com/url?q=https%3A%2F%2F1drv.ms%2Fv%2Fs!AqDUIunCqVnIg0J6sL9df0JcV2TY&sa=D&sntz=1&usg=AFQjCNEFaWD8AqElMZK3KGnRKDhKxCO1Sw CalmoSoft Fifteen Puzzle Game Video]
Output Image: [https://1drv.ms/i/s!AqDUIunCqVnIg0zg_d-lOM8CfLdM CalmoSoft Fifteen Puzzle Game Image]
The code:
# Project : CalmoSoft Fifteen Puzzle Game (Under Development)
load "guilib.ring"
app1 = new qapp {
stylefusionblack()
empty = 16
nrMoves = 0
nrSleep = 1
butSize = 4
curBut = 4
temp = 0
flaginit = 0
flagsave = 0
flagmove = 0
button = list(52)
sizebtn = list(7)
table1 = []
table2 = []
table3 = []
nDegree = 0
nrDegree = [0,90,180,270 ,-90,-180,-270]
nDegreeRight = 0
nDegreeLeft = 0
btnDegree = newlist(52,2)
CounterMan = 0
t1 = 0
win1 = new qwidget() {
move(0,0)
resize(380,760)
setwindowtitle("CalmoSoft Fifteen Puzzle Game")
for n=1 to 52
for m=1 to 2
btnDegree[n][m] = 0
next
next
for n = 4 to 7
sizebtn[n] = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
col = n%4
setgeometry(100+col*40,60,40,40)
settext(string(n) + "x" + string(n))
setclickevent("newsize(" + string(n) + ")")
}
next
btnMoves = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,260,80,40)
settext("0")
show()
}
scramblebtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,300,160,40)
settext("Scramble")
setclickevent("scramble()")
}
resetbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,340,160,40)
settext("Reset")
setclickevent("resettiles()")
}
savebtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,380,160,40)
settext("Save Game")
setclickevent("pSave()")
}
playbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,420,160,40)
settext("Resume Game")
setclickevent("pPlay()")
}
sleepbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,460,160,40)
settext("Sleep Time: ")
}
decbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(220,460,40,40)
settext("<-")
setclickevent("pDecSleep()")
}
incbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(260,460,40,40)
settext("->")
setclickevent("pIncSleep()")
}
rightbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,500,160,40)
settext("In the Right Place : ")
}
timebtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,540,160,40)
settext("Elapsed Time : ")
}
TimerMan = new qtimer(win1)
{
setinterval(500)
settimeoutevent("pTime()")
stop()
}
newsize(4)
show()
}
exec()
}
Func newlist x, y
if isstring(x) x=0+x ok
if isstring(y) y=0+y ok
alist = list(x)
for t in alist
t = list(y)
next
return alist
func scramble
for n= 1 to 1000
curBut=random(butSize*butSize-1)+1
up = (empty = (curBut - butSize))
down = (empty = (curBut + butSize))
left = ((empty = (curBut - 1)) and ((curBut % butSize) != 1))
right = ((empty = (curBut + 1)) and ((curBut % butSize) != 0))
move = up or down or left or right
if move = 1
button[curBut] { temp2 = text() }
col = empty%butSize
if col = 0 col = butSize ok
row = ceil(empty/butSize)
button[empty] {
setgeometry(60+col*40,60+row*40,40,40)
rnd = random(6)+1
nDegree = nrDegree[rnd]
button[empty].setbuttoncolor("yellow")
button[empty].settext(temp2)
button[empty].setClickEvent("movetile(" + string(empty) +")")
btnDegree[empty] [1] = temp2
btnDegree[empty] [2] = nDegree
}
button[curBut].setbuttoncolor("yellow")
btnDegree[curBut][2] = 0
button[curBut]{settext("")}
empty = curBut
ok
next
button[butSize*butSize+2]{settext("Here")}
for n=1 to butSize*butSize
button[n].setbuttoncolor("yellow")
next
table1 = []
table2 = []
table3 = []
for n = 1 to butSize*butSize
add(table1, button[n].text())
add(table2, button[n].text())
add(table3, string(btnDegree[n][2]))
next
add(table1, string(empty))
add(table2, string(empty))
add(table3, string(empty))
add(table1, "OK")
add(table2, "OK")
add(table3, "OK")
flagsave = 0
flagmove = 0
nrMoves = 0
btnMoves.settext(string(nrMoves))
timebtn.settext("Elapsed Time : ")
t1 = clock()
rightPlace()
return
func movetile curBut2
if (curBut2 = butSize*butSize-1 and button[curBut2].text() = "In")
pBack()
else
see char(7)
up = (empty = (curBut2 - butSize))
down = (empty = (curBut2 + butSize))
left = ((empty = (curBut2- 1)) and ((curBut2 % butSize) != 1))
right = ((empty = (curBut2 + 1)) and ((curBut2 % butSize) != 0))
move = up or down or left or right
if move = 1
temp2 = button[curBut2].text()
btnDegree[empty][1] = temp2
add(table1, temp2)
add(table2, string(curBut2))
col = empty%butSize
if col = 0 col = butSize ok
row = ceil(empty/butSize)
button[empty] {
setgeometry(60+col*40,60+row*40,40,40)
nDegree = btnDegree[curBut2][2]
btnDegree[empty][2] = nDegree
button[empty].setbuttoncolor("orange")
button[empty].settext(temp2)
}
add(table3, string(nDegree))
button[curBut2].setbuttoncolor("cyan")
button[curBut2]{settext("")}
empty = curBut2
nrMoves = nrMoves + 1
btnMoves.settext(string(nrMoves))
isGameOver()
ok
ok
flagmove = 1
pElapsedTime()
rightPlace()
return
func resettiles
nDegree = 0
empty = butSize*butSize
for empty = 1 to butSize*butSize-1
btnDegree[empty][2] = 0
nDegree = 0
btnDegree[empty][1] = string(empty)
button[empty].setstylesheet("background-color:yellow")
button[empty] {settext(string(empty))}
next
button[butSize*butSize].setstylesheet("background-color:yellow")
button[butSize*butSize] {settext("")}
table1 = []
table2 = []
table3 = []
for n = 1 to butSize*butSize
add(table1, button[n].text())
add(table2, button[n].text())
add(table3, string(btnDegree[n][2]))
next
add(table1, string(empty))
add(table2, string(empty))
add(table3, string(empty))
add(table1, "OK")
add(table2, "OK")
add(table3, "OK")
flagsave = 0
flagmove = 0
nrMoves = 0
btnMoves.settext(string(nrMoves))
timebtn.settext("Elapsed Time : ")
t1 = clock()
rightPlace()
return
func pHere
if button[butSize*butSize-1].text() != "" and button[butSize*butSize+2].text() = "Here"
button[butSize*butSize-1] { temp = text() }
button[butSize*butSize+2].close()
button[butSize*butSize+2] = new ButtonWithRotatedText(win1)
button[butSize*butSize+2] {
setgeometry(60+(butSize-1)*40,60+(butSize+1)*40,40,40)
setstylesheet("background-color:yellow")
btnDegree[butSize*butSize+2][2] = btnDegree[butSize*butSize-1][2]
nDegree = btnDegree[butSize*butSize+2][2]
emptysave = empty
empty = butSize*butSize+2
btnDegree[empty][1] = temp
settext(temp)
}
nDegree = 0
empty = butSize*butSize-1
btnDegree[empty][1] = "In"
button[butSize*butSize-1]{settext("In")}
for n = 1 to butSize*butSize
button[n].setenabled(false)
next
button[butSize*butSize-1].setenabled(true)
scramblebtn.setenabled(false)
resetbtn.setenabled(false)
savebtn.setenabled(false)
playbtn.setenabled(false)
empty = emptysave
ok
func pBack
button[butSize*butSize+2] { temp = text() }
nDegree = btnDegree[butSize*butSize+2][2]
btnDegree[butSize*butSize-1][2] = btnDegree[butSize*butSize+2][2]
emptysave = empty
empty = butSize*butSize-1
btnDegree[empty][1] = temp
button[butSize*butSize-1] {settext(temp)}
button[butSize*butSize+2].close()
button[butSize*butSize+2] = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(60+(butSize-1)*40,60+(butSize+1)*40,40,40)
settext("Here")
setclickevent("pHere()")
show()
}
for n = 1 to butSize*butSize
button[n].setenabled(true)
next
scramblebtn.setenabled(true)
resetbtn.setenabled(true)
savebtn.setenabled(true)
playbtn.setenabled(true)
empty = emptysave
isGameOver()
func rotateleft
if button[butSize*butSize+2].text() != "Here"
button[butSize*butSize+2].close()
button[butSize*butSize+2] = new ButtonWithRotatedText(win1)
button[butSize*butSize+2] {
setgeometry(60+(butSize-1)*40,60+(butSize+1)*40,40,40)
setstylesheet("background-color:yellow")
nDegreeLeft = (nDegreeLeft-90)%360
nDegree = nDegreeLeft
btnDegree[butSize*butSize+2][2] = nDegree
emptysave = empty
empty = butSize*butSize+2
btnDegree[empty][1] = temp
button[butSize*butSize+2]{settext(temp)}
}
empty = emptysave
ok
func rotateright
if button[butSize*butSize+2].text() != "Here"
button[butSize*butSize+2].close()
button[butSize*butSize+2] = new ButtonWithRotatedText(win1)
button[butSize*butSize+2] {
setgeometry(60+(butSize-1)*40,60+(butSize+1)*40,40,40)
setstylesheet("background-color:yellow")
nDegreeRight = (nDegreeRight+90)%360
nDegree = nDegreeRight
btnDegree[butSize*butSize+2][2] = nDegree
emptysave = empty
empty = butSize*butSize+2
btnDegree[empty][1] = temp
button[butSize*butSize+2]{settext(temp)}
}
empty = emptysave
ok
func newsize curBut
win1{
sizenew = curBut%4
win1.resize(360+sizenew*40,640+sizenew*40)
if flaginit != 0
for nb = 1 to butSize*butSize+3
button[nb] {close()}
next
btnMoves.close()
ok
scramblebtn.close()
resetbtn.close()
savebtn.close()
playbtn.close()
btnMoves.close()
sleepbtn.close()
decbtn.close()
incbtn.close()
rightbtn.close()
timebtn.close()
for n = 1 to curBut*curBut
col = n%curBut
if col = 0 col = curBut ok
row = ceil(n/curBut)
button[n] = new ButtonWithRotatedText(win1)
button[n] {
setgeometry(60+col*40,60+row*40,40,40)
button[n].setbuttoncolor("yellow")
nDegree = 0
if n < curBut*curBut
button[n].settext(string(n))
but n = curBut*curBut
button[n].settext("")
ok
setClickEvent("movetile(" + string(n) +")")
}
next
btnMoves = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,60+(curBut+1)*40,(curBut-3)*40,40)
setStyleSheet("text-align:center")
settext("0")
show()
}
button[curBut*curBut+1] = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(60+(curBut-2)*40,60+(curBut+1)*40,40,40)
settext("<-")
setclickevent("rotateLeft()")
show()
}
button[curBut*curBut+2] = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(60+(curBut-1)*40,60+(curBut+1)*40,40,40)
settext("Here")
setclickevent("pHere()")
show()
}
button[curBut*curBut+3] = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(60+curBut*40,60+(curBut+1)*40,40,40)
settext("->")
setclickevent("rotateRight()")
show()
}
scramblebtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,100+(curBut+1)*40,curBut*40,40)
settext("Scramble")
setclickevent("scramble()")
show()
}
resetbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,100+(curBut+2)*40,curBut*40,40)
settext("Reset")
setclickevent("resettiles()")
show()
}
savebtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,100+(curBut+3)*40,curBut*40,40)
settext("Save Game")
setclickevent("pSave()")
show()
}
playbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,100+(curBut+4)*40,curBut*40,40)
settext("Resume Game")
setclickevent("pPlay()")
show()
}
sleepbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,100+(curBut+5)*40,(curBut-2)*40,40)
settext("Sleep Time: " + string(nrSleep) + " s")
show()
}
decbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100+(curBut-2)*40,100+(curBut+5)*40,40,40)
settext("<-")
setclickevent("pDecSleep()")
show()
}
incbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100+(curBut-1)*40,100+(curBut+5)*40,40,40)
settext("->")
setclickevent("pIncSleep()")
show()
}
rightbtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,100+(curBut+6)*40,curBut*40,40)
settext("In the Right Place : ")
show()
}
timebtn = new qpushbutton(win1)
{
setgeometry(100,100+(curBut+7)*40,curBut*40,40)
settext("Elapsed Time : ")
show()
}
table1 = []
table2 = []
table3 = []
for n = 1 to butSize*butSize
add(table1, button[n].text())
add(table2, button[n].text())
add(table3, string(0))
next
add(table1, string(empty))
add(table2, string(empty))
add(table3, string(empty))
add(table1, "OK")
add(table2, "OK")
add(table3, "OK")
empty = curBut*curBut
butSize = curBut
flaginit = 1
flagsave = 0
flagmove = 0
nrMoves = 0
timebtn.settext("Elapsed Time : ")
t1 = clock()
scramble()
}
func pSave
textedit1 = list2str(table1)
textedit2 = list2str(table2)
textedit3 = list2str(table3)
chdir(currentdir())
cName1 = "CalmoSoftPuzzle1.txt"
cName2 = "CalmoSoftPuzzle2.txt"
cName3 = "CalmoSoftPuzzle3.txt"
write(cName1,textedit1)
write(cName2,textedit2)
write(cName3,textedit3)
flagsave = 1
timebtn.settext("Elapsed Time : ")
t1 = clock()
return
func pPlay
if flagsave = 0 or flagmove = 0
warning()
else
chdir(currentdir())
cName1 = "CalmoSoftPuzzle1.txt"
textedit1 = read(cName1)
table1 = str2list(textedit1)
cName2 = "CalmoSoftPuzzle2.txt"
textedit2 = read(cName2)
table2 = str2list(textedit2)
cName3 = "CalmoSoftPuzzle3.txt"
textedit3 = read(cName3)
table3 = str2list(textedit3)
for empty = 1 to butSize*butSize
button[empty].setbuttoncolor("yellow")
nDegree = number(table3[empty])
btnDegree[empty][1] = table1[empty]
button[empty] {settext(table1[empty])}
next
empty = number(table1[butSize*butSize + 1])
CounterMan = butSize*butSize+2
nrMoves = 0
t1 = clock()
TimerMan.start()
ok
func pTime()
if flagsave = 0 or flagmove = 0
warning()
else
CounterMan++
pPlaySleep()
sleep(nrSleep*1000)
pElapsedTime()
if CounterMan = len(table1)
TimerMan.stop()
ok
ok
func pPlaySleep
see char(7)
value = table1[CounterMan]
place = table2[CounterMan]
nDegree = number(table3[CounterMan])
btnDegree[empty][1] = value
button[empty].setbuttoncolor("orange")
button[empty] {settext(value)}
nDegree = 0
button[number(place)].setbuttoncolor("cyan")
button[number(place)] {settext("")}
empty = number(place)
nrMoves = nrMoves + 1
btnMoves.settext(string(nrMoves))
func pIncSleep
nrSleep = nrSleep + 1
sleepbtn.settext("Sleep Time: " + string(nrSleep) + " s")
func pDecSleep
if nrSleep > 1
nrSleep = nrSleep - 1
sleepbtn.settext("Sleep Time: " + string(nrSleep) + " s")
ok
func sleep(x)
nTime = x
oTest = new qTest
oTest.qsleep(nTime)
return
func isGameOver
flagend = 1
for n=1 to butSize*butSize-1
if button[n].text() != n or btnDegree[n][2] != 0
flagend = 0
exit
ok
next
if flagend = 1
new qmessagebox(win1) {
setwindowtitle("Game Over")
settext("Congratulations!")
show()
}
ok
func rightPlace
count = 0
for n=1 to butSize*butSize
if button[n].text() = n and btnDegree[n][2] = 0
count = count + 1
ok
next
rightbtn.settext("In the Right Place : " + count)
func warning
new qmessagebox(win1) {
setwindowtitle("Warning!")
settext("First you must play and save the game.")
show()
}
func pElapsedTime
t2 = (clock() - t1)/1000
timebtn.settext("Elapsed Time : " + t2 + " s")
Class ButtonWithRotatedText
oButton oLabel cText="We are here" nDegree = 30 nTransX = 50 nTransY = 0
func init( oParent)
oButton = new qPushButton(oParent)
oLabel = new qLabel(oParent)
oLabel.setAttribute(Qt_WA_TransparentForMouseEvents,True)
oLabel.setAttribute(Qt_WA_DeleteOnClose, True)
oButton.setAttribute(Qt_WA_DeleteOnClose, True)
oButton.Show()
return
func close()
oLabel.close()
oButton.close()
return
func setstylesheet(x)
oButton.setstylesheet(x)
func setgeometry( x,y,width,height)
oButton.setgeometry(x,y,width,height)
oLabel.setgeometry( x,y,width,height)
func setText( cValue)
cText = cValue
return
func Text()
return cText
func setTranslate( x,y )
nTransX = x
nTransY = y
return
func TranslateOffsetX()
return nTransX
func TranslateOffsetY()
return nTransY
func setRotationDegree( nValue)
nDegree = nValue
return
func RotationDegree()
return nDegree
func setClickEvent( cEvent)
oButton.setClickEvent(cEvent)
return
func braceend()
draw()
return
func setEnabled(value)
oButton.setenabled(value)
return
func setButtonColor(color)
colorIt = "background-color:" + color
oButton.setstylesheet(colorIt)
return
func draw()
picture = new qpicture()
color = new qcolor() { setrgb(0,0,255,255) }
pen = new qpen() { setcolor(color) setwidth(10) }
painter = new qpainter()
{
begin(picture)
setpen(pen)
oFont = new qfont("Courier New",12,75,0)
oFont.setpointsize(20)
setfont(oFont)
if nDegree = 0
if btnDegree[empty] [1]="In" p1 = -8 p2=0
translate(p1,p2) ok ok
if nDegree = 0
if btnDegree[empty] [1]<10 p1 = 10 p2=10 else p1=5 p2=10 ok
translate(p1,p2)
but nDegree = 90
if btnDegree[empty] [1]<10 p=-10 else p=-15 ok
translate(10,p)
but nDegree = 180
if btnDegree[empty] [1]<10 p1= 30 p2=-10 else p1=35 p2=-10 ok
translate(p1,p2)
but nDegree = 270
if btnDegree[empty] [1]<10 p=10 else p=15 ok
translate(30,p)
but nDegree = -90
if btnDegree[empty] [1]<10 p=10 else p=15 ok
translate(30,p)
but nDegree = -180
if btnDegree[empty] [1]<10 p1=30 p2=-10 else p1=35 p2=-10 ok
translate(p1,p2)
but nDegree = -270
if btnDegree[empty] [1]<10 p1=10 p2=-10 else p1=10 p2=-15 ok
translate(p1,p2)
ok
rotate(nDegree)
drawtext(0,0,this.Text())
endpaint()
}
oLabel {
setpicture(picture)
show()
}
return
Ruby
require 'io/console' class Board SIZE = 4 RANGE = 0...SIZE def initialize width = (SIZE*SIZE-1).to_s.size @frame = ("+" + "-"*(width+2)) * SIZE + "+" @form = "| %#{width}d " * SIZE + "|" @step = 0 @orign = [*0...SIZE*SIZE].rotate.each_slice(SIZE).to_a.freeze @board = @orign.map{|row | row.dup} randomize draw message play end private def randomize @board[0][0], @board[SIZE-1][SIZE-1] = 0, 1 @board[SIZE-1][0], @board[0][SIZE-1] = @board[0][SIZE-1], @board[SIZE-1][0] x, y, dx, dy = 0, 0, 1, 0 50.times do nx,ny = [[x+dx,y+dy], [x+dy,y-dx], [x-dy,y+dx]] .select{|nx,ny| RANGE.include?(nx) and RANGE.include?(ny)} .sample @board[nx][ny], @board[x][y] = 0, @board[nx][ny] x, y, dx, dy = nx, ny, nx-x, ny-y end @x, @y = x, y end def draw puts "\e[H\e[2J" @board.each do |row| puts @frame puts (@form % row).sub(" 0 ", " ") end puts @frame puts "Step: #{@step}" end DIR = {up: [-1,0], down: [1,0], left: [0,-1], right: [0,1]} def move(direction) dx, dy = DIR[direction] nx, ny = @x + dx, @y + dy if RANGE.include?(nx) and RANGE.include?(ny) @board[nx][ny], @board[@x][@y] = 0, @board[nx][ny] @x, @y = nx, ny @step += 1 draw end end def play until @board == @orign case key_in when "\e[A", "w" then move(:up) when "\e[B", "s" then move(:down) when "\e[C", "d" then move(:right) when "\e[D", "a" then move(:left) when "q","\u0003","\u0004" then exit when "h" then message end end puts "Congratulations, you have won!" end def key_in input = STDIN.getch if input == "\e" 2.times {input << STDIN.getch} end input end def message puts <<~EOM Use the arrow-keys or WASD on your keyboard to push board in the given direction. PRESS q TO QUIT (or Ctrl-C or Ctrl-D) EOM end end Board.new
{{out}}
+----+----+----+----+
| 5 | 7 | 2 | 13 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 6 | | 8 | 12 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 10 | 3 | 1 | 15 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 9 | 4 | 14 | 11 |
+----+----+----+----+
Step: 0
Use the arrow-keys or WASD on your keyboard to push board in the given direction.
PRESS q TO QUIT (or Ctrl-C or Ctrl-D)
Run BASIC
call SetCSS
' ---- fill 15 squares with 1 to 15
dim sq(16)
for i = 1 to 15: sq(i) = i: next
'----- shuffle the squares
[newGame]
for i = 1 to 100 ' Shuffle the squares
j = rnd(0) * 16 + 1
k = rnd(0) * 16 + 1
h = sq(j)
sq(j) = sq(k)
sq(k) = h
next i
' ---- show the squares
[loop]
cls
html "<CENTER><TABLE><TR align=center>"
for i = 1 to 16
html "<TD>"
if sq(i) <> 0 then
button #pick, str$(sq(i)), [pick]
#pick setkey(str$(i))
#pick cssclass("lBtn")
end if
html "</TD>"
if i mod 4 = 0 then html "</TR><TR align=center>"
next i
html "</table>"
wait
' ---- Find what square they picked
[pick]
picked = val(EventKey$)
move = 0 ' 0000000001111111
if picked - 1 > 0 then ' LEFT 1234567890123456
if mid$(" *** *** *** ***",picked,1) = "*" and sq(picked -1) = 0 then move = -1 :end if
if picked + 1 < 17 then ' RIGHT
if mid$("*** *** *** *** ",picked,1) = "*" and sq(picked +1) = 0 then move = 1 :end if
if picked - 4 > 0 then ' UP
if mid$(" ************",picked,1) = "*" and sq(picked -4) = 0 then move = -4 :end if
if picked + 4 < 17 then ' DOWN
if mid$("************ ",picked,1) = "*" and sq(picked +4) = 0 then move = 4 :end if
' ---- See if they picked a valid square next to the blank square
if move = 0 then
print "Invalid move: ";sq(picked)
wait
end if
' ---- Valid squire, switch it with the blank square
sq(picked + move) = sq(picked) ' move to the empty square
sq(picked) = 0
for i = 1 to 15 ' ---- If they got them all in a row they are a winner
if sq(i) <> i then goto [loop]
next i
print "----- You are a winner -----"
input "Play again (Y/N)";a$
if a$ = "Y" then goto [newGame] ' set up new game
end
' ---- Make the squares look nice
SUB SetCSS
CSSClass ".lBtn", "{
background:wheat;border-width:5px;width:70px;
Text-Align:Center;Font-Size:24pt;Font-Weight:Bold;Font-Family:Arial;
}"
END SUB
Output: [[File:KokengeGame15.jpg]]
Rust
{{libheader|rand}}
extern crate rand; use std::collections::HashMap; use std::fmt; use rand::Rng; use rand::seq::SliceRandom; #[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Debug)] enum Cell { Card(usize), Empty, } #[derive(Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Debug)] enum Direction { Up, Down, Left, Right, } enum Action { Move(Direction), Quit, } type Board = [Cell; 16]; const EMPTY: Board = [Cell::Empty; 16]; struct P15 { board: Board, } impl P15 { fn new() -> Self { let mut board = EMPTY; for (i, cell) in board.iter_mut().enumerate().skip(1) { *cell = Cell::Card(i); } let mut rng = rand::thread_rng(); board.shuffle(&mut rng); if !Self::is_valid(board) { // random swap let i = rng.gen_range(0, 16); let mut j = rng.gen_range(0, 16); while j == i { j = rng.gen_range(0, 16); } board.swap(i, j); } Self { board } } fn is_valid(mut board: Board) -> bool { // TODO: optimize let mut permutations = 0; let pos = board.iter().position(|&cell| cell == Cell::Empty).unwrap(); if pos != 15 { board.swap(pos, 15); permutations += 1; } for i in 1..16 { let pos = board .iter() .position(|&cell| match cell { Cell::Card(value) if value == i => true, _ => false, }) .unwrap(); if pos + 1 != i { board.swap(pos, i - 1); permutations += 1; } } permutations % 2 == 0 } fn get_empty_position(&self) -> usize { self.board.iter().position(|&c| c == Cell::Empty).unwrap() } fn get_moves(&self) -> HashMap<Direction, Cell> { let mut moves = HashMap::new(); let i = self.get_empty_position(); if i > 3 { moves.insert(Direction::Up, self.board[i - 4]); } if i % 4 != 0 { moves.insert(Direction::Left, self.board[i - 1]); } if i < 12 { moves.insert(Direction::Down, self.board[i + 4]); } if i % 4 != 3 { moves.insert(Direction::Right, self.board[i + 1]); } moves } fn play(&mut self, direction: &Direction) { let i = self.get_empty_position(); // This is safe because `ask_action` only returns legal moves match *direction { Direction::Up => self.board.swap(i, i - 4), Direction::Left => self.board.swap(i, i - 1), Direction::Right => self.board.swap(i, i + 1), Direction::Down => self.board.swap(i, i + 4), }; } fn is_complete(&self) -> bool { self.board.iter().enumerate().all(|(i, &cell)| match cell { Cell::Card(value) => value == i + 1, Cell::Empty => i == 15, }) } } impl fmt::Display for P15 { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { r#try!(write!(f, "+----+----+----+----+\n")); for (i, &cell) in self.board.iter().enumerate() { match cell { Cell::Card(value) => r#try!(write!(f, "| {:2} ", value)), Cell::Empty => r#try!(write!(f, "| ")), } if i % 4 == 3 { r#try!(write!(f, "|\n")); r#try!(write!(f, "+----+----+----+----+\n")); } } Ok(()) } } fn main() { let mut p15 = P15::new(); for turns in 1.. { println!("{}", p15); match ask_action(&p15.get_moves()) { Action::Move(direction) => { p15.play(&direction); } Action::Quit => { println!("Bye !"); break; } } if p15.is_complete() { println!("Well done ! You won in {} turns", turns); break; } } } fn ask_action(moves: &HashMap<Direction, Cell>) -> Action { use std::io::{self, Write}; use Action::*; use Direction::*; println!("Possible moves:"); if let Some(&Cell::Card(value)) = moves.get(&Up) { println!("\tU) {}", value); } if let Some(&Cell::Card(value)) = moves.get(&Left) { println!("\tL) {}", value); } if let Some(&Cell::Card(value)) = moves.get(&Right) { println!("\tR) {}", value); } if let Some(&Cell::Card(value)) = moves.get(&Down) { println!("\tD) {}", value); } println!("\tQ) Quit"); print!("Choose your move : "); io::stdout().flush().unwrap(); let mut action = String::new(); io::stdin().read_line(&mut action).expect("read error"); match action.to_uppercase().trim() { "U" if moves.contains_key(&Up) => Move(Up), "L" if moves.contains_key(&Left) => Move(Left), "R" if moves.contains_key(&Right) => Move(Right), "D" if moves.contains_key(&Down) => Move(Down), "Q" => Quit, _ => { println!("Unknown action: {}", action); ask_action(moves) } } }
Scala
import java.util.Random import jline.console._ import scala.annotation.tailrec import scala.collection.immutable import scala.collection.parallel.immutable.ParVector object FifteenPuzzle { def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = play() @tailrec def play(len: Int = 1000): Unit = if(gameLoop(Board.randState(len))) play(len) def gameLoop(board: Board): Boolean = { val read = new ConsoleReader() val km = KeyMap.keyMaps().get("vi-insert") val opMap = immutable.HashMap[Operation, Char]( Operation.PREVIOUS_HISTORY -> 'u', Operation.BACKWARD_CHAR -> 'l', Operation.NEXT_HISTORY -> 'd', Operation.FORWARD_CHAR -> 'r') @tailrec def gloop(b: Board): Boolean = { println(s"\u001B[2J\u001B[2;0H$b\n←↑→↓q") if(b.isSolved) println("Solved!\nPlay again? (y/n)") read.readBinding(km) match{ case Operation.SELF_INSERT => read.getLastBinding match{ case "q" => false case "y" if b.isSolved => true case "n" if b.isSolved => false case _ => gloop(b) } case op: Operation if opMap.isDefinedAt(op) => gloop(b.move(opMap(op))) case _ => gloop(b) } } gloop(board) } case class Board(mat: immutable.HashMap[(Int, Int), Int], x: Int, y: Int) { def move(mvs: Seq[Char]): Board = mvs.foldLeft(this){case (b, m) => b.move(m)} def move(mov: Char): Board = mov match { case 'r' if x < 3 => Board(mat ++ Seq(((x, y), mat((x + 1, y))), ((x + 1, y), 0)), x + 1, y) case 'l' if x > 0 => Board(mat ++ Seq(((x, y), mat((x - 1, y))), ((x - 1, y), 0)), x - 1, y) case 'd' if y < 3 => Board(mat ++ Seq(((x, y), mat((x, y + 1))), ((x, y + 1), 0)), x, y + 1) case 'u' if y > 0 => Board(mat ++ Seq(((x, y), mat((x, y - 1))), ((x, y - 1), 0)), x, y - 1) case _ => this } def isSolved: Boolean = sumDist == 0 def sumDist: Int = mat.to(LazyList).map{ case ((a, b), n) => if(n == 0) 6 - a - b else (a + b - ((n - 1) % 4) - ((n - 1) / 4)).abs }.sum override def toString: String = { val lst = mat.toVector.map { case ((a, b), n) => (4 * b + a, n) }.sortWith(_._1 < _._1).map(_._2) lst.map { n => if (n == 0) " " else f"$n%2d" }.grouped(4).map(_.mkString(" ")).mkString("\n") } } object Board { val moves: Vector[Char] = Vector('r', 'l', 'd', 'u') def apply(config: Vector[Int]): Board = { val ind = config.indexOf(0) val formed = config.zipWithIndex.map { case (n, i) => ((i % 4, i / 4), n) } val builder = immutable.HashMap.newBuilder[(Int, Int), Int] builder ++= formed Board(builder.result, ind % 4, ind / 4) } def solveState: Board = apply((1 to 15).toVector :+ 0) def randState(len: Int, rand: Random = new Random()): Board = Iterator .fill(len)(moves(rand.nextInt(4))) .foldLeft(Board.solveState) { case (state, mv) => state.move(mv) } } }
Scheme
(import (scheme base)
(scheme read)
(scheme write)
(srfi 27)) ; random numbers
(define *start-position* #(1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 #\space))
(random-source-randomize! default-random-source)
;; return a 16-place vector with the tiles randomly shuffled
(define (create-start-position)
(let ((board (vector-copy *start-position*)))
(do ((i 0 (+ 1 i))
(moves (find-moves board) (find-moves board)))
((and (>= i 100)
(not (finished? board)))
board)
(make-move board
(list-ref moves (random-integer (length moves)))))))
;; return index of space
(define (find-space board)
(do ((i 0 (+ 1 i)))
((equal? #\space (vector-ref board i)) i)))
;; return a list of symbols indicating available moves
(define (find-moves board)
(let* ((posn (find-space board))
(row (quotient posn 4))
(col (remainder posn 4))
(result '()))
(when (> row 0) (set! result (cons 'up result)))
(when (< row 3) (set! result (cons 'down result)))
(when (> col 0) (set! result (cons 'left result)))
(when (< col 3) (set! result (cons 'right result)))
result))
;; make given move - assume it is legal
(define (make-move board move)
(define (swap posn-1 posn-2)
(let ((tmp (vector-ref board posn-1)))
(vector-set! board posn-1 (vector-ref board posn-2))
(vector-set! board posn-2 tmp)))
;
(let ((posn (find-space board)))
(case move
((left)
(swap posn (- posn 1)))
((right)
(swap posn (+ posn 1)))
((up)
(swap posn (- posn 4)))
((down)
(swap posn (+ posn 4))))))
(define (finished? board)
(equal? board *start-position*))
(define (display-board board)
(do ((i 0 (+ 1 i)))
((= i (vector-length board)) (newline))
(when (zero? (modulo i 4)) (newline))
(let ((curr (vector-ref board i)))
(display curr)
(display (if (and (number? curr)
(> curr 9))
" "
" ")))))
;; the main game loop
(define (play-game)
(let ((board (create-start-position)))
(do ((count 1 (+ count 1))
(moves (find-moves board) (find-moves board)))
((finished? board)
(display (string-append "\nCOMPLETED PUZZLE in "
(number->string count)
" moves\n")))
(display-board board)
(display "Enter a move: ") (display moves) (newline)
(let ((move (read)))
(if (memq move moves)
(make-move board move)
(display "Invalid move - try again"))))))
(play-game)
{{out}}
1 2 3
5 7 6 11
13 14 8 4
10 9 15 12
Enter a move: (right left down)
right
1 2 3
5 7 6 11
13 14 8 4
10 9 15 12
Enter a move: (left down)
down
1 2 3 11
5 7 6
13 14 8 4
10 9 15 12
Enter a move: (left down up)
down
1 2 3 11
5 7 6 4
13 14 8
10 9 15 12
Enter a move: (left down up)
Scilab
init_pos=grand(1,"prm",tiles); puzzle=[init_pos(1:4);... init_pos(5:8);... init_pos(9:12);... init_pos(13:16)]; puzzle=string(puzzle);
blank_pos=[]; for i=1:4 for j=1:4 if puzzle(i,j)=="0" then blank_pos=[i,j]; end end end
clear i j
puzzle(blank_pos(1),blank_pos(2))=" ";
n_moves=0; solved=%F; while ~solved disp(puzzle); mprintf("\n");
neighbours=[0 -1;... -1 0;... 0 +1;... +1 0]; neighbours(:,1)=neighbours(:,1)+blank_pos(1); neighbours(:,2)=neighbours(:,2)+blank_pos(2); neighbours=[neighbours zeros(4,1)] i=0; for i=1:4 if ~(neighbours(i,1)<1 | neighbours(i,1)>4 |... neighbours(i,2)<1 | neighbours(i,2)>4) then neighbours(i,3)=evstr(puzzle(neighbours(i,1),neighbours(i,2))); end end valid_move=%F; while ~valid_move move_tile=[]; move_tile=input("Enter tile you want to move (0 to exit):"); if sum(move_tile==neighbours(:,3)) & move_tile~=0 then valid_move=%T; n_moves=n_moves+1; elseif move_tile==0 then disp("Exit"); abort else disp(puzzle); disp("Invalid input"); end end neighb_i=find(neighbours(:,3)'==move_tile); puzzle(neighbours(neighb_i,1),neighbours(neighb_i,2))=" "; puzzle(blank_pos(1),blank_pos(2))=string(move_tile); blank_pos=neighbours(neighb_i,1:2); if sum(puzzle==solution)==16 then solved=%T; disp(puzzle); mprintf("\n"+... " _____ _ _ _ \n"+... " / ____| | | | | |\n"+... " | (___ ___ | |_ _____ __| | |\n"+... " \\___ \\ / _ \\| \\ \\ / / _ \\/ _` | |\n"+... " ____) | (_) | |\\ V / __/ (_| |_|\n"+... " |_____/ \\___/|_| \\_/ \\___|\\__,_(_)\n") end
end
disp("Solved in "+string(n_moves)+" moves.");
{{out}}
This test was run while making <code>init_pos=[1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 14 10 11 13 0 15 12]</code>.
```txt
!1 2 3 4 !
! !
!5 6 7 8 !
! !
!9 14 10 11 !
! !
!13 15 12 !
Enter tile you want to move (0 to exit):
14
!1 2 3 4 !
! !
!5 6 7 8 !
! !
!9 10 11 !
! !
!13 14 15 12 !
Enter tile you want to move (0 to exit):
10
!1 2 3 4 !
! !
!5 6 7 8 !
! !
!9 10 11 !
! !
!13 14 15 12 !
Enter tile you want to move (0 to exit):
11
!1 2 3 4 !
! !
!5 6 7 8 !
! !
!9 10 11 !
! !
!13 14 15 12 !
Enter tile you want to move (0 to exit):
12
!1 2 3 4 !
! !
!5 6 7 8 !
! !
!9 10 11 12 !
! !
!13 14 15 !
_____ _ _ _
/ ____| | | | | |
| (___ ___ | |_ _____ __| | |
\___ \ / _ \| \ \ / / _ \/ _` | |
____) | (_) | |\ V / __/ (_| |_|
|_____/ \___/|_| \_/ \___|\__,_(_)
Solved in 4 moves.
Simula
BEGIN
CLASS FIFTEENPUZZLE(NUMTILES, SIDE, WIDTH, SEED);
INTEGER NUMTILES, SIDE, WIDTH, SEED;
BEGIN
INTEGER ARRAY TILES(0:NUMTILES);
INTEGER BLANKPOS;
PROCEDURE INVARIANT;
BEGIN
INTEGER ARRAY UQ(0:NUMTILES);
INTEGER I;
FOR I := 0 STEP 1 UNTIL NUMTILES DO UQ(I) := -1;
FOR I := 0 STEP 1 UNTIL NUMTILES DO
BEGIN
INTEGER T;
T := TILES(I);
IF UQ(T) <> -1 THEN ERROR("TILES ARE NOT UNIQUE");
UQ(T) := T;
END;
IF TILES(BLANKPOS) <> 0 THEN ERROR("BLANKPOS IS NOT BLANK");
END;
PROCEDURE SHUFFLE;
BEGIN
BOOLEAN B;
WHILE NOT B DO
BEGIN
INTEGER N;
RESET;
! DON'T INCLUDE THE BLANK SPACE IN THE SHUFFLE, LEAVE IT
! IN THE HOME POSITION ;
N := NUMTILES;
WHILE N > 1 DO
BEGIN
INTEGER R, TMP;
R := UNIFORM(0, N, SEED); N := N - 1;
TMP := TILES(R);
TILES(R) := TILES(N);
TILES(N) := TMP;
END;
B := ISSOLVABLE;
END;
INVARIANT;
END;
PROCEDURE RESET;
BEGIN
INTEGER I;
FOR I := 0 STEP 1 UNTIL NUMTILES DO
TILES(I) := MOD((I + 1), NUMTILES + 1);
BLANKPOS := NUMTILES;
INVARIANT;
END;
! ONLY HALF THE PERMUTATIONS OF THE PUZZLE ARE SOLVABLE.
! WHENEVER A TILE IS PRECEDED BY A TILE WITH HIGHER VALUE IT COUNTS
! AS AN INVERSION. IN OUR CASE, WITH THE BLANK SPACE IN THE HOME
! POSITION, THE NUMBER OF INVERSIONS MUST BE EVEN FOR THE PUZZLE
! TO BE SOLVABLE.
! SEE ALSO:
! WWW.CS.BHAM.AC.UK/~MDR/TEACHING/MODULES04/JAVA2/TILESSOLVABILITY.HTML
;
BOOLEAN PROCEDURE ISSOLVABLE;
BEGIN
INTEGER COUNTINVERSIONS;
INTEGER I, J;
FOR I := 0 STEP 1 UNTIL NUMTILES - 1 DO
FOR J := 0 STEP 1 UNTIL I - 1 DO
IF TILES(J) > TILES(I) THEN
COUNTINVERSIONS := COUNTINVERSIONS + 1;
ISSOLVABLE := MOD(COUNTINVERSIONS, 2) = 0;
END;
PROCEDURE PRINTBOARD;
BEGIN
INTEGER I, J;
PROCEDURE PRINTLINE;
BEGIN
INTEGER ROW, COL;
! +-----+-----+-----+-----+ ;
FOR ROW := 1 STEP 1 UNTIL SIDE DO
BEGIN
OUTCHAR('+');
FOR COL := 0 STEP 1 UNTIL WIDTH DO OUTCHAR('-');
END;
OUTCHAR('+');
OUTIMAGE;
END;
PROCEDURE PRINTCELL(T); INTEGER T;
BEGIN
IF T = 0 THEN
BEGIN
INTEGER R;
FOR R := 1 STEP 1 UNTIL WIDTH DO
OUTCHAR(' ');
END
ELSE OUTINT(T, WIDTH);
OUTCHAR(' ');
END;
! +-----+-----+-----+-----+
! | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
! +-----+-----+-----+-----+
! | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
! +-----+-----+-----+-----+
! | 9 | 10 | 11 | |
! +-----+-----+-----+-----+
! | 13 | 14 | 15 | 12 |
! +-----+-----+-----+-----+ ;
FOR I := 1 STEP 1 UNTIL SIDE DO
BEGIN
PRINTLINE;
OUTCHAR('|');
FOR J := 1 STEP 1 UNTIL SIDE DO
BEGIN
INTEGER T;
T := TILES((I - 1) * SIDE + (J - 1));
PRINTCELL(T);
OUTCHAR('|');
END;
OUTIMAGE;
END;
PRINTLINE;
END;
BOOLEAN PROCEDURE DONE;
BEGIN
BOOLEAN ORDERED;
INTEGER I, EXPECT;
ORDERED := TRUE;
EXPECT := 1;
FOR I := 0 STEP 1 UNTIL NUMTILES - 1 DO
BEGIN
IF I <> BLANKPOS THEN
BEGIN
IF TILES(I) <> EXPECT THEN
ORDERED := FALSE;
EXPECT := EXPECT + 1;
END;
END;
DONE := ORDERED;
END;
PROCEDURE REQUEST;
BEGIN
INTEGER ARRAY CANDIDATES(1:4);
INTEGER I, CANDCOUNT, CHOOSE;
BOOLEAN VALIDINPUT;
PROCEDURE ADDCAND(IDX); INTEGER IDX;
BEGIN
IF IDX >= 0 AND IDX <= NUMTILES THEN
BEGIN
CANDCOUNT := CANDCOUNT + 1;
CANDIDATES(CANDCOUNT) := TILES(IDX);
END;
END;
PRINTBOARD;
IF BLANKPOS <= NUMTILES - SIDE THEN ADDCAND(BLANKPOS + SIDE);
IF BLANKPOS >= SIDE THEN ADDCAND(BLANKPOS - SIDE);
IF MOD(BLANKPOS, SIDE) <> SIDE - 1 THEN ADDCAND(BLANKPOS + 1);
IF MOD(BLANKPOS, SIDE) <> 0 THEN ADDCAND(BLANKPOS - 1);
WHILE NOT VALIDINPUT DO
BEGIN
OUTTEXT("YOUR MOVE: ");
FOR I := 1 STEP 1 UNTIL CANDCOUNT DO
OUTINT(CANDIDATES(I), SIDE);
OUTIMAGE;
CHOOSE := ININT;
FOR I := 1 STEP 1 UNTIL CANDCOUNT DO
IF CHOOSE = CANDIDATES(I) THEN
BEGIN
INTEGER LOOKUP;
FOR LOOKUP := 0 STEP 1 UNTIL NUMTILES DO
IF NOT VALIDINPUT AND TILES(LOOKUP) = CHOOSE THEN
BEGIN
TILES(BLANKPOS) := TILES(LOOKUP);
TILES(LOOKUP) := 0;
BLANKPOS := LOOKUP;
INVARIANT;
VALIDINPUT := TRUE;
END;
END;
IF NOT VALIDINPUT THEN
BEGIN
OUTTEXT("INVALID INPUT!");
OUTIMAGE;
END;
END;
END;
SHUFFLE;
END;
REF(FIFTEENPUZZLE) P;
OUTTEXT("INPUT RANDOM SEED: ");
OUTIMAGE;
P :- NEW FIFTEENPUZZLE(15, 4, 3, ININT); ! ININT = RANDOM SEED ;
WHILE NOT P.DONE DO
P.REQUEST;
P.PRINTBOARD;
END.
{{out}}
INPUT RANDOM SEED:
456
+----+----+----+----+
| 15 | 8 | 13 | 14 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 1 | 2 | 9 | 4 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 12 | 3 | 5 | 7 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 11 | 6 | 10 | |
+----+----+----+----+
YOUR MOVE: 7 10
7
+----+----+----+----+
| 15 | 8 | 13 | 14 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 1 | 2 | 9 | 4 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 12 | 3 | 5 | |
+----+----+----+----+
| 11 | 6 | 10 | 7 |
+----+----+----+----+
YOUR MOVE: 7 4 5
4
+----+----+----+----+
| 15 | 8 | 13 | 14 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 1 | 2 | 9 | |
+----+----+----+----+
| 12 | 3 | 5 | 4 |
+----+----+----+----+
| 11 | 6 | 10 | 7 |
+----+----+----+----+
YOUR MOVE: 4 14 9
...
Standard ML
{{works with|SML/NJ}} {{works with|Moscow ML}}
(* Load required Modules for Moscow ML *)
load "Int";
load "Random";
(* Mutable Matrix *)
signature MATRIX =
sig
type 'a matrix
val construct : 'a -> int * int -> 'a matrix
val size : 'a matrix -> int * int
val get : 'a matrix -> int * int -> 'a
val set : 'a matrix -> int * int -> 'a -> unit
end
structure Matrix :> MATRIX =
struct
(* Array of rows, where the rows are a array of 'a *)
type 'a matrix = 'a Array.array Array.array
fun 'a construct (a : 'a) (width, height) : 'a matrix =
if width < 1 orelse height < 1
then raise Subscript
else Array.tabulate (height, fn _ => Array.tabulate (width, fn _ => a))
fun size b =
let
val firstrow = Array.sub (b, 0)
in
(Array.length firstrow, Array.length b)
end
fun get b (x, y) = Array.sub (Array.sub (b, y), x)
fun set b (x, y) v = Array.update (Array.sub (b, y), x, v)
end
signature P15BOARD =
sig
type board
datatype direction = North | East | South | West
val construct : int * int -> board
val emptyField : board -> int * int
val get : board -> int * int -> int option
val size : board -> int * int
exception IllegalMove
val moves : board -> int list
val move : board -> int -> unit
val issolved : board -> bool
end
(* Game Logic and data *)
structure Board :> P15BOARD =
struct
(* Matrix + empty Field position *)
type board = int option Matrix.matrix * (int * int) ref
datatype direction = North | East | South | West
exception IllegalMove
fun numberat width (x, y) = (y*width + x + 1)
fun construct (width, height) =
let
val emptyBoard : int option Matrix.matrix = Matrix.construct NONE (width, height)
in
(* Fill the board with numbers *)
List.tabulate (height, fn y => List.tabulate (width, fn x =>
Matrix.set emptyBoard (x, y) (SOME (numberat width (x, y)))));
(* Clear the last field *)
Matrix.set emptyBoard (width-1, height-1) NONE;
(* Return the board *)
(emptyBoard, ref (width-1, height-1))
end
fun emptyField (_, rfield) = !rfield
fun get (mat, _) (x, y) = Matrix.get mat (x, y)
fun size (mat, _) = Matrix.size mat
(* toggle the empty field with a given field *)
fun toggle (mat, rpos) pos =
let
val pos' = !rpos
val value = Matrix.get mat pos
in
Matrix.set mat pos NONE;
Matrix.set mat pos' value;
rpos := pos
end
(* Get list of positions of the neighbors of a given field *)
fun neighbors mat (x, y) : (int * int) list =
let
val (width, height) = Matrix.size mat
val directions = [(x, y-1), (x+1, y), (x, y+1), (x-1, y)]
in
List.mapPartial (fn pos => SOME (Matrix.get mat pos; pos) handle Subscript => NONE) directions
end
fun moves (mat, rpos) =
let
val neighbors = neighbors mat (!rpos)
in
map (fn pos => valOf (Matrix.get mat pos)) neighbors
end
fun move (mat, rpos) m =
let
val (hx, hy) = !rpos
val neighbors = neighbors mat (hx, hy)
val optNeighbor = List.find (fn pos => SOME m = Matrix.get mat pos) neighbors
in
if isSome optNeighbor
then
toggle (mat, rpos) (valOf optNeighbor)
else
raise IllegalMove
end
fun issolved board =
let
val (width, height) = size board
val xs = List.tabulate (width, fn x => x)
val ys = List.tabulate (height, fn y => y)
in
List.all (fn x => List.all (fn y => (x + 1 = width andalso y + 1 = height) orelse get board (x, y) = SOME (numberat width (x,y))) ys) xs
end
end
(* Board Shuffle *)
signature BOARDSHUFFLE =
sig
val shuffle : Board.board -> int -> unit
end
structure Shuffle :> BOARDSHUFFLE =
struct
(*
* Note: Random Number Interfaces are different in SML/NJ and Moscow ML. Comment out the corresponding version:
*)
(*
(* SML/NJ - Version *)
val time = Time.now ()
val timeInf = Time.toMicroseconds time
val timens = Int.fromLarge (LargeInt.mod (timeInf, 1073741823));
val rand = Random.rand (timens, timens)
fun next n = Random.randRange (0, n) rand
*)
(* Moscow ML - Version *)
val generator = Random.newgen ()
fun next n = Random.range (0, n) generator
fun shuffle board 0 = if (Board.issolved board) then shuffle board 1 else ()
| shuffle board n =
let
val moves = Board.moves board
val move = List.nth (moves, next (List.length moves - 1))
in
Board.move board move;
shuffle board (n-1)
end
end
(* Console interface *)
signature CONSOLEINTERFACE =
sig
val start : unit -> unit
val printBoard : Board.board -> unit
end
structure Console :> CONSOLEINTERFACE =
struct
fun cls () = print "\^[[1;1H\^[[2J"
fun promptNumber prompt =
let
val () = print prompt
(* Input + "\n" *)
val line = valOf (TextIO.inputLine TextIO.stdIn)
val length = String.size line
val input = String.substring (line, 0, length - 1)
val optnum = Int.fromString input
in
if isSome optnum
then valOf optnum
else (print "Input is not a number.\n"; promptNumber prompt)
end
fun fieldToString (SOME x) = Int.toString x
| fieldToString (NONE ) = ""
fun boardToString board =
let
val (width, height) = Board.size board
val xs = List.tabulate (width, fn x => x)
val ys = List.tabulate (height, fn y => y)
in
foldl (fn (y, str) => (foldl (fn (x, str') => str' ^ (fieldToString (Board.get board (x, y))) ^ "\t") str xs) ^ "\n") "" ys
end
fun printBoard board = print (boardToString board)
fun loop board =
let
val rvalidInput = ref false
val rinput = ref 42
val () = cls ()
val () = printBoard board
in
(* Ask for a move and repeat until it is a valid move *)
while (not (!rvalidInput)) do
(
rinput := promptNumber "Input the number to move: ";
Board.move board (!rinput);
rvalidInput := true
) handle Board.IllegalMove => print "Illegal move!\n"
end
fun start () =
let
val () = cls ()
val () = print "Welcome to nxm-Puzzle!\n"
val (width, height) = (promptNumber "Enter the width: ", promptNumber "Enter the height: ")
val diff = (promptNumber "Enter the difficulty (number of shuffles): ")
val board = Board.construct (width, height)
in
Shuffle.shuffle board diff;
while (not (Board.issolved board)) do loop board;
print "Solved!\n"
end
end
val () = Console.start()
Note: The interface for generating random numbers is different in SML/NJ and Moscow ML. Comment out the corresponding parts of code.
The dimensions of the board (eg. 4x4) and the number of shuffles should be entered first.
Tcl
{{libheader|Tk}} Works with Tcl/Tk 8.5
This program uses Tk, the graphical counterpart to Tcl. The tiles are made of a grid of buttons, and the text on the buttons is moved around.
The button "New game" selects one of the canned puzzles. The window-title is used to show messages.
# 15puzzle_21.tcl - HaJo Gurt - 2016-02-16 # http://wiki.tcl.tk/14403 #: 15-Puzzle - with grid, buttons and colors package require Tk set progVersion "15-Puzzle v0.21"; # 2016-02-20 global Msg Moves PuzzNr GoalNr set Msg " " set Moves -1 set PuzzNr 0 set GoalNr 0 set Keys { 11 12 13 14 21 22 23 24 31 32 33 34 41 42 43 44 } set Puzz_T { T h e F i f t e e n P u z z l e }; # Title set Goal_T { x x x F i f t e e n x x x x x x }; # Title-highlight set Puzz_0 { E G P N C A F B D L H I O K M _ }; # - / 116 set Puzz_1 { C A F B E G P N D L H I O K M _ }; # E / 156 from Tk-demo set Puzz_2 { E O N K M I _ G B H L P C F A D }; # L / 139 set Puzz_3 { P G M _ E L N D O K H I B C F A }; # EK / 146 set Goal_0 { A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P _ }; # Rows LTR / 1:E : 108 set Goal_1 { A E I N B F K O C G L P D H M _ }; # Cols forw. / 1:M : 114 set Puzz $Puzz_T set Goal $Goal_T #---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+--- proc Move {k} { # find the key with the empty tile: set e -1 foreach p $::Keys { set t [.key$p cget -text] if { $t eq "_" } { set e $p } } if {$e < 0} {return 0}; # no key with empty tile found if {$k == $e} {return 0}; # click was on the empty tile set t [.key$k cget -text] .key$e config -text $t .key$k config -text "_"; return 1 } proc Check {} { set ok 0 set i 0 foreach k $::Keys { set t [.key$k cget -text] set g [lindex $::Goal $i] incr i .key$k config -background white if { $t eq $g } { .key$k config -background lightgreen; incr ok } if { $t eq "_" } { .key$k config -background gray } } # Solved: update if { $ok > 15 && $::Moves > 0} { foreach k $::Keys { .key$k flash; bell; } } } proc Click {k} { set ::Msg "" set val [.key$k cget -text] set ok [Move $k] incr ::Moves $ok wm title . "$::Moves moves" Check } proc ShowKeys {} { set i 0 foreach k $::Keys { set t [lindex $::Puzz $i] incr i .key$k config -text $t -background white; } Check } proc NewGame {N} { global Msg Moves PuzzNr GoalNr incr PuzzNr $N if { $PuzzNr > 3} { set PuzzNr 0 } set ::Goal $::Goal_0; if { $GoalNr == 1} { set ::Goal $::Goal_1; } if { $PuzzNr == 0} { set ::Puzz $::Puzz_0; } if { $PuzzNr == 1} { set ::Puzz $::Puzz_1; } if { $PuzzNr == 2} { set ::Puzz $::Puzz_2; } if { $PuzzNr == 3} { set ::Puzz $::Puzz_3; } set Msg "Try again" if { $N>0 } { set Msg "New game" } set Moves 0 ShowKeys wm title . "$Msg " } #---+----1----+----2----+----3----+----4----+----5----+----6----+----7----+--- button .reset -text "Restart" -fg blue -command {NewGame 0} button .newGame -text "New Game" -fg red -command {NewGame +1} foreach k $::Keys { button .key$k -text "$k" -width 4 -command "Click $k" } grid .newGame x .reset x -sticky nsew grid .key11 .key12 .key13 .key14 -sticky nsew -padx 2 -pady 2 grid .key21 .key22 .key23 .key24 -sticky nsew -padx 2 -pady 2 grid .key31 .key32 .key33 .key34 -sticky nsew -padx 2 -pady 2 grid .key41 .key42 .key43 .key44 -sticky nsew -padx 2 -pady 2 grid configure .newGame .reset -columnspan 2 -padx 4 ShowKeys; Check wm title . $progVersion focus -force . wm resizable . 0 0 # For some more versions, see: http://wiki.tcl.tk/15067 : Classic 15 Puzzle and http://wiki.tcl.tk/15085 : N-Puzzle
Wolfram Language
grid = MapThread[{#1,#2} &, {Range @ 16, Range @ 16}]
Move[x_] := (empty = Select[grid, #[[1]]==16 &][[1,2]];
If[(empty == x+4) || (empty == x-4) ||
(Mod[empty,4] != 0 && empty == x-1) ||
(Mod[empty,4] != 1 && empty == x+1),
oldEmpty = grid[[empty]][[1]];
grid[[empty]][[1]] = grid[[x]][[1]];
grid[[x]][[1]] = oldEmpty])
CButton[{x_,loc_}] := If[x==16, Null, Button[x,Move @ loc]]
Dynamic @ Grid @ Partition[CButton /@ grid,4]
Visual Basic .NET
Public Class Board
Inherits System.Windows.Forms.Form
Const XbyX = 4
Const XSize = 60
Private Empty As New Panel
Private Tiles As New List(Of Tile)
Private Moves As Integer
Public Sub New()
Me.Text = XbyX ^ 2 - 1 & " Puzzle Game"
Me.ClientSize = New Size(XbyX * XSize, XbyX * XSize)
Me.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.FixedToolWindow
Restart()
End Sub
Public Sub Restart()
Dim Start As List(Of Integer) = MakeCompleteable(GetRandamStartOrder())
Empty.SetBounds(((XbyX ^ 2 - 1) Mod XbyX) * XSize, ((XbyX ^ 2 - 1) \ XbyX) * XSize, XSize, XSize)
Me.Moves = 0
Me.Tiles.Clear()
Me.Controls.Clear()
For No = 0 To XbyX ^ 2 - 2
Dim Tile As New Tile
Tile.Text = Start(No)
Tile.Board = Me
Tile.SetBounds((No Mod XbyX) * XSize, (No \ XbyX) * XSize, XSize, XSize)
Me.Tiles.Add(Tile)
Me.Controls.Add(Tile)
Next
End Sub
Public Sub IsComplete()
Me.Moves += 1
If Empty.Left = ((XbyX ^ 2 - 1) Mod XbyX) * XSize AndAlso Empty.Top = ((XbyX ^ 2 - 1) \ XbyX) * XSize Then
Me.Tiles.Sort()
For x = 1 To XbyX ^ 2 - 1
If Not Tiles(x - 1).Text = x Then
Exit Sub
End If
Next
MsgBox($"Completed in {Me.Moves} Moves!", MsgBoxStyle.Information, "Winner")
Restart()
End If
End Sub
Public Class Tile
Inherits Button
Implements IComparable(Of Tile)
Public Board As Board
Private Sub Tile_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles Me.Click
With Board.Empty
If Me.Left = .Left AndAlso (Me.Top + Me.Height = .Top OrElse .Top + .Height = Me.Top) Then
Swap()
ElseIf Me.Top = .Top AndAlso (Me.Left + Me.Width = .Left OrElse .Left + .Width = Me.Left) Then
Swap()
End If
End With
End Sub
Private Sub Swap()
Dim p = Board.Empty.Location
Board.Empty.Location = Me.Location
Me.Location = p
Board.IsComplete()
End Sub
Public Function CompareTo(other As Tile) As Integer Implements IComparable(Of Tile).CompareTo
Dim Result = Me.Top.CompareTo(other.Top)
If Result = 0 Then
Return Me.Left.CompareTo(other.Left)
End If
Return Result
End Function
End Class
Public Function GetRandamStartOrder() As List(Of Integer)
Dim List As New List(Of Integer)
Dim Random As New Random()
Do While List.Count < XbyX ^ 2 - 1
Dim Value As Integer = Random.Next(1, XbyX ^ 2)
If Not List.Contains(Value) Then
List.Add(Value)
End If
Loop
Return List
End Function
Public Function MakeCompleteable(List As List(Of Integer)) As List(Of Integer)
'ToDo
Return List
End Function
End Class
VBA
This allows the user to specify the size of the grid (N x N). Only solvable layouts are displayed.
This uses InputBoxes to display the grid of tiles, and prompts the user to enter the number on the tile they wish to move into the empty space.
The last move is displayed on the input box, or an error message if an invalid move is attempted. When the puzzle is solved, the move count is displayed.
Public iSide As Integer
Public iSize As Integer
Public iGrid() As Integer
Public lMoves As Long
Public sMessage As String
Public Const sTitle As String = "Tile Puzzle"
Sub PlayGame()
Dim iNum As Integer
Dim i As Integer
Dim vInput As Variant
DefineGrid:
vInput = InputBox("Enter size of grid, as a whole number" & String(2, vbCr) & "(e.g. for a 4 x 4 grid, enter '4')", sTitle, 4)
If vInput = "" Then Exit Sub
If Not IsNumeric(vInput) Then GoTo DefineGrid
iSide = vInput
If iSide < 3 Or iNum > 10 Then GoTo DefineGrid
iSize = iSide ^ 2
ReDim iGrid(1 To iSize)
Initalize:
InitializeGrid
If Not IsSolvable Then GoTo Initalize
GetInput:
vInput = InputBox(ShowGrid & vbCr & "Enter number to move into empty tile", sTitle)
If vInput = "" Then
If MsgBox("Are you sure? This will end the current game.", vbExclamation + vbYesNo, sTitle) = vbYes Then Exit Sub
End If
If Not IsNumeric(vInput) Then
sMessage = "'" & vInput & "' is not a valid tile"
GoTo GetInput
End If
iNum = vInput
If iNum < 1 Or iNum > iSize - 1 Then
sMessage = iNum & " is not a valid tile"
GoTo GetInput
End If
i = FindTile(iNum)
If Not ValidMove(i) Then GoTo GetInput
MoveTile (i)
If TestGrid Then
MsgBox "SUCCESS! You solved the puzzle in " & lMoves & " moves", vbInformation + vbOKOnly, sTitle
Else
GoTo GetInput
End If
End Sub
Function RandomTile() As Integer
Randomize
RandomTile = Int(Rnd * iSize) + 1
End Function
Function GetX(ByVal i As Integer) As Integer
GetX = Int((i - 1) / iSide) + 1
End Function
Function GetY(ByVal i As Integer) As Integer
GetY = (i - 1) Mod iSide + 1
End Function
Function GetI(ByVal x As Integer, y As Integer)
GetI = (x - 1) * iSide + y
End Function
Function InitializeGrid()
Dim i As Integer
Dim x As Integer
Dim y As Integer
sMessage = "New " & iSide & " x " & iSide & " game started" & vbCr
For i = 1 To iSize
iGrid(i) = 0
Next i
For i = 1 To iSize - 1
Do
x = RandomTile
If iGrid(x) = 0 Then iGrid(x) = i
Loop Until iGrid(x) = i
Next i
lMoves = 0
End Function
Function IsSolvable() As Boolean
Dim i As Integer
Dim j As Integer
Dim iCount As Integer
For i = 1 To iSize - 1
For j = i + 1 To iSize
If iGrid(j) < iGrid(i) And iGrid(j) > 0 Then iCount = iCount + 1
Next j
Next i
If iSide Mod 2 Then
IsSolvable = Not iCount Mod 2
Else
IsSolvable = iCount Mod 2 = GetX(FindTile(0)) Mod 2
End If
End Function
Function TestGrid() As Boolean
Dim i As Integer
For i = 1 To iSize - 1
If Not iGrid(i) = i Then
TestGrid = False
Exit Function
End If
Next i
TestGrid = True
End Function
Function FindTile(ByVal iNum As Integer) As Integer
Dim i As Integer
For i = 1 To iSize
If iGrid(i) = iNum Then
FindTile = i
Exit Function
End If
Next i
End Function
Function ValidMove(ByVal i As Integer) As Boolean
Dim e As Integer
Dim xDiff As Integer
Dim yDiff As Integer
e = FindTile(0)
xDiff = GetX(i) - GetX(e)
yDiff = GetY(i) - GetY(e)
If xDiff = 0 Then
If yDiff = 1 Then
sMessage = "Tile " & iGrid(i) & " was moved left"
ValidMove = True
ElseIf yDiff = -1 Then
sMessage = "Tile " & iGrid(i) & " was moved right"
ValidMove = True
End If
ElseIf yDiff = 0 Then
If xDiff = 1 Then
sMessage = "Tile " & iGrid(i) & " was moved up"
ValidMove = True
ElseIf xDiff = -1 Then
sMessage = "Tile " & iGrid(i) & " was moved down"
ValidMove = True
End If
End If
If Not ValidMove Then sMessage = "Tile " & iGrid(i) & " may not be moved"
End Function
Function MoveTile(ByVal i As Integer)
Dim e As Integer
e = FindTile(0)
iGrid(e) = iGrid(i)
iGrid(i) = 0
lMoves = lMoves + 1
End Function
Function ShowGrid()
Dim x As Integer
Dim y As Integer
Dim i As Integer
Dim sNum As String
Dim s As String
For x = 1 To iSide
For y = 1 To iSide
sNum = iGrid(GetI(x, y))
If sNum = "0" Then sNum = ""
s = s & sNum & vbTab
Next y
s = s & vbCr
Next x
If Not sMessage = "" Then
s = s & vbCr & sMessage & vbCr
End If
ShowGrid = s
End Function
Sample output:
10 4 3 14
9 15 1 6
12 11 7 8
2 5 13
New 4 x 4 game started
Enter number to move into empty tile
=={{header|X86_64 Assembly}}==
; Puzzle15 by grosged (march 2019)
; How to play ?.. Just press one of the arrow keys then [enter] to valid
; ( press [Ctrl+C] to escape )
segment .data
check: db "1 2 3 4",10," 5 6 7 8",10," 9 10 11 12",10," 13 14 1"
puzzle: db 27,"c",10," 1 2 3 4",10," 5 6 7 8",10," 9 10 11 12",10," 13 14 15 ",10,10
db " Direction ?",13
db " Well done ! ",10,10
inKey: dw 0,0,0,0
segment .text
global _start
_start: mov rax,100
syscall
mov rcx,rax
shr rcx,3
and rcx,255
and rax,31
lea rsi,[_start+rax]
mov rbx,15
Mixing: push rcx
mov di,word[rsi+rcx*2]
mov rcx,8
quatre: mov ax,di
shr di,2
and ax,3
add ax,65
call SWAPPIN
loop quatre
pop rcx
loop Mixing
cmp cx,ax
MainLp: mov rdx,80
Succes: lea rsi,[puzzle]
mov rdi,1
mov rax,1
End?: syscall
mov rax,60
je End?
mov rdx,8
lea rsi,[inKey]
mov rdi,0
mov rax,0
syscall
mov al,byte [rsi+rax-2]
call SWAPPIN
lea rsi,[check]
lea rdi,[puzzle+5]
mov rcx,7
repe cmpsq
jne MainLp
mov rdx,95
jmp Succes
SWAPPIN:mov rdx,rbx
cmp al,"A"
jne NotUp
add rbx,4
cmp rbx,16
cmovae rbx,rdx
NotUp: cmp al,"B"
jne NotDwn
sub rbx,4
cmovc rbx,rdx
NotDwn: cmp al,"C"
jne NotLft
test rbx,3
jz Endcll
dec rbx
NotLft: cmp al,"D"
jne Endcll
inc rbx
test rbx,3
cmovz rbx,rdx
Endcll: mov ax," "
xchg ax,word[puzzle+4+rbx*4]
mov word[puzzle+4+rdx*4],ax
ret
Yabasic
dx = 4 : dy = 4 : dxy = dx * dy
dim grid(dx, dy)
dim t(dxy)
for x = 1 to dx
for y = 1 to dy
fin = false
repeat
i = int(ran(dxy) + 1)
if t(i) = 0 then
t(i) = 1
fin = true
if i < dxy then
grid(x, y) = i
else
ex = x : ey = y
end if
end if
until(fin = true)
next y
next x
drawTable()
repeat
moveTile()
drawTable()
until(finish())
print "\n\n\nNumber of movements: ",mov,"\nEnd\n"
sub finish()
local x, y, v
for y = 1 to dy
for x = 1 to dx
v = v + 1
if (v < dxy) and (grid(x, y) <> v) return false
next x
next y
return true
end sub
sub moveTile()
local direction$
direction$ = inkey$
switch direction$
case "up": if (ey + 1) < (dy + 1) then grid(ex, ey) = grid(ex, ey + 1) : ey = ey + 1 end if : break
case "down": if (ey - 1) > 0 then grid(ex, ey) = grid(ex, ey - 1) : ey = ey - 1 end if : break
case "right": if (ex - 1) > 0 then grid(ex, ey) = grid(ex - 1, ey) : ex = ex - 1 end if : break
case "left": if (ex + 1) < (dx + 1) then grid(ex, ey) = grid(ex + 1, ey) : ex = ex + 1 end if : break
default: return : break
end switch
mov = mov + 1
grid(ex, ey) = 0
end sub
sub drawTable()
local x, y
clear screen
print " Use the cursor keys"
for x = 1 to dx
for y = 1 to dy
print at(x * 3, y * 2);
if grid(x, y) then
print color("yellow","magenta") grid(x, y) using "##"
else
print " "
end if
next y
next x
end sub
Adaptation from Phix solution
board$ = "123456789ABCDEF0"
solve$ = board$
pos = 16
sub print_board()
local i, n$
clear screen
for i = 1 to len(board$)
if i = pos then
print " ";
else
n$ = str$(dec(mid$(board$, i, 1)), "###")
print n$;
end if
if mod(i, 4) = 0 print
next
print
end sub
sub move(d)
local new_pos, delta(4)
delta(1) = 4 : delta(2) = 1 : delta(3) = -1 : delta(4) = -4
new_pos = pos + delta(d)
if new_pos >= 1 and new_pos <= 16 and (mod(pos, 4) = mod(new_pos, 4) or floor((pos - 1) / 4) = floor((new_pos - 1) / 4)) then
mid$(board$, pos, 1) = mid$(board$, new_pos, 1)
mid$(board$, new_pos, 1) = "0"
pos = new_pos
end if
end sub
for i = 1 to 100 : move(int(ran(4))+1) : next
do
print_board()
if board$ = solve$ break
c = ((instr("esc up left rightdown ", inkey$) - 1) / 5)
if c < 1 break
move(c)
loop
print "solved!\n"